US800370A - Magnetic separator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 800,370. PATENI'ED SEPT. 26, 1905.

C. M. GREEN.

MAGNBTIG SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 17, 1901.

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MW EYWV .No. 000,070. PATENTBD SEPT.26,1905.. I

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MAGNETIC SBPARATOR.

' APPLIOATION FILED OCT. 17, 100-1.

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No. 300,370. PATENTED SEPT. 26, 1905. 0. M. GREEN. MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

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No.800,370. v PATBNTED 8131 126 1905. 0. M. GREEN.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED 00T.17, 1901.

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CHARLES M. GREEN," on LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR' TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF New YORK.

MAGNETIC SEE'PAR'ATOR:

To all whom it may concern Beit known that LOHARLEs M.- GREEN, a citizen of the United States, residing-at Lynn,

in the county of Essex, State of Massachu setts, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in lVIagneticSeparators, of which the following is a-specification.

The present invention relates-to magnetic separators designed particularlyforeuse in machine-shops and foundries i-for separating,

iron from brass, copper, babbitt, and other turnings. or chips of a like nature.

The invention may also be employed in separating iron ore from other forelgn part1-.

cles.

aseparator which is capable of handling metal particles of various kinds and-configurations and separating the iron from the remainder and this in an eflicient and inexpensive manner.

The scope of my fully set forth and claimed hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings,.which illus trate a form of my invention,-Figure 1 is a side elevation of a magnetic separator broken away in parts. Fig. 2is also a side elevation of the separator broken away in parts, but viewed from a point opposite to that of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation. Fig.4 is a detail view of a modified form of driving mechanism. Fig. 5 is a plan view. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section taken on line 6 6 of-Fig. 1L

4. The rear posts are extended above the beams 1 in order to'form a support for certain of the operating. parts: of the separator,

Situated above the main frame is a secondary and smaller frame, which supports the hopperand certain other parts of the vseparator. The

secondary frame consists of side beams 5 and the front beam 6. The frontend of this frame is supported by short vertical posts 7,

Specification of Letters-Patent; Application filed Oetoberl'l, 1901. Serial m w.

The object of theinvention is to provide invention will be more.

Patented Sept. '26, 1905;

fWlliGll rest on the main side beams 1, and the rear'end by the posts 4, whichsupport the main frame, theparts being secured together .inany desired manner. Extending from the junctions of the beams 6 and the posts 7 to the junctions of the beams 1 andthe front posts '3 are inclined braees r8. Thesebracesialso act as supportsfor certain of the parts :to be hereinafter described. The inclined braces 8 are bolted at the top and bottom to the fram'e.- By detaching these braces the mags net can be readily removed for inspection-or repairs withoutdisturbing the main parts of.

.the frame.

The separator consists, essentially, of a revolving magnet 9, having a covering of-nonmagnetic materialya rotating brush-wheel 10; a motive-power agencyll, such as an electric motor, and a hopper 12, for receiving.-

and distributing the-metal: and other particles over the surface of the magnet.

The construction of the magnet is best shown.

in Figs. 6, 9, and 10. The shaft-l3 for the magnet is mounted in bearings 14, which are secured to the side beams 1 and to the vertical beams Y. The bearings 14, in addition to" rigid. One end of the shaft is provided with a sprocket-wheel 15 and is geared to brushshaft 36 by a sprocket-chain 16. The brushshaft is geared to the electric motor. Mounted on the shaft 13 is an electromagnet comprising a coil 17 and two steel castings 18 and 19, which areunited by the bolts 20. The two parts of thecore are similar in construction, each being provided with a hub 21,'which is secured to the shaft by set-screws or keys in the ordinary manner. Extendingoutwardfrom the hub is a web 22, which is divided near its outer edge into a series of arms 23," which form the pole-pieces.

24 to receive the coil 17 From this socket each arm or pole-piece extends in two directions, as is clearly indicated in Figs. 6 and" 10, the portion of the pole-piece on one side the ends of the short poles of one portion oc- Eaeh part of the core is provided with a socket or receptacle.

on py the same transverse plane as the ends of I from the side beam 1. a By inclosing the gears the long poles of the second member. By reason of this arrangement all of the poles occupy such positions that they will act on all of the material dropped on the drum. The long and short pole-pieces of the core are tapped, as at 25, to receive the screws 26, which hold the end plates 27 in place. These end plates prevent the material from the hopper falling down between the ends of the drum and the frame. Mounted on the end plates are contact- rings 28 and 29. These contactrings are connected to the energizing-coil 17 by flexible leads. Surrounding the arms of the magnet is a thin metal cylinder 35 of nonmagnetic material. In-constructing the magnet the coil 17 is separately wound and insulated, and the portions of the core 18 and 19 are machined in the ordinary manner, after which the parts are assembled and secured by bolts 20. The coil makes a snug fit in the sockets and is thus prevented from shifting in any direction under the action of the appa' ratus. As an additional retaining means the ribs 30, which connect the several arms of each half of the magnet, are arranged to engage with the end faces of the coil. In addition to acting as a coil-retaining means, the ribs furnish a path for the magnetic lines of force and also strengthen the structure as a whole.

The magnet is continuously energized while the apparatus is in operation, and for that reason it is necessary to provide some means for mechanically removing the iron particles from the brass drum or cylinder 35, which surrounds the pole-pieces, the said particles being held by the magnetism due to the coil 17. In the present instance I have shown a rotating brush or wiper 10, comprising a shaft 36, a drum 37, and a plurality of removable wings 38, made of some flexible materialsuoh as leather, for example. These wings are retained in place by detachable pieces 39, that extend parallel with the shaft. The brush is so set with respect to the cylinder and is provided with such a number of arms that it will remove all of the iron from the periphery of the magnet as they are revolved. In order to compensate for the wear of the brush-wings, the bearings 40 are made adjustable, so that they can be moved toward or away from the cylinder. This feature is best illustrated in Fig. 2. One end of the brush-shaft 86 is extended outward beyond the side framebeams 1, Figs. 5 and 6, and is provided with a sprocket-wheel 41, by means of which motion is transmitted to the shaft of the magnet by the sprocket-chain 16. On the end of the shaft is mounted a spur-gear 42, which meshes with a pinion 43, the latter being mounted on the end of the armature-shaft of the electric motor 11. The gears are inclosed in a gearcasing 44, which is supported by brackets 45 in this manner all danger due to particles of metal dropping into the gear-teeth is obviated, and by placing the gear-casing outside of the sprocket there is no chance for the clothing of the workmen to be caught in the teeth. On the opposite end of the brush-shaft is a crank 46, Figs. 2 and 3, to which is pivotally secured a connecting-rod 47, that is employed to shake or oscillate the hopper 12. The means employed for this purpose are best shown in Fig. 8. The hopper is provided at its rear end with a bracket 48, which is provided with an opening to receive the vertically-extending bolt 49, the latter being mounted in an angleiron 50 and retained in place by suitable nuts. The angle-iron is mounted on the support of the electric motor. The right-hand side of the hopper, as viewed from the back, Fig. 3, is provided with a downwardly-extending plate 51. To this plate is hinged a connecting-rod 52. The left-hand end of this rod is pivotally connected to the bell-crank lever 53. which in turn is supported by the U-shaped hanger 54, Fig. 2. The outwardly-extending arm of the bell-crank lever is provided with a series of holes to permit of the adjustment of the connecting-rod 47. By changing the position of the connecting-pivot of the rod with respect to the center of the bell-crank lever the lateral movement of the hopper can be varied. For different kinds of work it will be found desirable to use different adjustments of this rocking device.

The electric motor for driving the apparatus is mounted on a base which in turn is bolted to the rear posts 4 and forms a support or brace therefor. The motor itself is provided with four feet, and these feet are bolted to the support 55. By means of this construction the motor is out of the way and all danger and inconvenience of traveling belts is obviated. At the same time the floor-space occupied by the apparatus is n'iaterially reduced. This arrangement is also highly desirable, as it permits of the installation of the separator at any convenient point without regard to the arrangement of the shafting in the shop. On the back of the support 55 is a small switch 56 for controlling the circuit of the motor. It will be seen that the brushshaft is directly geared to the motor and that the magnet and hopper receive motion therefrom. By reason of this arrangement I am enabled to make a compact machine and also to reduce the number of parts, and consequently the cost of production.

The hopper is provided with a downwardlyextending chute or spout 51 for distributing the particles of material to be separated on the periphery of the magnet-drum. Extending underneath the chute is a U-shaped support 58, which is secured 1n any suitable The ends of the support are provided with rings for receiving the supporting-links 59, the latter being supported at their outer ends from the side beams 5. These parts are arranged to make a relativelyloose fit, so that the hopper can be rocked from side to sideby the bell-crank lever 53 in the manner described. The two links 59 constitute a parallel-motion device by means of which the end of the spout is permitted to moveover the drum from side to side.

In order to prevent the metal particles from leaving the hopper too rapidly, an adjustable gate 60 is provided, Fig. 2. The gate consists of a fiat piece of metal which is provided with thumb-screws 65, that work in slots formed in thefront of the hopper. The lower end of the adjustable piece may be provided witha seriesof prongs. or fingers, if desired. Located in the chute are small metal plates 66, Fig. 2, having upturned ends. These assist in separating or breaking up the mass of metal as it is" delivered byfthe hopper.

The end of the chute is provided with a series of fingersor serrations 67, as indicated in plan in Fig. 5. The object of this arrangement is to distribute the metal particles more evenly over the surface of the drum than would be the case if the end were'made square. Secured to the inclined braces 8 on the front of the separator are mixers consisting of U- shaped pieces of spring metal 68, which, en-

' gaging with the small masses of metal and surface of the drum.

other material held thereby on the periphery of the drum, tend to break them up and distribute the material more evenly over the In the present instance three of these devices are shown; but the number may be varied to suit the character of the materials to be'separated. Situated in front of the drum is a hopper 69 for di recting the downward passage of the nonmagnetic metal andforeign matter into the front bin 70. The front bin is arranged to receive the non-magnetic material, while the rear bin 71 receives the magnetic material.

In order to prevent the .magnetic material from being deflected by the magnetism of the drum into the bin after it has been removed by the brush, spring-pressed deflectors 7 2 are provided, which are situated below the drum in bin 71. two such devices are provided; but the number can be varied to suit the conditions. In event of any large mass of material being retained on the surface of the drum as it revolves the deflectors will give way by bending backward and permit the same to pass, after which they will return to the position shown.

In Fig. 7 I have shown-a sectional view of the brush-holders employed to convey current from the main circuit to the energizingcoil of the electromagnet. The verticallyextending post 7 is slotted or bored to receive In the present instance spring-pressed plunger 75 can drop and hold the box in place. This spring-pressed plunger isinclosed in a metal bushing or thimble 76, which is connected to the circuit-wire 77 and is shown in Fig. 8. I The end of the brushbox adjacent to the revolving magnet is pro vided with a shoulder, and surrounding this shouldered portion is an insulating-bushing 78 to reduce the liability of short-circuiting. The carbon brush is pressed toward the contact-ring on the magnet-drum by a coil-spring 79. The brush-box is provided with a bandle 80, by means of which it can be inserted or withdrawn from the opening in the post 7Q In some instances it may be found desirable to drive theapparatus'from a power-shaft and also to employ'the same shaft for driving the generator furnishing current to the magnet. To accomplish this, the magnetshaft 13 is extended, as shown in Fig. 4, and

mounted on the end thereof is a grooved pulley 81, which is retained by the bolt 82. In this case the motorll would be driven as a generator through gearing, ply current to the magnet.

In operating my improved separator the mixture is placed in the hopper. and as the hopper is shaken by the connecting-rod 47 and other parts the mixture is slowly distributed over the periphery of the revolving magnet. The non-magnetic metalssuch as brass,-copper,. and Babbitt, and dirt, if there be any--dr0p into the front bin immediately below the magnet, while the magnetic material, such as iron, adheres to the surface of the drum and is carried around to the back or opposite side of the magnet and removed by the revolving brush. With ordinary dry mixtures the different metals have iittle or no tendency to stick together, and the separation will be complete the first time they are passed through the apparatus; but in mixtures containing coiled'pieces that stick-together it will sometimes happen that iron will carry with it some brass, thus requiring that the metal from the rear compartment shall be passed through the separator a second time. Mixtures containing coiled pieces sticking together and having some oil on them, together with fine iron, w1ll' require to be passed through the apparatus several times in order that all the magnetic and non-magnetic materials may be separated. Oily mixtures may frequently be improved by mixing with dry mixtures for the purpose of absorbing the oil. Small particles of iron will sometimes stick to heavy brass pieces and small brass pieces will sometimes stick to heavy pieces of iron and be carried into the wrong bin. For this reason it is desirable to pass the mixture through the apparatus more than once where complete separation is desired.

as shown, to sup IIOv Some of the mixtures described above are very hard to separate; but 1 have found that t it pays very well to pass the material through the separator a number of times. the materials in the separate bins are passed he .her 1 through the apparatus more than once will the material to be se airated, means to break up masses of the material before leaving the hopper, a second hopper for guiding thematerial, and mixers extending across the face of the magnet within said second hopper for breaking up masses of the material.

in a magi'ietic separator, the combination of a revolving magnet, a hopper, and a plu- 1 rality of spring-metal pieces held near said one hundred and ten complete throws peri minute. \Vith ordinary mixtures, such as will be found in the average machine-shop, the separator will handle lifteen pounds per minute.

I have illustrated and described my improved separator as being intended for separating metal chips of one kind from another, such as are found in machineshops and foundries; but it is Within the scope of my inven tion to utilize the same apparatus for sepa-- rating iron ore from other metals and impurities, and I aim to embrace such a use in the claims.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

interlocking core-bodies having pole-pieces formed thereon, a coil incloscd by said core- 1 magnet and parallel thereto for breaking up masses of the metal being separattal.

G. in a magnetic separator, the combination of a revolving magnet, a hopper for feeding material to be separated to the magnet, sprin meial pieces extending across the face of the magnet adjacent thereto for distribiuing the. metal over the surface of the magnet as it revolves, and a second hopper for receivingand directing the passage of the non-magnetic materials.

T. As an article of manulacturc, a magnet comprising a shaft, a two-part core, each part being provided with a hub and a plurality of radial arms, the arms of one part alternating with those of the other, a coil mounted in pockets formed in the arms, and bolts l'orsei curing the coil and the parts of the core in 1. In a magnetic separator, a frame, a magnet mounted thereon comprisn'ig two similar 2. In a magnetic separator, the combination 1 of a frame, an electromagnct mounted therei on comprising two similar interlocking corebodies having pole-pieces formed thereon and a coil inclosed by said core-l'mdies, a non-magnetic cover for said magnet, contact devices for conveying current to the magnet, a hopper pivotally supported at one end, means for moving the hopper to distribute the material to be separated over the magnet, means in the hopper for breaking up masses of material, means for breaking up masses of material after leaving the hopper, and a revolving brush for removing the magnetic material from the magnet. 1

3. In a magnetic separator, a frame, a revolving electromagnet mounted thereon comprising two similar interlocking core-bodies 1 having pole-pieces formed thereon, a coil inclosed by said core-bodies, means for connecting the coil in circuit, a hopper movably mounted at one end, means for moving the hopper to distribute the material to be sepurated over the magnet, a revolving brush for removing the magnetic material from thei magnet, and means for driving the magnet and ticles of material detached by the brush from brush.

et. In a magnetic separator, the combination of a revolving magnet, a hopper for feeding t l l l place.

in combination, a pair of similar corebodies, each being provided with a plurality of pole-pieces, which are longer on one side of their supporting-wel than on the other, a. coil-pocket formed in each part of the corebody, and bolts which pass through the bodies and hold them aml the coil in place.

.l. in combination, a pair of similar corebodies, each having a plurality of pole-pieces extending from points around a cylindrical web and parallel with the axis of rotation. the pole-pieces ol the two partsalternating when assembled, in such manner that. the short ends of the pole-pieces of one body occupy the same transverse plane as the long ends of the other body, an energizing-coil, and plates which close in the ends of themagnet and are carried by the parts of the core.

10. In comhii'iation, a pair ol'eorc-bodies of similar construction, each having pole-pieces which extend at right. angles to the supporting-web, a coil-socket forn'ied by the two parts of the core, a coil, and end plates for closing in the ends of the magnet which are each secured partly to the pole-pieces of one corebody and partly to the other.

11. in a magnetic separator, the combination of a magnet, a brush, bins for magnetic and non-magnetic material, and a springpressed dellector capable of moving backward and situated below the shaft of the magnet, and lag-tween the brush and the bin for nonmagnetic material, for preventing the parbeing carried into the last-mentiontal bin.

12. in a magnetic separator, the combination of a magnet, a brush, bins for magnetic and non-magnetic material, and a plurality of springpressed deflectors situated in proximity to the magnet-d rum for preventing particles of material detached by the brush from entering the bin containing non-magnetic material.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 11th day of October", 1901.

CHARLES M. GREEN.

Witnesses:

DUGALD MoK. MOKILLOP, ALEX F. MACDONALD.

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