US769931A - Carving-machine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION rum) JAN. 12, 1904.

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1 ATTORNEY.

WITNESSES M No. 769,931. PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1904.

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No. 769,931. PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904. G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 12, 1904.

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No. 769,981. I PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904. G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1904. N0 MODEL. V 4 SHEETS-SHEET L TNITED STATES Patented September 13, 1904.

GEORGE A. BAGHURST, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CARVING-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,931, dated September 13, 1904. Application filed January 12, 1904. Serial No, 188,774- \No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. BAGHURST, a citizen of the United States. residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Carving-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention resides in a carving-machine whereby carvings in wood, plaster, and other materials may be made or reproduced from patterns or models. This reproduction may consist in producing a carving either larger than or smaller than the pattern or model, and,'furthermore, the reproductions may be the reverse of the pattern'or model or either larger or smaller than the model or, of course, of the same size. Furthermore, one or a plurality of reproductions may be simultaneously made, part of them being enlargements or reductions and part reverse-carvings, if desired.

My invention consists of apparatus for carrying out the aforementioned operations and resides also in structural features hereinafter pointed out and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a general plan view of the carving-machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, partly in. section. Fig. 3 is a side view, partly in section, of the support for the toolcarrying arm. Fig. 4 is a front view, partly in section, of the same. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the tool-head as mounted on the tool-carrying arm. Fig. 6 is an end elevational view, partly in section, of the toolhead as cooperating with the tool-carrying arm. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the guide and cross-head of the reversing attachment. Fig. 8 is an end view of Fig. 7, showing the guide in section. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the feeler attachment. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the independent tables and the mechanism connecting them. Fig. 11 is an end view, partly in section, of the same parts shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a modification for securing the reversed movement of the arms. Figs. 13 and 14 are further modifications of means for securing the reversed motion of the arms.

In the drawings, 1 represents the floor or a support for the carving-machine, the standards 2 and 3 resting thereon and supporting the fixed table 4, between which and the movable tables 5 and 5 are the rollers 6, 6, and 7, permitting the backward and forward movement of the tables 5 and 5 with the expenditure of a minimum amount of force. To the table 5 are secured by clamps, screws, gluing, or otherwise the pattern or model, as well as the material to be carved. These are represented by 8 and 9, 8 in this instance being the pattern or model and 9 representing a reverse-carving to be reproduced therefrom.

At the top of each of the two posts 3 is a bearing 10, in which the shafts 11 have a movement of rotation, thus permitting the rocking of the frame 12. Each shaft 11 is secured to one end of the frame 12, which is to all intents and purposes of a girder or beam construction. It consists of top and bottom members 13. (Shown in section in Fig. 2.) These members 13 are channel-shaped or otherwise grooved to permit the longitudinal adjustment therein of the pivotal supports of each of the tool-carrying arms 14 and 15. Each of the tool-carrying arms has two bearing- hubs 16 and 17. (Shown in section in Fig. 2.) These hubs bear upon and embrace the members 18 and 19, respectively, (also shown in section in Fig. 2,) and are the members which are movable longitudinally in the frame 12 for the purpose of changing the position of the pivotal supports of the tool-carrying arms. For this purpose members 18 and 19 are integral with the supporting and adjustable frame, having sides 18 18, engaging in members 13 13, and having sides 19 19. Concentric with the hubs 16 and 17 and extending through the centers of the members 18 and 19 is the vertical shaft 20, to which are secured the two pulleys 21 and 22.

23 is the driving-belt running over pulley 21 and the pulley 24:, which latter is secured to the power-shaft 25, having bearings at 26 and 27 Each of the tool-carrying arms is so equipped with pulleys, bearings, hubs, members slidable in frame 12, driving-belt, and driving-pulley. For example, the arm 14: is supplied at its pivoted end with pulleys 28 and 29, driving-belt 30, and driving-pulley 31.

In the outer end'of the arm 15 is a pulley 32, secured to the vertical spindle 33, in the lower end of which is secured the feeler or carvingtool 34. The spindle 33 is mounted and has bearings in the tool-head 35, (shown in section in Fig. 6,) which embraces the upper and lower sections 36 and 37 of the arm 15. For rigidity these members 36 and 37 are connected together at their outer end by the strap or member 38. The lower member 37 is divided, as shown in Fig. 6, to permit the longitudinal movement of the spindle 33 along the arm 15. For clamping the tool-head at any desired position along the arm 15 are supplied the set-screws 39. Running over the pulley 22 and the pulley 32 is the belt 40.

In order to conveniently and promptly tighten the belt 40 in the cases where the toolhead 35 is adjusted to positions nearer the pivotal end of the arm 15 are supplied the fixed idler 41 and the adjustable idler 42. Idler 41 has a bearing in the arm or extension 43, secured to the arm 15. Pivoted to the arm 15 at 44 is the movable arm 45, in whose outer 'end is mounted the idler 42. 45 is an are or segmentsecured to the arm 15 and serves for clamping the arm .45 in diiferent positions. It is thus seen that the belt 40, running over these idlers, may be tightened for any position of the tool-head 35.

At the outer end of the arm 15 may be secured a handle 46 as a convenientmeans for grasping and guiding the feeler or carvingtool. Such handle can also be supplied to any or all of the tool-carrying arms.

47 is a belt running over pulley 29 and pulley 48, secured in tool-head 49, capable of longitudinal adjustment along the arm 14. The pulley 48 drives a spindle and carving-tool, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the tool-head 49 and the arm 14 being similar to tool-head 35 and arm 15, as heretofore described. The belt 47 passes over idlers 41 and 42, whose purpose has been described.

Midway between the pivotal supports of the arms 14 and 15 there is secured to the rocking frame 12 the guide-bar 50, extending at right angles to the axis of said frame 12. This guide 50 is secured to the frame 12 by bolts, clamps, or any suitable means, it being essential that the bar 50 be always secured midway between the pivotal support of the arms, such as 14 and 15, regardless of what may be the position of their pivotal supports'in the frame 12. The cross-section of this guide-bar 50 is T-shaped, as seen in Fig. 8. Adapted to re ciprocate longitudinally over this guide-bar 50 is provided the cross-head 51. Two similar bars or struts 54 and have pivotal bearing on the crossshead 51 at 52 and 53, respectively. The outer ends of the bars 54 and 55 are similarly pivoted to arms 14 and 15 at 56 and 57, respectively. In consequence of this link connection between the arms 14 and 15 any motion of thearm 15 about its pivotal support in the frame 12 is accompanied by similar'but opposite motion of the arm 14 about its pivotal support in the frame12 for the purpose of reproducing reversed carvings, as hereinafter described. To the rocking frame 12 there is secured also an arm or member 58, along which may be adjusted to any suitable position the counterweight 59. By this means the arms 14 and 15 and their appurtenances may be practically balanced about the axis of the shaft 11, .so that the feelers or carvingtools may be raised and lowered from and toward the table with great delicacy and with a consequent facility of control on the part of the operator.

The operation of the machine is as follows when reproducing a reversed carving of the same size as the pattern or model: With a feeler or tracer secured in the spindle 33 at the outer end of arm 15, having previously thrown off the belt 23, the model or pattern 8 is traced with the feeler or tracer 34 by the operator. In the correspondingspindle in the tool-head 49 at the outer end of the arm 14 is secured a cutting or carving tool driven by the pulley 48 through the medium of belts 47 and 30. By moving the tables 5 and 5' (clamped together for this purpose) backward and forward all cutting in the direction of the arrows at is accomplished. All cutting in the nature of increasing or decreasing the depth of the carvingthat is, all cutting in a vertical directionin the direction of the arrows cis accomplished in virtue of the rocking motion of the tool-carrying arm about the horizontal shafts 11, the feeler or tracer and the cutting-tools being raised and low- IIO the pattern or model 8, but that the carving in the material 9 is reversed and symmetrical with respect to the model 8. This reversing of the figureisdue to the rods 54 and 55, heretofore described. As the arm 15 moves in the direction of the arrow 03 thecross-head 52 moves in the direction of the arrow e, thus forcing the arm 14 in the direction of the arrow f, thus causing the cutting-tool carried by arm 14 to reproduce the motion of the feeler or tracer carried by arm 15, but in a reversed direction. To reproduce the model or pattern 8 on a smaller scale and at the same time reversed, it is simply necessary to move the tool-head 49 inwardly on the arm 14 toward the support in the frame 12 and at the same time tightening up the belt 47 oy means of the idlers 41 and 42, carried by arm 14. In this manner the breadth and the depth of the carving will be proportionately reduced. Since the carving tool will then be nearer the axis of the shafts 11,,the depth of the carving will be correspondingly decreased, because the vertical motion of the cutting-tool is proportionately decreased. Similarly, since the cuttingtool is then nearer the pivotal bearing of the arm 14 its motion in the direction of the arrow f will be proportionately decreased, thus proportionately decreasing the width of the carving; but with the movable tables 5 and 5 rigidly secured together, so that all parts move through equal distances, the length of this carving will be equal to the length of the model or pattern, thus giving, in effect, a long and slender design frequently sought after in practice. However, if it is also desired that the length of this reduced reversed carving shall be proportionately changed the moving tables are no longer socured together rigidly, but through the intervention of levers or links, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11. In Fig. 11 the two tables 5 and 5 are shown in cross-section. Secured to the under side of the table 5 is the member 60, carrying at its lower end the pivotpin'61, which engages in the slot 63 at the left-hand end of the lever 62, pivoted by the pin 64, secured in the upwardly-extending member 65, which is in turn secured to the cross-bar or member 66. In other words, the pivot 64 is fixed. 1n the right-hand end of lever 62 is a slot 62*, which embraces the pin 67 secured to the member 67, which has a linear motion parallel to-the direction of the movement of the tables, and is guided for such movement in a slot in the central web 4 of the table 4. Also embracing the pin 67 is the slot 68 in the lefthand end of the lever 69. At 70 is a pivotpin embraced by the slot 69 of the lever 69, such pin being secured to the member 71. In 71 engages, by ,screw-threads, the rod 72, on whose right-hand end is secured the handwheel 73. Said rod 72 has a bearing in the framing of the machine at 74, a collar being provided on the rod on either side of such frame. By turning the hand-wheel 73 the pivot-pin 7 0 may be adjusted as to its distance to the right or left. The member 71 is in turn secured to the member 75, which is capable of sliding over the bar 66, and is thus the means for holding fixed the pivot-pin 7 0 after having been adjusted to any desired position. The right-hand end of the lever 69 has a pivotal bearing on a pivot-pin 7 6, which is secured in the lower end of the member 77, secured to the under side of the table 5. By this system of pivots and levers the table 5 moves in the same direction as the table 5, but at a rate relativeto the motion of the table 5 dependent upon the position of the pivotpin 70. As the pivot-pin70 is brought nearer ble 5 with respect to the rate of the table 5 is made less and less. If, for example, it is I desired to reproduce a carving which shall be of three-quarters the length of the pattern or model, the hand-wheel 73 is turned until the member 75 is moved to the graduation-mark on the member 66 and opposite which is the character it or other suitable character. When in this position, the pivot-pin 70 is at the proper distance from the pivot-pin 76 to secure the proper relative motions of the tables 5 and 5. The graduation-marks on the member 66 are obtained by calibration and serve to facilitate adjustment for any desired reduction or enlargement. If at the same time it is desired that the width of the carving shall be three-quarters of the width of the pattern,'the tool-head 49 is moved along the arm 14 one-quarter of the distance between the center of the tool-head and the pivotal center of the arm in frame 12, as shown in Fig. 1. It is also possible to enlarge carvings by keeping the cutting-tool at the end of arm 14, for example, and placing the model or pattern 8 nearer the pivot of the arm 15 in the frame 12.

When it is desired to produce two carvings from a pattern or model, I remove the rods 54 and 55 and connect the points 56 and 57 together by means of the frame 78. (Shown in Fig. 9.) In such case both the arms 14 and 15 carry cutting-tools, while the frame 78 carries the feeler or tracer 7 9 for tracing the pattern or model.

Obviously I may add more arms for carrying cutting-tools, which may be connected together by any means securing the reversed carving or by means similar to the frame 78. For example, several other arms may be added beyond the arm 14 and interconnected with each other and the arm 14 by such means as the frame 78. Simultaneously the arms 14 and 15 may be connected together by the rods 54 and 55, so that the arm 14 and each of the additional arms will cause the production of carvings which are similar to each other, but the reverse of the pattern traced. by the tracer or feeler carried by the arm 15. It is obvious also that some of these additional arms may produce carvings of reduced size by the means heretofore explained. It is equally obvious that enlargements may be made by these additional arms.

In Fig. 12 is shown a modified means for causing the reversed motion of arm 14 with respect to the arm 15 for producing reversed carvings. To the arm 14 and concentric with its pivot-bearing in frame 12 is secured the wheel 80, and a similar wheel 81 is similarly secured to the arm 15. The two straps 82 and 83, of steel or other suitable material, are

secured to the rims of the wheels by means of suitable clamps 84. It is thus seen that the arm 14 will be controlled by the arm 15 to 5 the pivot-pin 76 the rate of travel of the ta- 1 move through equal angular distances. In

case it is desirable to separate the arms 14 and 15 by greater or less distance than shown the clamps 84 are loosened and the straps 82 and 83 drawn taut when the arms 14 and 15 have been adjusted to their new position, and then the clamps are again tightened.

In Fig.13 is a further modified means for causing the reversed motion of the arm 14 with respect to the arm 15. The member 85 is secured to the frame 12 midway between the arms 14 and 15. Approximate the outer end of the member 85 is the pivot 86, about which rotates the lever 87. 88 is a pivot-pin carried by the arm 87, and 89 is a pivot-pin in the arm 15. The rod 90 connects these two pivot-pins. Similarlythe rod 91 connects the two pivot-pins 92 and 93, carried by the lever 87 and the arm 14, respectively. By this means the arm 14 is caused to have a reversed angular movement with respect to the angular movement of the arm 15.

In Fig. 14 is shown afurther modified means for causing the reversed angular movement of arm 14 with regard to arm 15. Secured to the arm 14 concentrically with itspivot in the frame 12 is the member 94, carrying the toothed arc member- 95. Meshing with the teeth of the member are similar teeth on the portion 96, carried by the member 97, which is secured to the arm 15 concentrically with its pivotal mounting in the frame 12. In this manner the arm 15 drives the arm 14, but in an opposite direction. When it is desired to separate the arms 14 and 15 to greater distances, the members 94 and 97, which are telescopic, may be correspondingly adjusted,

so as to maintain engagement between the.

teeth on members 95 and 96 and at a point midway between the pivots of arms 14 and 15.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a carving-machine, a pivoted tool-carrying arm, a pivoted tracer-carrying arm, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from the pivotal supports of their respective carrying-arms, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of the arms toward and away from each other, and a connection between said arms, whereby the tracer and carving-tool describe similar paths.

2. In a carving-machine, a frame, a toolcarrying arm pivoted to said frame, a tracercarrying arm pivoted to said frame, means for adjusting the distance between the pivots of said arms, means for adjusting the tracer to different distances from the pivot of its supporting-arm, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

3. In acarvingmachine,a work-table, a pattern-table, means for causing said tables to travel at predetermined rates with respect to each other, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from the pivotal supports of the said arms, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of the arms toward and away from each other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

4. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivotally mounted in said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in said frame, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of the arms toward and away from each other, a guide-bar connected to the frame between said arms, connections between said guide-bar and said arms for moving either arm through a path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm, and a counterweight for balancing the system about the axis of the pivoted frame.

5. In a carving-machine, a pivoted tool-carrying arm, a pivoted tracer-carrying arm, means for adjusting the tool to different distances from the pivotal support of its supporting-arm, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of said arms toward and away from each other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

6. In a carving-machine, a pivoted tool-carrying arm, a pivoted tracer-carrying arm, means for adjusting the tracer to different distances from the pivot of its supporting-arm, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of said arms toward and away from each other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

7 In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a toolcarrying arm pivotally mounted in said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in said frame, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from the pivotal supports of their respective arms, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of the arms toward and away from each other, a guide-bar connected to the frame between said arms, and connections between said guide-bar and said arms for moving either arm through a path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm.

8. In a carving-machine, a pattern-table, a work-table, means for causing said tables to travel at predetermined rates with respect to each other, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, means per-. mitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of the arms toward and away from each other, a guide-bar connected to the frame between said arms, and means associated with the guide-bar and the arms for moving either arm through a path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm.

9. In a carving-machine, a work-table, a pattern-table, means for causing the tables to travel at predetermined rates with respect to each other, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, a carving-tool supported by said arm, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, a tracer carried by the last-mentioned arm. a driving-belt supported by each of said arms, a driving-pulley arranged concentric with the pivotal axis of each of said arms for driving said belts, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from the pivotal support of their respective arms, means for tightening said belts for each position of said tool and tracer, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of said arms toward and away from each other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

10. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, means for adjusting the distance between the pivots of said arms, means for adjusting the carving-tool to different distances from the pivot of its supporting-arm, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

11. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a pair of frames arranged within said pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted in one of said pair of frames, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in the other of said pair of frames, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from the pivotal support of their respective arms, means permitting the adjustment of said pair of frames toward and away from each other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

12. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a pair of frames arranged within said pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted in one of said pair of frames, a tracer-carrying arm piv oted in the other of said pair of frames, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from the pivotal supports of their respective arms, means permitting the adjustment of said pair of frames toward and away from each other, means for causing said arms to describe similar paths, and a counterweight connected to said pivoted frame between the said adjustable frames for balancing the system about the axis of the pivoted frame.

13. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a pair of frames arranged within said pivoted frame, said pair of frames being arranged for adjustment toward and away from each other within the pivoted frame and longitudinally of the latter, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to one of said pair of frames, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to the other of said pair of frames, means for adjusting the tooland tracer to different distances from the pivotal support of their-respective arms, a guide-bar connected to the pivoted frame between said arms, and connections between said guide-bar and the arms for causing the latter to describe similar paths.

14:. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivotally mounted in said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in said frame, a guide-bar connected to the frame between said arms, connections between said guide-bar and said arms for moving either arm through a path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm, and a counterweight for balancing the system about the axis of the pivoted frame.

15. Ina carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivotally mounted in said frame, a carving-tool supported by said arm, means for adjusting said carving-tool along said arm, a driving-belt supported by said arm, means for tightening said belt for each position of the carving-tool along its arm, a tracer-carrying arm pivotally mounted in said frame, a tracer supported by the last-mentioned arm, means for adjusting said tracer along its arm, a driving-belt supported by the latter, means for tightening said belt for each position of the tracer along its arm, connections between said arms for causing one arm to move through a path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm, and a counterweight connected to said frame betweenthe said adjustable frames for balancing the system about the axis of the pivoted frame, the pivotal connections of the arms being adjustable toward and away from each other.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE A. BAGHURST.

Witnesses 2 LILIAN M. CREAMER, MAE KOFMANN.

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