US822296A - Grate. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JUNE 5,` 1906.l

S. NEEMES.

GRATIS.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. 19. 1.903.

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y s. NEBMES.

GRATB.

APPLICATION FILED AUGy 19. 1903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Eil/- WIWI-:5555 mw )QUM- the grate in a shaking osition.

NITEI) STATES PATENT OFFIOE.

SPENCER NEEMES, OF TROY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO NEEMES BROS., OF TROY, NEW YORK, A FIRM.

GRATE.

Specification of-Letters Patent.

Patented June 5, 1906.

Application filed August 19.1903. Serial No. 169.968.

ing drawings, and the reference characters marked thereon, which form a part of this` specification. Similar characters refer to similar parts in the several figures therein.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a verticallongitudinal section taken on a plane indicated by broken line 1 1 in Fig. 2 and showing the relative position of the grate when in use. Fig. 2

is a top plan view of the grate and end tables.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the grate-frame detached with the end tables removed. Fig. 4 is a sectional view similar tothat inFig. 1, showing the back section of the grate in a dumping position. Fig. 5 is a similar fragmentary view showing the front section of Fig. 6 is a similar view of two bac i grate-bars, showing an oscillatory movement of twenty-two and one-half degrees. Fig. 7 is a similar view of two front grate-bars, showing an oscillatory movement of twenty-two and one-half degrees. Fig. 8 is a view in side elevation of one of the grate-bars broken away at each end and showing part of the dumping connections. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of one of the bearing-blocks detached.

My invention is especially applicable to grates employed in furnaces used in connection with steam-boilers to generate steam for power or heating purposes. When such ates are employed in connection withinclined tubular boilers, as well as horizontal boilers, in some cases theI grate is inclined from the front to the back, so that the back end of the grate is lower than the front end. I have ascertained that improved results may be obtained if one-half or more of the grate,

including the backend, is so constructed that it can be dumped by the oscillatory movements of rocking grate-bars,while the front portion of the grate is adapted for shaking instead of dumping by an oscillatory movement of smaller rocking grate-bars, so as to grind up the clinkers andallow the broken pieces, together with the ashes, to fall through the comparatively small openings in the grate without dumping the iire. The larger portion of the grate,`including the back, is thus cleared of ashes and clinkers in a comparatively short time and with little effort, while the comparatively smaller front portion of the grate can be cleared of ashes and clinkers by the shaking process, which can be carried to any degree desired to produce an approximately even draft throughout all portions of Ythe grate.

Referring to the drawings, I have shown in Fig. 1 a vertical section of the front portion of the furnace, including the front end of steamboiler 1, combustion chamber 2, having a feed-opening 3, ash-pit 4, bridge-wall 5, and grate 6.

The rear ends of the side bars 7 of the grateframe are supported by a bar 8, end-seated in the side walls, and is lower than the other end, which is supported by the bar 9.

The grate comprises a dumping section, consisting of about two-thirds of the grate, including the rear end, and a shaking-section, consisting of the remaining one-third at the front end of the grate. The shaking-section is made up of a r'ow of four rocking or oscillatory grate-bars 12 and the stationary resistance-bars 13, the stationary bars alternating with the oscillatory bars, as shown. The oscillatory bars are severally provided at each end with a trunnion 14, the trunnion at one end resting in a detachable bearing-block 15, dovetailed into a side bar of the grate-frame, and the trunnion at the other end having its bearing in the opposite side bar of the frame. The resistance-bars 13 are supported at their ends in suitable apertures 16 in the side bars of the grate-frame. Projecting from the lower edge of the oscillatory grate-bars are the lugs 17, which are connected, by means of pivots 1 8, with a shaking-bar 1 9, the latter being connected by link 20 with the shaking-lever 21, pivoted at 22 upon a bracket 23, secured by bolts 24 to the front wall 25 of the ash-pit, as seen inFig. 1. The lever 21 is provided at its upper end with a socket 26, adapted to receive one end of a detachable lever. (Not shown.) The rear section of the grate is made up of similar oscillatory grate-bars 30, Without the interposition between each pair of IOO the usual well-known manner, the operationl of the grate is as follows: When the accumulation of ashes on the front section of the grate is sufficient to retard the draft through that section and reduce its heating capacity below that of the same area in the rear section, the shaking operation hereinbefore described is applied to the front section until a sufficient quantity of ashes has fallen through this section to restore the normal draft and raise its heating capacity to that of the rear.

section, which operation may be repeated as required until the accumulation of ashes in the rear section is sufcient to reduce the draft of that section below the normal, whereupon the fire or live coals upon the rear section are drawn forward upon the front section, after which the rear section is dumped, as hercinbefore described. Then after the grate-bars of the rear section have been restored to their normal position, such as shown in Fig. 1, the fire or live coals which have been removed to the front are forced back again and distributed over the dumpingsection of the grate and new fuel applied as desired. It is thus possible to maintain approximately the same heating capacity throughout all parts of the combustioncharnber, the shaking operation being applied to the front section of the grate from time to time, as required.

As a means for facilitating the operation of cutting or crushing any clinkers or hard lumps which may accumulate beneath the fire and on the grate-surface I give the oscillatory grate-bars an improved form, which consists in making the sides of the bars concaved, forming clinker-pockets 39. I have .Y demonstrated by experiment that when the sides of the oscillatory members are concaved the clinkers or hard lumps falling into the spaces between such concaved surfaces and the neighboring resistance-bar, as shown by dotted lines 40 in Fig. 5, would not slip out from between the edge of the concaved bar and the resistance-bar, but would be crushed by the oscillatory movement of the bars, and the fragments would fall down between the bars through the grate. The dotted lines 41, Fig. 5, represent a lump resting on the upper surface of a resistance-bar, and an oscillatory bar. Such a lump would remain in the position shown while the bars are being oscillated by a movement of the shaker-bar 19 to the left until a neighboring edge of the oscillatory bar passed from under the lump, whereupon the lump would occupy a position relatively to the oscillatory and resistance bars like that of the lump 40, after which an oscillatory movement of the bar in the opposite direction would crush it, as before described, whereas if the concaved surface was a plane surface the lump would be more likely to slide upward from between the stationary and oscillatory bars without being crushed, or would be only partially crushed, requiring a prolonged shaking operation to pass the lumps Vdown through the grate. By having the sides concaved the operation is accomplished much more speedily and with greater certainty. It sometimes happens that clinkers and lumps will form of sufficient size to prevent their passing readily through the large openings between the oscillatory grate-bars of the dumping-section, in which a lump might assume the position shown by the dotted lines 42 in Fig. 4. By having the sides of these oscillatory bars concaved the lump would be caught between the sharp edges of the bars and crushed sufficiently to pass through the opening upon giving the bars two or three oscillatory movements.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the bars are shown oscillated at an angle of forty-five degreesand in Figs. 6 and 7 at an angle oftwenty-two and one-half degrees, which diagrammatically represent two of the differing relativepositions assumed by the neighboring oscillatory grate-bars during their crushing movements.

The grate-bars are provided with teeth 50, affording spaces 51 between the teeth through which the air passes up to the lire.

The rear table 52 is supported by the side bars 7 of the grate-frame and may contain more or less draft-openings 53. The front table 54 extends from the grate out to the front wall ofthe furnace in two sections.

The wall-bars 55 and 56 are detachably inserted between the sides of the grate and the furnace-walls, and may be adapted to resist the end thrust of the grate-bars.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A furnace-grate comprising a back section of relatively large area made up of relatively wide oscillatory grate-bars, a front section of relatively small area made up of relatively narrow oscillatory grate-bars, and

means for communicating oscillatory movements to the bars of either section independently of the other, substantially as described.

2. A furnacerate comprising a back section made up o parallel oscillatory bars; a front section made up of parallel bars which are alternately stationary and oscillatory, and means for communicating oscillatory IIO movements to the movable bars of either section independently of the other, substantially as described.

3. A furnace-grate comprising a back section made up of grate-bars parallel with each other and oscillatory to present relatively large openings through the grate, a front section made up of grate-bars parallel With each other and oscillatory to present relatively small openings through the grate7 and means for communicating oscillatory movements to the bars of either section independently of the other, substantially as described.

4. A furnace-grate comprising a back section made up of grate-bars parallel With each other and oscillatory to present relatively large grate-openings, a front section made up of movable and stationary grate-bars alternating7 and parallel, With each other, the movable bars being oscillatory to present relatively small grate-openings, and means for communicating oscillatory movements to the movable bars of either section independently of the other, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 25 my hand this 14th day of August, 1903.

, SPENCER NEEMES. Witnesses:

GEO. A. MosHER, FRANK C. CURTIS.

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