US843541A - Inductor magneto-alternator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 843,541. PATENTED FEB. 5, 1907. L. J. LB PONTOIS. INDUGTB. MAGNETO ALTERNATOR.

APPLIOATIGN FILED DIEU. 11. 1905.

2 SHEETS-BHEET l.

PATBNTBD FEB. 5, 1907.

L. J. LE PONTOIS.

INDUGTOR MAGNETO ALTERNATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 11. 1905.

2 SHEBTS-BHBBT 2.

WMM/emo UNITED STATES PATENT oEEioE.

LEON J. LE PONTOIS, OF `YEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO POLY- PHASE IGITION SYSTEM COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEI/V YORK.

ymiriuoTon MAGNE'ro-ALTERNATor-z.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. i907.

Application filed December 1l, 1905. Serial No 291.261.

. y "The present inveniion relates to an inductpr niagneio-alternazor designed io generare alternating currents suitable for the ignirion of combustible mixiurcs in infernal-combustion engines eiiliei by the malre-and-break system or by the jump-spark sys'iem.

l In my Parent No. 808,555, dated Decembei' 2G, 1905, I have described a magneto pre- Santing a very imporr anc feaiure in thai without the use of reci'ifying means che alternating current'J generated was parrially ruilized ,to mainrain the so-called permanent magnet constituting the iield of the magneio conn actual permanent` degree of magnetiza- V4tion.

j The object of the present invent-ion is to constriicil a magneto embodying the same principle and presenting the. additional advantage thai' in Whaiever osition the inducior-roior may be stoppe the reluctance` of the[iiiagnericrircuit comprising the fieldmagneis, [he polar projecrions, the indifciorrotor, and the air-gaps bew'een the latter and the faces vof the polar projections will be s uIiciently-low to allow the larger part of the Arr'iagneiic field to close itself through such circuit instead of closing itself by leakage alofv T,the lines of least magneiio relucrance, vvljiixiiii leakage tends to cause the ulimaie `de olarizaiion ofthe ermanent magnet.

n carrying out my invention I provide t'wo distinct paths for the magneic flux issuing from the oles of the permanent magnet, said paths eing so disposed With relaion to the inductor-roor that Whenever said rotor by its posi-tion causes the reluctance of one o t he paphs to be increased a corresponding decrease Will take place in the relucrance of the other path, thereby maintaining the tor al reluctance of the magnetic circuit, lincluding the rotor, to a fairly constant;` value for rho pur ose desired.

' 'Illia invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in

ture 5, formed of soft-iron Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section on the plane of the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, and Fig.

2 a transverse vercical seccion on the plane of the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

lSimilar reference-numerals indicate similar par. s in ihe several views.

In embodying my invention in practical form I have obained the best resulis by employing the annular permanent magnet described in my Parent No. 807,949, dated December 19, 1905, overcoming, however, any objeciions to the bulk inherent to that form of magnec by disposing the axis of rotation of che roior in a plane parallel to the plane of the annular. magnet. I am thus enabled to construct a magneto having a compara'lively powerful field and occupying notwirhsranding a somewhat narrower space than ihe ordinary magneto having horseshoe-maglie is. In order, however, to properly balance Lhe magneic pull on theinducto'r, I employ iwo such annular magnets so placed thai; poles of the same polarity face each oiher and that the magnetic flux issuin from the opposiie poles of each magnet Wil follow the same magnetic path through the roor.

In order to secure a very compact structure, I inclose` the arts above referred to in a substantially circular diamagnetic casing 1, preferably aluminium, closed on its sides by suitable covers 2 to provide a dust and Water roof structure. In suitable ball-bearings 3 is supported a shaft 4, to which latter are secured the rotor 5 and the driving member 6. The ball-bearings 3 may be of any usual type adapted to the purpose, the present construction showing the casin 1 formed with in- Wardlyrejecting cham ers 7 and 7', Within which tilie bearin s are supported. Ono of these chambers is c osed by a suitable cover 8,

forming an oil-chamber between said cover and the inner end 9 of this chamber. A similarly-disposed cover 8 closes the chambei 7. The oil in the chambers 7 and 7 is prevented from escaping into the casing 1 'by rings 10 and 10', having sharp proleoting shoulders, as shown. Rigidly secured t-o the shaft 4 is a bushing 11, suplporting an armaamin insulated fromV each other and pressed together between a ange at one end of the bushing a screw-cap 12 at' the opposite end the and IOO

bushing l1 to constitute an inductor-rotor. The inductor-poles are of the peculiar construction shown in Fig. 2, the object being to provide a magnetic conductor capable of modifyingr by its rotation the reluctance of a magnetic lield passing' through its mass. The plates` when properly assembled present the appearance substantially of a cylinder having two sections of its periphery cut away, the depth of the depression being in one of my commercial forms about one centimeter. The depressed circular walls drop abruptly and substantially radial in direction at 13 and rise at 14 to the surfaces 15 of the cylinder by a very gradual slope.

Nithin the casing and .symmetrically disposed on each side oi' the central vertical plane of Fig. 2 are secured two annular magnets 16 and 17, having consequent poles N" and S. These magnets are similar in construction, each consisting of a steel ribbon continuously wound in the form of a helix after it has been hardened. lnstea d of winding in a circular or ring form the ribbon maybe wound in the form of an oval, square, or rectangle, suitable insulation beingI interposed between adjacent con.

volutions to prevent the formation of a magnetic short circuit between eonvolutions, which might be at a dill'crent magnetic potential. After the st eel ring has been wound and the ends securely fastened it is accurately ground on both faces and placed in a powerful magnetic circuit, closing itself by each side of the magnet to thereby develop in two opposite zones two opposite magnetic ioles. In order to hold the convolutions of the magnets during the process of grinding and magnet ization, a brass ring 1.8 is shrunk thereon. lYhen the two 1nagnets`are assembled inthe easing, they are so placed that poles of similar polarity face each other. Located between the polarized zones of the two magnets and rigidljr fastened to the casing are polar projections 19 and 20, extending into close proxiniitjv to the rot at ingl inductor.

The polarized zones of the magnets are )laced in close magnetic contact with the polar projections 19 and 20. These latter are built up of soft-iron laminte substantialhv rectangular in shape and having two teeth 21 'l2 and 21 2'. of unequal width and terinitiatingin laces struck on the are of a circle from a central point on the axis of the inductor. These lamina are held together by suitable insulated rivets and secured to the casing by means of two brass disks 23, substan tially circular in shape, cast around the upper ends of the lamina` after they have been assembled. To insure a perfect union between the lamina and the brass disks, the former when stamped are shaped with dovetail projections 24. lt will be noted that the faces of the teeth of the polar projections having the same width are diametrically placed. Coils are wound upon the` tec-H122 and 22.

l laces of the teeth 21 21.

vcare being taken that the outer surfaces thereof are carefully protcct'edvfrom any possible. grounding. These coils are wound ri ht and lett, their beginnin s being electrically connected to the metalic structure ofthe machine, the ends connected together, so that both coils are grouped in parallel and connected to the binding-post 28. located on one of the side covers 2.

The elements above described constitute an alternating-current generator of the inductor type partially excited by the ermanent magnetic field and partially .exciting itself, owing to the shape of the rotating inductor and the location 1n the path of the magnetic field of the windings 2 5, in which the alter. nating currents are generated.

lt is obviousI that upon the rotation of the iiiuctor in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 the rotor will at one time reach a position when the outer circular surfaces l5 will bridge the total width of the teeth 21 22 and 21 22. In this position the magnetic flux issuing from the permanent magnets will find a practically-closed path from polo to pole` dividing itself between the two teeth 21 22 and 21 22 in proportion to their respective magnetic cross-sections. Upon a further angular motion of the inductor in the same dircction the depressions of the inductor. are brought across the teeth 21 21 of the polar projections. The considerable increase in the reluctance of the air-gaps existing between these teeth an'l the depressed walls of the ingluctor causes the magnetic flux to seek the better path offered by the teeth 22 22. The density of the magnetic lux threading through the coils 25 is then a maximum. A further angular motion of the inzittetor in the saine direction brings it to the position show n in Fig. 2. While reaching that position the reluctance of the path between the teeth 22 22 is en the verge of increasing abruptly, as the air-gap existing` between Said teeth and the edges 26 of the inductor is increasing rapillyfor a very slight angular motion of the in uctor In the meantime the eliges 2T have penetrated within the faces of the teeth 21 21', thereby causing;r part of the magnetic flux to be diverted from they path 22 22 to seek the better path being established between the teeth 21 21. It is at this moment that thc rate of change in the intensity of the magnetic llux threaing through the coils 25 reaches sultienly a maximum, and therefore the current generated in said coils reaches a high peak wave pending a very Short angular motion of the iinluctor. lt must be borne in ininfl. however, that the edges 2T should not penetrate too `ieeply within the polar surbefore the reluctance of the magnetic path 22 22 has increased su thinly. for otherwise the magnetic lie d tht'ea ting' through the cpils 25 would pass too gradually from the path 22 22 to the IOO path 21 21, thereby defeating the object of t the invention, which is to obtain a very Shar peak wa'vj'e, whlch will give the best resu t with the ordinary induction-coil. For this reason eX eriinents have been made to determine t e best possible relation ofthe angular distances between the outside edges of however, the inductoreiges 27 to penetrate deepl enouofh within the teeth 21 21 to offer4 a fair y good7 magnetic path for the flux issuing fromA the permanent magnets, so that should the generator at this critical moment be broughtto a standstill and remain stationary for any length of time the by-path offered by theteeth 21 21 and that part of the inductor covered by these teeth to the magnetic flux will be of sufficiently low'reiuctance `to revent an abnormal 'leakage outside of this ath and will therefore tend to prevent the depolarization of the magnet. The current thus generated can be led directl to the terminals of a suitable make-andbreall(I sparking plug and utilized in this form. It may also be utilize-fl to energize the rimary of an induction-coil when connecte` to said primary by a suitable interrupter shunted by a proper condenser, as described in an appication filed by m'e of even date herewi What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An inductor magneto-alternator cornprising a permanent field-magnet, vbifurcated polar projections adjacent to the poles of said magnet, stationary .windings surrounding two of the diametrically opposite bifurcations, and aninductor-rotor adapted to modify by its rotation the distribution of the magnetic flux through the` o positely-disposed bifurcations, whereby t 1e reluctance of the magnetic circuit comprising the permanent magnet,the bifurcated polar projections, the inductor-rotor, and the air-gaps existing between the rotor and the said polar projections is kept down to a fairly constant value for the purpose st ated.

2. An inductor magneto-alternator comprising a permanent field-magnet, bifurcated polar projections adjacent to the poles of said magnet, st tionary windings surrounding two of the diametrically opposite bifurcations, and a dissy'mmetric' inductor-rotor `prising two annular adapted to modify by its rotation the distribution of, the magnetic flux through the oppositely-disiposed bifurcations, for the purpose describe 3. An indu'ctor magneto-alternator cornrising a permanent magnet formed of a' per-J manently-magnetized' ring wound from a continuous hardened-steel ribbon, laminatedA polar projections adjacent to the' consequent tween and a poles of said magnet said poles being bifui'- cated, stationary windings surrounding two ofV the diametrically o posite bifurcations and an inductor-rotor adapted to modifyv by its rotation the distribution of the magnetlc flux through the oppositely-disposed bifurcations, whereby the reluctance ofthe magnetic circuit comprising the permanent magnet, the bifurcated polar projections, the inductor-rotor, and the air-gaps existingbetween the rotor and the said polar projections is kept down to a fairly constant value for the purpose stated.

4. An inductor magneto-alternator comprising two annular permanent magnets so mounted that poles of the same polarity face each other, olar projections mounted between and a jacent to the magnetic poles of' said magnets -said projections being bifurcated, stationary windings surrounding. two of the diametrically opposite bifurcations, a shaftlocated between and having its axis in a plane parallel to the plane of said magnets, and an inductor-rotor mounted on said shaft and adapted to rotate between the faces of said polar projections.

5. An inductor magneto-alternator ,come prising two annular ermanent magnets so mounted that poles o the same polarity face cach other, olar projections mounted between and adjacent to the magnetic poles of said magnets said projections being -bifurcated, stationary windings surrounding two of the diametric'ally opposite bifurcations,a shaft located between and having its axis in a plane parallel to the plane of said magnets, and a dlssymmetricinductor-rotor mounted on said shaft andadapted to rotate between the faces of said polar projections.

6. An inductor magneto-alternator comprising two similar annular permanent magnets each formed ofa permanentl v-magnetized ring wound. from a continuous ardened- `steel ribbon said magnets being so mounted thatpoles of the same polarity face each other,

olar projections mounted between and adjacent to the magnetic poles of said magnets said projections beingbifurcated, stationary windings surrounding two of the diametr'ically opposite bifurcations, a shaft located between and having its axis in a plane parallel to the plane of -said magnets, and an inductor-rtor mounted n said shaft and adapted to rotate'betwen the faces of said polar projections.

7. An inductor magneto-alternator comermanent magnets so mounted that poleso the same polarity face each other, olar projections mounted bedjacent to the magnetic poles of said magnets, stationary windings adjacent to said polar projections, a shaft located. betwcenandhaving its axis of rotation 1n a plane parallel to the plane of said magnets, and an inductor-rotor mounted on said shaft ICO and adapted to rotate between the faces of monntecl on mill shaft and :ldapteil lo rotate 1o said polar projections. between the faves ol' .said polanprojeetions.

8. An imluetol magneto-ulteinntor eoin- In txmtilnonjr hereof l 'lwe hereunto prising an annular permanent magnet, polar signed my mime in the presence of two sul) projections adjacent to the eonseqnex'i-t poles seiibing witnesses.

of said magneti, stationary windings mljneent LEON J. LE PUNTOIS. to said polar projections, n shaft having ite Witnesses.:

axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the OLIX A. FOSTER.

plane of said magnet, and an induetor-rotoi GEO. W. l,.\\\.'\:A

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