US670622A - Machine for forging points of horseshoe-nails. - Google Patents

Description

. 4 Patented Mar. 26 E. E. PIERCE &. L. W. NEWTON. MACHINE FOB FORGING POINTS OF HORSESHOE. NAILS.

' (Application filed. 111110 19, 1399.

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Patented Mar. 26,. 190i. 'E. E. PIERCE & L. w. NEWTON. MACHINE-FOR FOBGING POINTS OF HORSESHOE NAILS (Application filed June 19, was. -I l0 Sheefs8heat 2.

No. 670,622. Paten ted Mar. 26, lam. E. 5. PIERCE & L. w. NEWTON. MACHINE FQB FOBGING POINTS OF HORSESHDE NAILS.

(Application filed June 19 1899.] -(No Model.)

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No. 670,622. I Pate'nm Ma 26, 19m.

E. E. PIERCE&.'L.,W. NEWTON. MACHINE FOR FOBGQNG POINTS OF HORSESHGE NAILS.

. (Application filed June 19. 1899.! (No Model.)

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No. 670,622. Patpnted m. 26, I901.

E. E. PIE,RCE &- 1..., w. NEWTON. MACHINE FOR FORGING POINTS OF HORSESHOE NAILS.

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No; 670,622. Y Patented mar. 26, 1901 5.1:. PIERCE & L. w. NEWTON. I MACHINE FOR FORGINGVPOINTS 0F HDRSESHOE NAILS.

(Application filed June 19, 1899.)

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' MACHINE Fon' rqnama POINTS OF HORS (Applivation filed June 19, 1899. (No Model.

. Patented Mar. 26, {90L I 'E. E. PIERCE & L. W. NEWTHN. v MACHINE FUR FOBGING POINTS OF HURSESI'IUE NAILS."

(Application filed June 19, 1899.) (No Model.) 10 SheetsSheet-|0.

m: "dame man: no; rkdmyrm'm wmmmmc UNITED STATES [PATENT Enron.

ERASTUS E. PIERCE AND LEWIS W. NEWTON, OF NEW BRIGHTON, PENN- SYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO THE STANDARD HORSE NAIL COMPANY, OF

PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR FORGING POINTS OF HORSESHOE-NAILS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 670,622, dated March 26, 1901.

Application filed June 19, 1899.

To all whom it rncty concern:

Be it known that we, ERASTUS E. PIERCE and LEWIS W. NEWTON, citizens of the United States of America, and residents of- New Brighton, county of Beaver, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Forging the Points of Horseshoe-Nails, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention, generally stated, relates to a machine for forging the points of horseshoenails.

The full particulars of the invention are set forth in the subjoined specification and claims, together with someof the advantages thereof. f

In the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, Figure 1 is a partial plan view of machine embodying our invention and showing the cap-plate A with its various housings, lugs, and slideways with their slides and the levers for working them, with their inner ends engaged by the spool B, also showing the location of the cuttingor clipping devices with their chutes a a attached and their operating-levers b b engaged by the spool B, and the levers c, carryingthe facing and beveling dies, their inner ends, which engage the spool C being hidden by the spool B. A part of the main frame, a part of the turret-operating mechanism, and the shaft L are also shown. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine with some parts removed and parts of the cap-plate A broken away, so as to show one of the levers c, with a beveling-die, and one of the levers d, which operate the slides e, and the levers ff, attached thereto, which carry the edging-dies. A pair of the .levers ffare shown in position at top center, Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a plan view, all parts above the turret being re moved. One half the turret is provided with cular supporting-base E, its flange g, its inwardly-projecting arms 9 g g, cylinder q Serial 110.721.055. illlo model.)

.and flange g and a portion of the head J, with the cam-plate h for closing the vises attached. The cam 1' for opening the vises and 'the cam z" to prevent the too sudden movement of the vise-levers are also shown carried by the plate t one end of which is secured to-the under side of the flange g. Fig. 6 is an elevation, partly in section, showing .one of the vises and its supporting-block, a

;part of the head J with the cam-plate h at- ,tached, and the slideway E, turret D, and

spools B C. Fig. 7 is a side elevation showing a part of the mechanism for reciprocating the blank-holder. Figs. 8 and 9 are side and front elevations of one of the pairs of cutters and their holding and actuating mechanism. Figs. 10 and 11 are similar views of a pair of facing-diesand connected part-s. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of an anvil and beveling-die and their holding and actuating mechanism as used in the later stages of forming the point, with the cap-plate A in section. Figs. 13 and 14: are front elevation and side sectional elevation of the first pair of edgingdies with their holding and actuating mechanism. Fig. 15 is a perspective of half of one of a modified form of one of the edgingdies, the figure being broken away. Figs. 16 and 17 are similar views showing the construction in connection with the remaining edging-dies. ing one of the vises. Fig. 19 is a section on lines l9 19 of Fig. 18. Fig. 20 is a side view, in part section, of the blank-holder mounted on the rock-shaft L. Fig. 21 is a part front view of same. Fig. 22 is a plan view of one of the cutters. Figs. 23 to 33 are views illustrating the blank and progressive formation of the nail-point by the action of the dies and cutters. I

Fig. 18 is an end view illustrat- Before describing the construction of the 7 machine as a whole we will set forth the operations to be performed on the end of the:

than the nail to be formed and is presented successively between dies which act on the side edges and which we term edging-dies and dies which act on the opposite faces and which we term facing-dies when they are substantially parallel and beveling-dies when one is at an angle to the other.

The blank is first acted upon between two edging-dies F F which indent it, as shown in Fig. 24, and this has also the effect of upset-ting it to increase its thickness adjacent to the indentations, as shown in Fig. 25. The facing-dies H H then reduce the thickened portion as the blank is compressed between them, and another pair of edging-dies now act to further indent the blank, as shown in Fig. 26, upsetting it, as indicated in Fig. 27, after which it is again subjected to pressure between another pair of facing-dies and again indented by edging-dies, as shown in Fig. 28, of which there may be any desired number. These repeated side and face pressures not only indent and compress the shank, but further elongate it, and the end is then cut off beyond the narrowest part, as indicated in Figs. 28 and 29. The end of the blank is now subjected to the action of the beveling-dies H H the latter having the face against which the back of the blank bears parallel thereto, while the face of the die H which acts on the front of the blank, is at an angle to the working face of the die H so that pressure between the two imparts a bevel to the front of the shank at the end, as indicated in Figs. 30 and 31. The blank is new again operated on by edging-dies F F as indicated in Fig. 32, and as it is spread or upset thereby is again subjected to the actions of bevelingdies, these operations being repeated any desired number of times, and as the successive edge and face pressures draw out the metal the surplus is sheared oif and the point finally finished by a number of successive alternate actions of edge and beveling dies. It will be seen that the point is thus forged cold by a succession of operations alternately on the side edges and faces, gradually drawing it out from the blank, condensing and hardening the metal, and tapering and beveling the same by actions closely approximating those of a workman in forging the point of a nail-blank by hand between a hammer and anvil, turning the blank to present successively the faces and the edges to be acted on. It will be evident, however, that by the operations described, when performed in an organized machine, the results are superior to hand-work in that the articles produced are all uniform in character and far better finished.

Having thus set forth the operations upon the blank to point the same, we will now describe one construction of mechanism by means of which they can be performed.

The nailblank, clamped by suitable clamps m at the end of a vibrating arm m, Fig. 2, is first carried head first between suitable facefinishing rolls 002 m These parts may be like those set forth in Letters Patent to E. E. Pierce, Nos. 363,417 and 379,413, and as they have no necessary connection with this invention herein claimed need not be further referred to or described. On passing from the roller-dies m m the head of the blank is forced between two springs-armsjj, Figs. 20 and 21, of a holder J, Fig. 2, which holder first occupies a horizontal position to receive the head of the blank and then turns to a vertical position, and the head of the holder (which holder is in two parts) then rises and carries the blank into position to be gripped by a vise F, as hereinafter described. The said vise F is on an intermittently-rotating ring G and carries the blank in a circle to positions'to be operated on successively by the various edging-dies, facing and beveling dies, and cutters. The general arrangement of these parts for operating on the blank carried by the vise is illustrated in Fig. 1, where the positions of the edging-dies is illustrated at 2 2 2, 850., that of the facing-dies at 3 3 8, 850., that of the beveling-dies at 4 4 4, &c., and that of the cutters at 5 5, the finished nail being discharged through the chute I. To increase the speed of operation, the ring G is provided with a series of Vises to which blanks are supplied by the vibrating holder in succession as they stop opposite the holder.

The construction of the holder. The 11 older J, Figs. 2, 20, and 21, is carried by a rockshaft L, to which is hungloosely a tubular casingj in which slides a rod 7' carrying the head j, to which the fingers j are secured. The rock-shaft L has arrnsj connected by links j to the head j, so that when the latter is carried against a stopj dotted lines, Fig. 20, and the shaft continues to turn the head j will be elevated to carry the blank upward between the jaws of the vise. The rod 7' is surrounded bya springj within the casingj and bearing on a nut or headj at the end of the rod, so as to carry the rod and its head downward as the shaft L rocks in the opposite direction. A finger his pivoted at 30 to the head j, and when the holder is horizontal occupies aposition beyond but below the spring-fingers jj and prevents the shank of the nail from dropping when the head is grasped between the spring-fingers. Preferably the finger 7c is spring-supported, a forked arm thereof being pivoted to a sleeve 76, sliding on a rod 76 on the head j and bearing on a spring 7c.

The visas-Each vise, Figs. 3, 18, and 19, is supported by a block Q secured detachably in a radial socket 00 of the ring D, Fig. 3, and consists of the stationary jaw 31, se cured in the block Qfland the movable jaw 32, connected by side links Z Zto the upper end of a lever Z, which bears at Z on a part of the block Q as a fulcrum. A bell-crank floating lever Z is pivoted at its corner to the lower end of the lever l and is provided at its ends with antifriction-rolls Z Z, the former beari ng on the inclined face of the head 0 of a shaft;

35, provided with a washer 0, bearing on a spiral spring 19, confined in a recess in the block Q by a screw-plug 9. 'Spiral springs q q, connected with the pivot of the inner ends of the links and with the block Q tend to carry the links and jaw 32 outward, so that the vise is then open to receive the blank as it rises. The vise is then closed by a camplate h, which rises, bringing an inclined edge to bear on the roller Z to swing the lever Z from the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. 19, to that shown in full lines. The blank is thus bit with a yielding pressure as the hearing of the roll Z on the head 0 compresses the spring 19, as it also carries in ward the lower end of the lever Z and draws back the links. 4

The edging-dies."lhe edging-dies F may be constructed in different Ways, but preferablyeach is annular or discular,with an annular-beveled. face and hollow at the center, so that when turned on its axis to a slight extent it presents a new working portion to act on the edge of the blank. The working faces may thus be repeatedly renewed without removing the dies. To facilitate the turning of the dies, the edges may be recessed, as shown in Fig. 15.

As shown in Figs. 13 to'17, the dies are secured by bolts in sockets in the split ends of levers ff, each pivoted at f to a slide 2, a spring f connecting the levers, tending to separate their lower ends and separate thedies. The dies are brought together by the action of a lever d, the head 01 of which is carried up and down between the upper ends of the levers ff. The dies F F which first act on the blank after it is presented by the holder J should have a quicker and more extended movement than the succeeding edgingdies. The head of the lever (1 therefore carries a cam or wedge block 01 with beveled edges, which when carried between rolls (1 at the upper ends of the levers ff separate them and bring the dies together. The levers ff of the remaining edging-dies areactuated by the toggles d Figs. 16 and 17, with spherical ends bearing on the socketed ends of setscrews (1 to secure universal joints and adjustable bearings for said ends. The slides 6 must be raised as the nail-blanks are carried around by the ring D and must then be lowered tobring the dies on oppositesides of the blanks. This is effected by extending the head of each lever dthrou'gh a yoke e at the upper end of the slide, so that as the head rises it will first relax the pressure on the leversff and will then strike the yoke and lift the slide.

The fdct'ng-dies. Theinner die H, Fig. 10, of each pair of facing-dies is stationary and fits a socket in the stationary cap-piece, which also carries guides for the slides e.

able facing-die is carried by the short arm of a lever c, pivoted at c to the cap-piece, and the coacting faces of the dies are substantially parallel, so as to reduce the upset por- The movtions of the blanks, asbefore described. The stem of the die 'H is clamped in a socket in the split end of the lever c, as shown, and the.

as to secure new operating-faces by turningthe dies on their axes. If desired, these dies may be recessed or cupped at the center to secure annular working faces.

The beteZing-dies.'lhe beveling-dies are mounted rotatably similar to the facing-dies in levers c, Fig. 12; but the upper edge of the fixed die H is about level withthe axis of the movable die H which is set at an angle to the face of the die H as shown, so as to bevel the front face of the end of the blank which bears on the rear die or anvil.

The cutters-There may be any desired number of cutters to remove the surplus material resulting from the elongation of the blanks by the forging action on the faces and edges.

It is of the utmost importance to get rid of the cuttings and prevent them from falling between the operating parts of the mechanism or being jammed into the blanks. We therefore provide one of the cutters with a spring-bearing which permits the cutter to yield in the act of cutting, but which forcibly moves the cutter outward after a piece is cut 06, to thereby propel the cutting forcibly outward and away from the parts. Different constructions may be employed to secure this result; but that shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 22 has proved effectual. As shown, there are two cutters R R, the latter being a curved blade clamped edgewise between two cheeks in'a channel a. (Indicated by dotted lines,

too

Figs. 8 and 9.) In Figs. 8 and 9 the framework carrying the cutters R R'and the necessary parts to hold and-operate them con-, sists of four parts X X X X. Of these the part X is secured to the plate A by the screwbolt U, which passes through, but does not come in contact with, the part X foot-piece dovetailed to X and fitted tight enough on the dovetail so that it will not change its position when the machine is working, but not so tight as to prevent its being moved laterally when desired. movement is provided for, so that when the X has a- This lateral cutters become dull in one place they can be moved toa new position. This can be repeated till the Whole length of the cutting edgeshas been used before it is necessary to take out the cutters for res'harpening. Thereis an oblong hole a in the part X and underand central) with this mortiseisa holeafithrough the part X and extending into the cap-piece A; On one side and central with the oblong holed) is a,

channel w, cut into the part X f-By inserting a suitably-shaped cam-wrench Vf'in the hole '0 and channel n and turning the wrench V to the right or left, as the case requires, the part X is brought to the desired position.

The part X has an upright portion, on which is a dovetail-shaped slideway, to which is fitted the part X In the top of the part X is fast a stud 00 which passes through an overhanging ledge X on X and has a nut above and one below the ledge, by means of which the part X may be raised or lowered and secured in any desired position. At the top X is formed a tongue X", Figs. 9 and 22, and to the part X is fitted the part X which is secured to X by the two screw-bolts 10 10. The stationary cutter R is clamped in place in X by the clamping-plate w. The part X is cut out in such a Way that when the cutter and clamping-plate are in position a tunnel w is formed above the cutter. This tunnel is extended in the part X beyond the outer or non-cutting end of the cutter and after passing the studs and nuts which hold the clamp to has a downward turn and connects with the channel a, formin g a chute. Through this tunnel and chute the cuttings are discharged from the machine. The moving outter R is secured in a mortise in the oscillating shaft a: by the set-screw 00 The shaft :1." has two diameters, and the smaller part is journaled in the main body of the part X, the larger part, which has the mortise holding the cutter, being journaled in a hollow boss y, formed on the side of the part X. A nut and washer on the outer end of the shaft a3 keep it in position laterally, but allow it to oscillate freely. The hub y is slotted above and below to allow the cutter to projectin either orboth directions from its holder, the slots being wide enough to allow the necessary movement of the cutter. The cutter is driven by an irregularly-shaped plate S, which is journaled on the outside of the hollow boss y. From the hub down there is an irregularly-shaped channel 3] in the plate S, inclosing the cutter on three sides, the lower end of the channel being considerably wider than the thickness of the cutter, but not so wide as the part above. Forward of the cutter the plate S is formed to the arc of a circle and fits closely to the roof of the tunnel to, so that it is impossible for a clipping to pass out over the roof of the tunnel and under the plate S. Back of the cutter the plate S is formed to the arc of a circle of larger radius than the part forward of the cutter, so that when the cutting is being done the plate S will be in contact with the cutter at a point nearly directly back of the cutting edge. Just below the hub y and about at a right angle with the general direction of the channel y is a hole extending from the channel 3/ outward through the back part of the plate S. 111 this hole rests a button-headed plunger 2, with its head in contact with the cutter. Back of the head is a coiled spring 3, which is held in place by the hollow screw 4, which also forms a guide for the outer end of the plunger 2. The parts all being in position, the plunger 2, actuated by the spring 3,

keeps the cutter in contact with the plate S at the point 7. As the plate Sis oscillated to do the cutting the cutter moves with the plate until it comes in contact with the piece to be cut. The cutter then stops (the spring not being strong enough to do the cutting) till the point 8 of the plate comes in contact with the cutter, which forces it forward, doing the cutting. As soon as the piece is cut off the cutter flies forward, being propelled by the spring 3 and plunger 2, till it strikes the point 7 of the plate S. This quick motion of the cutter and sudden stop against the point 7 causes the piece cut off to be thrown out through the tunnel to. The plate S is driven by the gear-segment on the lever b, meshing with the gear-segment on the plate.

Although we much prefer a blank with a surplus of stock, we do not limit our invention to the finishing of nails which have an excess of stock to be cut off during the process of forming the point, as we have found the machine equally well adapted to finishing nails which are forged with just enough stock to form the point. When the machine is used in this way, the cutters are removed. The dies of the first pair may be made without any sink and are so formed that when closed they present a V-shaped opening to the unfinished point of the nail as it is thrust up through the vise. The cam (1 which closes the first pair of dies, is made longer, so that the dies are closed before the point of the nail reaches them. By this means a gage is provided which stops the point at the right height and centers it laterally.

Act-netting mechanism.-The parts above described may be actuated through the medium of different appliances. We will now describe those which have proved effective. The holder-actuating mechanism is mainly illustrated in Fig. 7, which shows the shaft L provided with a pinion h engaging a rack on an arm 71 of a lever, the other arm 71 of which bears on an operating-cam H on the driving-shaft H A spring 71/7 tends to rock the lever h 71. in the direction of its arrow.

The mechanism for actuating the levers b c d is best shown in Figs. 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8 and consists of a vertically reciprocating head J carrying two spools O B, between the flanges of which extend the inner ends of the levers b c (I, so that the latter are rocked as the head and its spools rise and fall. The head is connected to a bent arm J having a guide-pinj at the lower end sliding in a recess in a cross-piece J of the frame, and upon the driving-shaft H are eccentrics j, the straps of which are connected with arms I, pivoted at their upper ends to a pin 3' connected with the head J so that the latter is raised and falls on the rotation of the driving-shaft. The spools are adjustable on the head J being internally threaded to fit a threaded boss 50, projecting from the head, and this boss is split and has an internal threaded opening to receive two tapering screws Kand M, bymeans of which the boss may be expanded to bind the spools after adj ustment. The head J carries the cam-plate h, which operates the vises. (See Fig. 6.) The turret or ring D turns on an annular supporting-plate E, secured to the frame of the machine, having an annular flange g, radial arms g, which carry a sleeve g having at the top a flange g to which is bolted the cappiece A. The cams 01 t" are placed, as shown in Fig. 5, to act on the lower end of the lever 11 which actuates the vises. The cam 11 opens each vise as the lever Z thereof is carried past the cam, while the cam i prevents the end of the lever from being thrown too far outward.

The intermittent movement of the turret and the locking of it during the intervals of rest are accomplished as follows: A lever N, carrying a roll r and a detent s, is hinged or journaledat one end to the plate O,'which is bolted to the flange g. The plate 0 has pendent from-and integral with it vertical and horizontal bearings carrying the shaft and necessary gearing to drive the vertical shaft carrying the cam P, against which the roll r rests. The lever N is extended beyond the roll r and has attached a spring r, which tends to keep the roll in contact with the cam. Fixed in the cam is a pin which carries a roll Q. The turret projects beyond its supporting-slideway and has on its under side a number of radial grooves or channelsit (shown in dotted lines, Fig. 3,) equal in number to the vises in the turret. In Fig. 3 of the drawings the turret is shown locked by the detent s. The cam P revolves iu the direction indicated by the arrow, and just as the detent is being withdrawn from one channel the roll Q, is entering the next one, and while the cam revolves one-half a revolution the turret is carried one step forward, and as the roll emerges from the channel the detent enters another channel, locking the turret as before. The cam is so shaped and timed that the turret is always under control either of the roll or detent and cannot become displaced or get out of time with the other parts of the machine.

Without limiting ourselves to the constructions and details shown, we claim as our invention- 1. In a nail-pointing machine, the combination of series of alternating edging and series of facing pressure-dies, means for presenting the point of the blank in'succession, first to edging-dies and then to facing-dies and so on alternately, and means for reciprocating said dies to forge the blank to a tapering shape laterally while avoiding reduction in the thickness thereof, substantially as described.

2. In a nail-pointing machine, the combination of alternating edging and facing pressure dies with cutters at intervals, and means for reciprocating said dies and for pre- .and beveling-dies cooperating with edgingdies to forge the blank to a point, and means for reciprocating said dies substantially as described.

4. The combination in a nail-pointing machine, of a series of pairs of dies adapted to indent the edges of a nail-blank, alternating facing-dies to reduce the upset part of the blank, and bevelingdies cooperating with edging-dies to forge the blank to a point with cutters at intervals, and means for reciprocating said dies substantially as described.

5. The combination in a nail-pointing machine, of series of pairs of facing-dies and a series of pairs of beveling-dies, edging-dies alternating the facing-dies and beveling-dies, and means for presenting a blank in succession thereto and for reciprocating said dies, substantially as described.

6. The combination in a nail-pointing machine, of series of pairs of facing-dies and series of beveling-dies, edging-dies alternating the other dies, means for presenting a blank in succession thereto, means for reciprocating the dies, and cutters for shearing off the surplus end portion of the blank, substantially as described:

7. The combination in a nail-pointing machine of series of pairs of facing and beveling dies and edging pressure-dies intermediate the pairs of facing and beveling dies, means for reciprocating the same, vises supported by a rotary arm, means for rotating the turret intermittently, and means for operating the dies while the turret is at rest, substantially as described.

8. The combination with the rotating turret and its vises, of a cap-plate, a series of slides sliding vertically in guides of said plate, and edging-dies supported by said slides, with means for rotating the turret intermittently, and for operating the dies, substantially as described.

9. The combination with the rotating turret and its vises, of a cap-plate, a series of slides sliding vertically in guides of said plate, and edging-dies supported by said slides, a series of facing-dies and bevelingdies arranged betweenthe edging-dies, with means for rotating the turret intermittently, and for operating the dies, substantially as described.

10. The combination with the rotating turret and its vises, of a cap-plate, a series of slides sliding verticallyin guides of said plate, and edging-dies supported by said slides, cutters and a series of facing-dies and bevelingdies arranged between the edging-dies, with means for rotating the turret intermittently,

and for operating the dies and cutter, substantially as described.

11. The combination with the levers supporting the edging-dies, of a reciprocating head and toggles between the head and levers, and adjustable bearings for the ends of the toggles, substantially as described.

12. The combination with the levers supporting the edging-dies, of a reciprocating head and toggles having end ball-bearings between the head and levers, substantially as described.

13. The combination with the levers supporting the edging-dies, of a reciprocating head and toggles having adjustable end ball bearings between the head and levers, substantially as described.

14. The combination in a nail-pointing machine With means for holding the nail-blanks and for moving them step by step to difierent positions, of edging pressure-dies supported by vertically-moving slides, substantially as described.

15. The combination in a nail-pointing machine with means for holding the nail-blanks and for moving them step by step to different positions, of edging-dies supported by vertically-moving slides and alternate facing-dies, substantially as described.-

lG. The combination in a nail-pointing machine with edging pressure-dies on verticallymovable supports, of facing-dies between the edging-dies, and a turret provided with viscs for holding blanks in a position to travel be tween the facing-dies, substantially as de scribed.

17. The combination with the dies arranged in a circle to operate on blanks carried in a circular course, of radial levers to operate the dies, and a central vertically-reciprocating head to operate the levers, substantially as described.

18. The combination With a rotating turret carrying a series of Vises, means for opening and closing each vise as it reaches a position to receive a blank to clamp the latter in a fixed position to the turret, and as it completes its rotation to discharge the blanks, and pressure-dies for operating on the points of the blanks, substantially as described.

Signed by us at New Brighton, Pennsylvania, this 13th day of June, 1899.

ERASTUS E. PIERCE. LEXVIS W. NEWTON.

Witnesses:

C. M. MERRIoK, J. F. MINER.

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