US68786A - Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms - Google Patents

Description

M. V 1 IDAULT 5L-G. ELIEZE DIT LAGIEZE.

. IBreeh-Loading` Fire-Arm.

`No 68,786.4 Patented Sept. 10, 1867.

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attra` tatsatmt titre.

MARTIAL PIDAULT AND GUILLAUME ELIEZE dit IiAGlEZE, 0F PARIS, FRANCE, ASSGNORC T() lll-lith/[SELVES ANI) J. F, GEVELOT, .Oll SAME PLACE.

Letter-s' Patent No. 08,786, JZ/fed ,S'fptembw' l0, 1867; `jmntaol in France, 'a'ptcmbvr 26, 1866.

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T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY GONCERN:

Be it hnonn that we MARTIAL PIDAULT and GUILLAUME ELIEZE dit LAGIEZE, of Paris, France, manufacturers, have invented Improvements in Breech-Loading Fire-Arms, and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description` et' the same, reference being had to the annexed sheets of drawing, making a part ofthe same.

Our improvements in breech-loading fire-arms will sum up all the advantages resulting from the use of such arms; that is to say, ready, easy, manual exercise; regular, precise shooting; no trouble for even those who are little skilled in the carrying of arms.

Contrary-to what was done heretofore; the breech, or rather the chumber, is made to slide back, longitudinally, along the barrel, so 11s te leave between an open space for the cartridge being laid in. At the same time the drawback of said chamber cocks up the arm, the cock being retained in this position without its stroke down being accidentally possible so long as the arm4 is not ready to be used, or. so long as the cartridge is not laid and perfectly fitted in the chamber. The rectilinear mobilizing of the chamber' is obtained by a manner of key or handle fitted in the sideof the st ocli. Inside the chamber is a socket forming the abutment breech, which socket heilig stationary serves the purpose of a cartridge-drawer after the ring has taken place. The socket has a bore in it to admit a rod, made itself mobilizable, together with the chamber or external shell, and terminating at one end in a point, filling the oiiice of hammer, to strike through thc centre of the cartridge, whilst the other end raises the cock and holds it up.

The combinations of the various parts of our improved arm is such as to allow a complete transforming of the actual muzzle-loading iire-arms into breech-loading ones, which is effected by merely cutting oli' the back part ofthe barrel 'and substituting the movable chamber therefor.

'lhe central firing cartridge in so composed as to prevent all escape or leakage of the gas. The prime or cap in the centre of a compressed pastchoard block is covered over by a metallic shell which protects the Whole.

Figure 1 ot' the annexed drawings represents a partial outside longitudinal view of a War iirearm provided 'with our improvements.

Figure 2 shows a partial plan or under side vienof the same arm turned in the opposite direction,

Figure 3 shows a partial longitudinal section of the arm, the chamber being drawn back, the 'cock raised and held in this position by the central rod.

Figure i shows a similar section, the chamber being closed; and

Figure 5 shows a transverse section through the line 1 2, iig. 3.

In all these figures the same letters ot' reference stand for the like parts where they recur.

lThe barrel C of the gun, as r'epresentcd, is held fixed to the stock by the usual rings, and its baci: end is provided with a projection, ff, entering the metal shell B, to which the whole mechanism is secured. This arrangement permits a ready taking to pieces of the gun, either for washing or wiping it after a certain number of iirings. ',lhc tube or obturator Qi is so fitted as to be easily removed and replaced in case of injury or `wear.

The shell B is hollowcd out cylindrical7 as shown in fig. 5, for the purpose of receiving u movable or mobi lizable chamber A, made to slide on an inside socket, D, secured in the shelhplate [1. The shell B is formed with a projection, L', out of which is formed the screw V, on which works the key or handle E on the stock side, as shown. A groove, 7', inY the inside face of the key, admits the projectingr pin a or portion of the movable chamber. The groote r is cut out of the form of an are of circle, so that by moving the key in the direction of the arrow up to the position represented in iig. 3, it will pivot round the screw or centre o', and carry along with it the chamber A, which is perfectly guided in its rectilinear progress by the stationary socket D. The shell B has at its bach part a iianch or groove, y, within which is set the cock G, the louer part of which, or the nut, is formed with two notches, .fr x', the 'hind notch and the fore notch ofthe tumbler. A

'lhe cock is crested, or provided with a crest, which permits its being raised or cocked, without it being necessary to move the chamber Ac llhe :nain-spring R determines the fall of the cock, and the spring R', placed beneath, serves to retain the same at half cock. The end of this iat-ter spring isformed with a little incline, on which leans the end of the trigger II, the catch. of which is set within the trigger-guard as usual;

espec 2 Inside the socket D is placed the rod K, which is to move together with the chamber A. To this end the socket D is groored longitudinally at d, so as to give passage tothe screw Z, formed '1n the chamber A, and

having the samecourse as this. The head of the screw acts as guide in sliding in and along a longitudinal groove formed in the lower part of thc shell B. l

The screw passes through a longitudinal slot 7c', the object of which will be explained hereafter. The foro part ot' the rod K is formed with a point or needle, M, which strikes the cartridge and effects the firing of the gun. p

.When the socket D is i-n the position represented in fig. 3, the rod K, carried back byI the movable breech .or chamber A, has not only raised the cock G, but still holds it securely in this position, when the point or needle M is withdrawn to the bottom of the socket.

After placing the cartridge as showninfig. 3, the key E is moved in the direction of the arrow, so as to be covered exactly by the `ruobilizablc chamber A, as shown in section, fig. l. The concave -end of the socket D, and the likewise concave edge ofthe chamber are intended to constantly bring the cartridge back to the centre, whatever may be the position it occupies at first when laid therein. The rod c is then brought back'in such a manner that the hammer M be flush. with the edgeoi` the central socket D, its opposite end being somewhat beyond the plate Z1, the screw l then reaches the beginning ofthe slot c.

On the catch being acted upon, the trigger H depresses the spring R', and the cock is then beaten down bythe niainespring R. It strikes on the end ofthe rod K,`which is caused to move forward a certain distance and consequently the hammer or point M is made to strike the cap in ythe cartridge, whereby the powder is i nited. v

g The whole pressure xerted during the igniting of the powder is undergone by the stationary socket D, and also by the plate t, which fills the oliiee of breech, whilst the external mobilizable chambenA only undergoes the lateral pressure exerted at the periphery of `they cartridge.'

The cartridge, whose peculiar arrangement we' claim, consists of a pasteboard socket, n, admitting at its end a block of the same substance stronglyfconipresscd ato, into which is embodied a mannerof bridge, on the central part of which rests the cap or prime g'. 'A metallic shell covers the whole over, thus preventing all leakage or escape of gas, the percussion being effected at the centre ofthe cartridge.

The cylindrical portion of the ball or projectile being of somewhat larger diametersay the sixtieth of an inch, than that of the socket C', produces on its passage through the latter an expansion, whereby is insured the complete obturation between C and A. i

W'e will observe that although our improvements have been represented as applicable to a single-barrelled musket or war gun, they may likewise be adapted to double-barrelled shooting and other guns, whatever may be their size and dimensions..

Claims.

1. The combination and arrangement of the stationary socket D, sliding chamber A, with pin a, and the hinged lever E, substantially as described for the purpose specified.

'2. The stationary tubebr socket D arranged within the sliding chamber A, to serve asa breech-piece, subV stantially as herein shown and described.

3. The combination ofthe hammer G with the catch H on the trigger, and with the springs R and R', all

made and operating substantially' as herein shown and described.

4. The combination and arrangement of the slotted sliding-rod K, pin l, socket D, and sliding chamber A,

substantially as described for the purpose specified.

PIDAULT, ELIEZE dit LAGIEZIE.

Witnesses DEMOS, A. Guion.

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