US708808A - Apparatus for dyeing slivers. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 9, I902.

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

M4 F ,wvm k H M w w w B 24 3 HHHIIIIIIIIIIIIIII a C. M. HANSON. APPARATUS FOR DYEING SLIVEBS. A licacionm d me. 14, 1901.

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H s F U E H .H H a Witnesses- No. 708,808. 7 Patented Sept. 9,, I902.

' C. M. HANSON. 1 .v

APPARATUS FUR DYEING SLIVEBS.

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NrTs STATES PATENT Qrrioa- CHARLES M. HANSON, OF PEACEDALE, RHODE ISLAND.

f APPARATUS FOR DYEING SLIVERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 708,808, dated September 9,1902.

7 Application filed December 14, 1901. Serial No. 85,917. (No modelJ V v To all whom, i-mrty concern.-

' Be. itknown that 1, CHARLES M. HANSON, a citizen of the United States, residing in Peacedale, in the countyof Washington and State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Dyeing Slivers Wound intoTops or Cheeses, of which the following, with the accompanying drawings, is a description.

My invention is designed more especially at that exact point in" its manufacture into yarn, but would also prove practical to a greater or less extent whenever the sliver is wound into such balls. I

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation of my apparatus almost wholly in sectionnpon a diameter thereof. Fig. 2 is 'a plan, upon line 2 2 of Fig. 1, of the ratchet-wheels and ratchets for rotating the perforated cans. Fig. 3 is a plan of a portion of the apparatus upon line 3 3 of Fig.1, vshowing'the'disposal of the perforated cans in a circle in a supporting circular framework. Fig. 4. is a plan on line 4: 4 of Fig; 1, showing the construction of the rotating wheel. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan on line 5 5 of Fig. 1; and Figs. 6 and 7 show details of the tops of the perforated cans, as hereinafter described.

My apparatus consists of a circular tank is mounted in the center ofthe tank and driven by a pulley D. A-ttached t'o the shaft D to be rotatedby it and located just above the floor 13 is a wheel (sh'ownin Fig. 1 and separately in Fig. 4) consisting of a rim E, spokes E tapering from the center outwardly, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, and two coverings spokes and the other attached to their under.

sides. These coverings E and E cover the same portion of the space near the bottom of the tank as the partial 'floor'B, leaving the same central opening and the same openspace between the wheel and the walls of the tank, and the lower covering F. conforms to the in clination of the floor B. The entire wheel is made to rotate as near the floor B as is practical. vThe construction of'theentire wheel E will be seen to consist of pockets opening into the central open space and closed at-their outer edge by the rim E of the wheel, (see Fig. 1,) and it will be shown hereinafter that t the dye liquor will enter these pockets when the machine is operated. Round cans G G, about fifteen inches in diameter'and, say, thirt-y six inches in height, made, preferably, of sheet copper and perforated as fully as possible .with holes about one-eighth of an inchin diameter, are supported by the wheel E and disposed in a circle thereon close to one another, so as to constitute substantially the outer perforated circumference of wheel E, so that they communicate with the pockets of the wheel. equivalent construction) fit loosely into the holes in the covering of the wheel, so that the The tubes F (or any cans G G can be rotated upon them as axes. Fig. 3 of the drawings shows the arrangement of these cans side by side in a circle,supported at their tops by a circular cover. or framework P, attached to the shaft D by arms P. The construction thus far described shows that by the rotation of the wheel E by means of the pulley Dthese cans are revolved around the central shaft D of the machine; but in addition to this circular motion I cause each-can to rotate in the following manner: In the top edge of each can there are cut notches g, (see Fig.- 7,) andthe-solid cover G, Fig. 6, is pro- .vided with lugs g; to enter these notches.

Square upright shafts H H are attached to;

the covers G, (see Figs. 1 and 6,) so that when these shafts are rotated the covers, and consequently the cans G G, are rotated thereby. At a sufficient height above the tops of the cans is another wheel K, of light construction, (shown separately in Fig. 2, and see also Fig. 1,) which is attached to the shaft D to rotate with it, and mounted in this latter wheel are ratchet-wheels H H, (see Fig. 2,) so attached to the rim of the wheel K as to prevent them from being lifted off the rim, but to permit them to rotate freely upon their axes. The square shafts H H pass through the hubs of the ratchetwheels H H, the opening through the tubes being square to loosely fit the shafts. There isa cam D Fig. 2, surrounding the shaft D, but rigidly attached to the foot of the bearing D, Fig. 1, so as to be stationary, and a strap D, Fig. 2, of ordinary construction, surrounds the cam. Attached to the cam-strap are elastic or spring rods H with hooks in their ends to engage the notches of the ratchets on the wheels H 11. These rods H are conveniently made in pairs and split, as shown in the drawings, Fig. 2, to engage two adjoining ratchets. A rod R is rigidly attached to the strap D and extends outwardly over the wheel K,and an upright piece R is attached by a pivot-joint to its outer end and by a similarjoint to the wheel K, so as to permit the arm to have a longitudinal motion, but to compel it, and consequently the strap D", to which it is attached, to rotate with the framework and other parts of the extractor. This rod R is not necessary when the apparatus is run at a comparatively low speed, as the strain on the rods II will carry the strap D of the cam D around with it, and the cam will give the longitudinal motion to the rods H required to turn the ratchet-wheels H H, and by means of the square shafts H H, the covers G G with their lugs fitting the recesses in the cans G G, thelatter will be partially rotated upon their axes for every rotation of the shaft D and. its connected parts. Each of the cans G G has a false bottom G (see Fig. 1,) with two elastic or spring rods G G attached to it, extending upward the length of the cans and passing through slots in the cover G in such a way that the notched ends of the rods will spring over the cover to connect the false bottom with the cover, but permitting them to be readily separated by the elasticity of the rods. Each of the square shafts II H has an eye It in its upper end, into which a tackle can be fastened when unloading the machine, as hereinafter described.

As already described, the cans G G, with the mechanism for rotating them ,are arranged in a circle upon the lower Wheel E and are placed as close to one another as possible. Between the cans and each one overlapping two adjoining cans to a greater or less extent are plates L L, Figs. 1 and 3, which extend the entire height of the cans. They may readily be supported and retained in proper position by upright rods Z Z in their centers. These plates are preferably of two widths, every alternate one being sufficiently wide to overlap its cans to a point about on the diameter of the apparatus, while the others are only sufficiently wide to cover the spaces be.- tween the cans and to overlap them only to the least possible extent. The object of this difference will be explained later on. A round disk or cover S is arranged upon the shaft D so that it can he slid up and down and fastened at any point by a set-screw S. This cover is of a size sufficient to cover the central opening in the covering E when it is slid down upon it, as hereinafter explained.

In operating the apparatus the false bottoms G G are dropped into the cans without the covers. The tops or cheeses are forced into the cans around the tubes F F, it being preferable to have them fit into the cans tightly and the cans being preferably made several inches smaller in diameter than the tops for this reason. \Vhen the cans are filled, the covers G G are put on over the spring-rods G G and with the lugs of the cover fitting into the recesses of the cans, and the apparatus is ready for operation. When the wheel E is rotated at a moderate speed only, the centrifugal action is suflicient to cause the dye liquor to mount into the tubes F F from the pockets of the wheel, and as the speed increases the liquor is forced upwardly into them very strongly. This occurs even when the apparatus is filled with liquor only to a level considerably lower than the upper floor E of the Wheel E. It thus becomes possible to operate the machine in either of two ways-namely, first, by filling it from onehalf to three-quarters full (depending somewhat upon the tendency to foam of the dye liquor used) and permit it to be thrown outwardly from the center through the perforated cans as well as upwardly into the tubes F F and thence outwardly through their perforations, or, secondly, by placing only sul'li cient liquor in the apparatus to partially fill the wheel-pockets when the apparatus is at rest, and thereby use only the tubes F F to effeet the dyeing. In the latter method the cover S is slid down upon the shaft D to cover the central opening in the upper floor E of the wheel and there fastened with its set-screw in order to prevent the liquor from splashing up, as any such splashing under the high speed used in thus operating the machine is apt to mat the tops more or less in the cans. In the firstof these methods of operation the resistance of the liquor around the extractor is considerable,and a comparatively low speed can only be used, but is effective. In the second method the liquor comes from the-pen forated cans in a fine spray, and there is comparatively little resistance therefrom, so that it is possible to get the penetrating power given by a high speed of the extractor. Both methods have their advantages. It is difficult or impossible to obtain good results with very light colors without the use of the tubes F F, although it is not necessary to use them alone in order to do so; but because of the high speed possible and the smaller amount passes down between the cans and the outer.

of dye liquor usedit is frequently advantageous to use the tubes only. Upon the other hand, it is not possible to use the tubes F F alone with colors which will oxidize readily in the air when finely divided into spray, as is the case, 'for example, with indigo. In either method of operating it the dye liquor walls of the-tank under the partial fioor'B and back to the center, the wings or, plates C G completely preventing any tendency the liquor may have to continueits rotary motion under thefloor, although their presence could be dispensed with without entirely preventing the action of the machine, or if thesev wings are retained the false floor Bzmay be entirely omitted. As the liquor again reaches the center it will mount upward through the central opening in the wheel E into the pockets thereof and the tubes F F, and if the firstof the above methods of operation is being.- employed a portion of the liquor will also pass upward intothe cent-er of the apparatus between the perforated cans, to be again thrown When the dyeing is complete, the liquor is drawn from the appa-' ratus, and water or other chemicals may be out through the latter.

introduced to wash or further effect the dye- .ing, and after the latter is also withdrawn the speed is preferably increased for a few minutes, if the first of the above methods has been'used, in order to extract a portion of whatever liquid remains in the tops. The

machine then being stopped, a small tackle is successively fastened in the several eyes h h and the false bottoms of the cans thus pulled out, thereby lifting the dyed tops from the cans. Itwill be seen that the plates L L prevent the liquor from passing out between the cans when the first of the above methods of operating the apparatus is used, thus compelling it to pass through vthe perforations in.

the cans and through the tops within. If

' these plates were all as small as the'smaller set of them, it will be seen that the tops would receive the liquorpassing through from the inside of the apparatus equally on both sides of the tubes F F; but the outer portion of the tops at anymoment also receives dye liquor coming from these tubes F F, and that side of the tops which is turning toward the centerof the apparatus by the turning of the can upon its axis has then received more liquor and is heavier than that side turning awayfrom the center. I have ter of the apparatus, and thereby compelling the liquor'from the center to. pass through the other side-of the topsonly, and it isfor' this reason that I have heretofore made, every I alternate plate sufficiently large to-cover one: half of the surface of two adjoining cans exposedto the center of the machine, it being observed that any two adjoining cans as arrangedin the drawings always turn in oppO site directions. v

Iclaim as myinventione 1. In an apparatus for dyeing .tops or cheeses, the combination of atank,a5haft within the tank and means for rotating it, a

series of perforated 'cans to contain the tops to bedyedmounted uponthe shaft to sub-* stantially constitute the periphery of an extractor, and means within the tank to stop the rotation ofthe. dye liquor after being thrown out'through thefperforated cans and return itto the center of the apparatus.

2. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank which has an open center and which does not extend to the walls of the tank, means for rotating the wheel, a series of perforated cans to contain the t'ops mounted upon the wheel, and rigid strips or wings under the wheel, the

whole arranged so that the dye liquor will bethrown out through the perforated cans by wheel to the center of the apparatus.

the rotation'of the wheel and return underthe i 3. In an apparatus, for dyeing tops .or

cheeses, the combination of .a tank with a partial floor near its bottom leaving an opening in the center of, the floor and between it and the walls of the tank, strips under the partial fioorextending from the walls of the tank to the open center, a wheel with anopen center to rotate above the partial floor, means for rotating the wheel, and a series of perforated cans to contain the tops mounted upon the wheel, the whole arranged so that the dye liquor will be thrown out through the perforated cans by Ihe-rotationof the wheel and return underthe floor to thecenter of the apparatus. I v

4. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or' cheeses, the combination of a tank, awheel within and near thebottom of the tank and means for rotating it, a series of perforated cans to contain-the tops to be dyed-mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantially the periphery of an extractor, means for rotween the cans to prevent the dye liquor from passing out between them, and means for returning the dye liquor to the center of the apparatus after being thrown out through the perforated cans.

5. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tankwhich has an open center and which does not extend to the wallsof the tank, means for rotating the wheel, rigid strips or wings under the tating the cans upon their centers, plates bewheel, a series of perforated cans to contain the tops to be dyed mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantially the periphery of an extractor, means for rotating the cans about their axes, and plates between the cans to prevent the dye liquor from passing out between them.

6. In an apparatus for dyeing tops 0r cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank with an opening in its center and between it and the walls of the tank, and constructed with a pocket or pockets extending outwardly from the open center, means for rotating the wheel, a series of perforated cans to contain the tops to he dyed mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantially the periphery of an extractor, means for rotating the cans about their axes, a hollow perforated tube in each can, with their interiors connected with the pockets of the wheel, plates between the cans to prevent the dye liquor from passing out between the cans; and means for returning the liquor to the center of the wheel.

7. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel in the tank near its bottom with an opening in its center and between it and the walls'of the tank, and constructed with a pocket or pockets extending outwardly from the open center, rigid strips under the wheel to prevent any circular motion of the liquor at that point, a series of perforated cans to contain the tops to be dyed mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantially the periphery of an extractor, means for rotating the cans about their axes, a hollow perforated tube in each can with their interiors connected with the pockets of the wheel, and plates between the cans to prevent the dye liquor from passing out between them.

8. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel in the tank near its bottom with an opening in its center and between it and the walls of the tank and constructed with a pocket or pockets extending outwardly from the open center, rigid strips under the wheel to prevent any circular motion of the liquor at that point, means for rotating the wheel, a series of perforated cans to contain the tops to be dyed mounted upon the wheel and constituting substantially the periphery of an extractor, means for rotating the cans about their axes, a hollow perforated tube in each can with their interiors connected with the pockets of the wheel, and plates extending about half-way over the portion of the can next to the center of the apparatus and covering that portion of the can turning toward the center, and plates between the cans to prevent the dye liquor from passing out between them.

9. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank constructed with an opening in its center toward the bottom of the apparatus and with a pocket or pockets extending outwardly from its open center, means for rotating the wheel, a series of hollow perforated tubes mounted upon the wheel with their interiors connected with the pockets of the wheel, and means to return the liquor under and to the center of the wheel after being thrown out from the perforated tubes, substantially as described.

10. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel within and near the bottom of the tank constructed with an opening in its center toward the bottom of the apparatus and with apocket orpockets extendingoutwardly from the open center, means for rotating the wheel, a series of hollow perforated tubes mounted upon the wheel with their interiors connected with the pockets of the wheel, a series of perforated cans surrounding the tubes, means for rotating the cans and tubes upon their axes, and means for returning the liquor under and to the center of the wheel after being thrown from the perforated tubes, substantially as described.

11. In an apparatus for dyeing tops or cheeses, the combination of a tank, a wheel within and near the bottom ofthe tank constructed with an opening in its center on the side toward the bottom of the tank and with upper and lower coverings, the latter being inclined upward from the open center toward the outer circumference, means for rotating the wheel, and a series of hollow perforated tubes mounted upon the wheel with their interiors connected with the space or spaces between the coverings of the wheel, substan-

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