US770087A - Automatic check and release mechanism for hoisting apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

0. DE MOOOMBLE. I AUTOMATIC CHECK AND RELEASE MECHANISM FOR HOISTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11, 1902 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

NO MODEL.

farlaifiefi/wwziiq Inventor,

Aorne gs.

Winesses A No. 770,087.

PATBNTED SEPT. 13, 1904 0. DE MOGOMBLE.

AUTOMATIC CHECK AND RELEASE MECHANISM FOR'HOISTING APPARATUS.

" APPLICATION PILED SEPT. 11, 1902.

3-SEBETSBHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

6 m 1 m A 0m M w; w e W m No. 770,087. PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904. C. DE MOCOMBLE.

AUTOMATIC GHEGK AND RELEASE MECHANISM FOR HOISTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11 1902. N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

manlesfie flfiawwiie, nven r Witnesses:

QTSUM By W Attorneys Patented September 13, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

- CHARLES DE MOGOMBLE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

AUTOMATIC CHECK AND RELEASE MECHANISM FOR HOISTING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 770,087, dated September 13, 1904.

Application filed September 11, 1902. $eria1 No. 122,941. (No model.)

To (1, whom (it may concern:

- Be it known that I, CHARLES DE MooonBLE, a citizen of the French Republic, residing in Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Automatic Check and Release Mechanism for Hoisting Apparatus, (this invention having been patented in France, No. 319,307, March 5, 1902, and in Great Britain, No. 18,761, August 26, 1902,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention consists in an automatic brake mechanism that can be operated from a distance with all possible precision, permitting, when requirechthe effecting of the descent partly or wholly with certain speed in such manner as to lessen the time of action, yet completing it with the required precision, owing to the right and left movement under the action of the moving force. Moreover,the brake givesno resistance to the ascent, yet being always and immediately engaged when the moving force ceases. It realizes, in fact, the last conditions. The pressure of the brake instead of being produced by a counterweight, causing aforce independent of theload, is, on the contrary, proportional to the load. To this end the gearing of the winding-drum is suitably connected with controlling mechanism for the brake-shoes in such manner that the action of the load is transmitted by the intermediary of said mechanism upon the brakeshoes and causes the latter to be applied against the brake-drumwith a force which is therefore proportional to the amount of the load. On the other hand, it allows of the load being made to descend by the moving force remaining still under pressure, and this without requiring more work in the descent than in the ascent. The said mechanism is so con structed as to check with great precision the movement in raising and lowering by producing a certain amount of brake-friction, which may be adjusted nicely to the weight of the load, so that the latter may be brought quickly and accurately to the exact point required.

The invention maybe constructed in various way; but in order to illustrate the principles thereof I have shown in the necessary drawings, below described, two forms of the mechanism suitable for different constructions.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical medial section of one form of the mechanism shown as connected with the motor-shaft of the hoisting apparatus. Fig. 2 is a transverse section thereof taken on the line 1. Fig. 3 is a section similar to Fig. 1 of another form of the apparatus of the mechanism. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line 2 of Fig. 3. Figs. 5, 6, 7 are fragmentary sections, on an enlarged scale, of the central portion of Fig. 2, with the body of the pinion b omitted, showing the parts in the position of hoisting, releasing, and lowering, respectively. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a complete hoisting apparatus having my device attached thereto constructed as in Fig. 1.

I will first refer to Fig. 8 in order to show how the apparatus is mounted. In this figure 9 designates a base or frame having mounted thereon an electric motor 10, the shaft Z whereof is journaled in pedestals 11 12. Above the pedestals 12 are arched-shaped pedestals 13 14:, which carry journaled therein the shaft j of a winding-drum 15. On the ends of the two shafts 'j' and Z are mounted, respectively, a spur-gear Zr and a spur-pinion (Z, meshing therewith. This apparatus forms no part of my invention, but is merely given by way of illustration of a typical hoisting mechanism; but while in the ordinary apparatus the pinion (Z is secured first to the shaft Zand driven thereby in my apparatus it is loosely mounted on the shaft Z and only driven through the intermediary of the mechanism 16 comprising my invention. The check and release mechanism 16 is mounted between the pedestal-12 and an outboard bearing pedestal 17, rising from the base-plate 9. The motorshaft Z may be extended through the mechanism 16 and supported in the pedestal 17, if desired; but I prefer to mount the latter in most cases on an independent coaxial shaft Z, which turns in the bearing of the pedestal 17.

The mechanism comprises, first, a brakedrum or pulley a, mounted to turn loosely on the shaft Z and having an outer and an inner brake-surface; secondly, a brake-strap a, surrounding the drum n and attached at one end to a pin 18, mounted in bearing-lugs 19, on which pin is also pivoted a weight-lever e, carrying a weight 20 and having a cross-pin 21, around which is looped the other end of the strap a, (see Fig. 2;) thirdly, a beam 0,. centrally bored and mounted on the shaft Z and keyed thereto, and automatic brake apparatus carried thereby, and, fourthly, a small pinion Z, either mounted separately on the shaft l or, as shown, formed integrally with the pinion a and operating in connection with the automatic brake mechanism carried by the beam 0.

The brake mechanism carried by the beam 0 comprises a pair of gear-segments e and 0, having hubs 22 journaled in the ends of the beam 0, these gear-segments meshingwith the teeth of the pinion Z, and a pair of brakeshoes d and p, which are pivoted on pins 9" and s, set eccentrically in the hubs 22 of the gearsegments e and o. The points g are the centers or axes of rotation of the gear-segments e and o, and therefore of the pins 1" and s. It will be seen, therefore, by rotation of the pinion Z in one direction with respect to the beams o the shoes d and p will be withdrawn from the inner circumference of the drum n, and when rotated in the other direction the shoes will be pressed against the brake-drum, these directions being, as shown in the drawing in Fig. 2, clockwise, respectively. The gear-segments e and o are preferably provided with stop-lugs in, engaging with bosses on the shoes d and j.

On the extreme end of the shaft l, which projects beyond the pinion Z, are formed or keyed a pair of oppositely-radial lugs f. (See Figs. 5, 6, and 7 With these lugs and engaged thereby are a pair of similar lugs i and h, projecting laterally from the pinion Z, and another pair of similar lugs g, projectinglaterally from the hub of the beam 0.

The apparatus as thus described operates as follows, supposing the hoisting to take place in the clockwise direction, as viewed in the transverse section, Figs. 2, 5, 6,'and 7 First ease-Lifting apparatus allowing descent of the load uncle 1' Z ra/ee and speed with sup p leinentapp control forp reoiszon.

1. .lfoisting, (see Fig. 5. )--During the hoisting movement the motor-axle l turns in such a direction that the key f tends to make the pinion Z act upon the sectors e and o in the proper direction for releasing the brakeshoes d and p from the brake-drum n. As shown in the drawings, this rotation takes place in the direction of the arrow 00. Under these conditions the key f strikes the stops h and i of the pinion Z and carries the latter immediate and complete release of the brake blocks. To prevent the brake-blocks d p as they revolve from being caused by centrifugal force to bear against the pulley, l have provided the stops 1n, which limit the extent of their oscillation.

2. Stop, (see Fig. 6.)VVhen the motor stops, the load acting on the gearing tends to make them turn in the opposite direction, and then the pinion Z, acted on by the key f, moves the two segments d p, which owing to the eccentric action press the brake-blocks d p against the interior of the pulley n, which is held stationary by the loaded brake-band. Even allowing for wear of the brake-blocks, the movement of the pinion Z will never exceed twenty-five millimeters, which implies a movement of the load absolutely negligible, so that it may be said that the stoppage takes place at the moment when the load tends to descend. Again, as there is no braking until the load tends to descend there is no velocity of any of the parts, and consequently no shock due to dynamical effects are to be apprehended. In this case the load controls the brake, applying it in proportion to its tangential stress on the pinion a, which is an especially fortunate advantage of this system.

3. Descent, (see Fig. 7 )fVV hen the descent is to be effected, it is sufficient, as in working an automatic loaded hand-brake, to raise the brake-weight 20. The brake resistance on the exterior circumference of the pulley n becoming less than the tangential stress of the brake-blocks on the interior, the whole of the gear can put itself in motion under the action of the load, the speed of which can be regulated as desired by acting with more or less force on the brake-weight 20.

Second oase.-T he action should at first Ze at speed allowing the load to recoil. T he load is to he Zronght emactlg to a p redetenmined leoel. T he ascent and the stoppage ape efieeted antler the same conditions. The only (life Pence is in the descending monement.

that due to the load should be slightly greater than the friction of the blocks on the pulley.

In this manner the load, being always under the immediate and continuous action of the brake, will descend as slowly as desired, its speed being then absolutely dependent on that of the moving force.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and 4 represents, as I have said, a modification of antomatic brake allowing right and left movement and capable of being controlled from a distance by the motor. This is the case, for instance, in drawbridges having three motions in which, if the brake is to be controlled from a distance, the raising of the brake- Weight (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) presents certain difficulties and may incur certain dangers in case of an action at the wrong time. In order to meet these special conditions, I have aimed to render the action of the brake absolutely dependent on the motor, which thus automatically regulates the speed of descent, while still leaving the load under the immediate action of the brake. The general conditions to be realized are therefore the same as in the first two cases, with the difference, nevertheless, that the brake is always controlled by the motor in the descent as well as in the ascent. In this form the motor-shaft Z, the lugs f, pinions a and b, the shaft y, gear-wheel it, and the other parts not forming a part of the invention may be the same as before; but in this case the rotatable drum n is replaced by a fixed drum 12, mounted on the standard 17, which takes the place of the pedestal 17 and has a central bearing 23, in which is journaled the stub-shaft y, which is coaxial with the motor-shaft Z and has the beam 0 keyed thereon, which latter carries segments 6 and 0 and the shoes d and p, arranged the same as in Figs. 1 and 2. In this case I may provide gear-casing .2, adapted to inclose the gears of the hoisting apparatus, and automatic check and release. mechanism to prevent the entrance of moisture.

I need not here repeat the previous description, as the same phenomena present themselves under the same conditions.

It is to be observed that the lever c has been said in the specification of the two forms of my invention before described to be keyed on the shaft Z or yin line with the shaft Z, but independent of it, so as to avoid the difficulty of adjusting several bearings in line.

While I have shown in the accompanying drawings the preferred form of my invention, it will be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise form shown, for many of the details may be changed in form or position without affecting the operativeness or.

utility of my invention, and I therefore reserve the right to make all such modifications as are included within the scope of the following claims or of mechanical equivalents to the structures set forth.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. An automatic check and release mechanism comprising a rotating driving element, a coaxially -rotating driven element freely mounted with respect to said driving element,

a third coaXially-mounted element, interlocking lugscarried' by all three elements, a brake -drum, brake-shoes carried by the extremities of said third element and adapted to be pressed against said brake drum, and means connecting said brake-shoes with said driven element for operating said shoes to withdraw them from the periphery of the brake-drum on the advance movement of said driven element, in which case it is driven directly by said driving element, and to force the brake-shoes against the peripheries of said brake-drum with a force proportional to the load when the driven element ceases to be actuated by said driving element.

2. An automatic check and release mechanism comprising a rotatable driving element, a coaxially -mounted driven element loose with respect to the latter, a third coaxiallymounted element, interlocking lugs carried by all three elements, a gear-pinion carried by said driven element, a pair of gear-segments journaled in the ends of said third element and meshing with said pinion, a pair of brake-shoes eccentrically mounted on said gear-segments, and a drum against which said brake-shoes are adapted to be pressed.

3. An automatic check and release mechanism comprising a rotating driving-shaft, a driven element loosely mounted thereon, a beam mounted to rotate coaXially with said shaft, a gear -pinion carried by said driven element, a pair of gear-segments journaled in the ends of said beam and meshing with said pinion, a pair of brake-shoes eccentrically journaled on the respective gear-segments, interlocking radial lugs .on the shaft, the driven element,and the beam respectively, and a drum having an internal periphery against which said brake-shoes are adapted to be pressed.

4. An automatic check and release mechanism comprising a rotating driving-shaft, a

driven element loosely mounted thereon, a beam mounted to rotate coaXially with said shaft, a gear-pinion carried by said driven element, a pair of gear-segments journaled in the ends of said beam and meshing with said pinion, a pair of brake-shoes eccentricall y journaled on the respective gear-segments, interlocking radial lugs on the shaft, the driven element and the beam respectively, a rotatable brake-drum having an inner periphery against which said brake-shoes are adapt-

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