US650605A - Summary journalizing-ledger. - Google Patents

Description

No. 650,605. Patented May 29, I900.

A. U. KITTREDGE.

SUMMARY JDURNALIZINGLEDGER.

(Applicatiqp filed Nov. 22, 1897.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet I.

FORMU -fi Q H WQ No. 650,605. Patented May 29, I900.

A. 0. KITTREDGE. SUMMARY JOURNALIZING LEDGER (Applicatibn filed Nov. 22, 1897.) (No Model.) 8 SheetsSheet 2.

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'No. 650,605. Patented May 29, I900.

A. o. KITTREDGE. I

SUMMARY JOURNALIZING .LEDGER.

(Application filed Nov. 22, 1897.]

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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Patented May 29, 900.

A. 0. KITTBEDGE. SUMMARY JOURNALIZING LEDGER.

(Application filed Nov. 22, 1897.)

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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'No. 650,605. Patented May 29, I900. A. 0. KITTBEUGE.

SUMMARY JOURNALIZI'NG LEDG ER.

(Application filed Nov. 22, 1897.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Shoat 5.

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No. 650,605. Patented May 29, I900.

, A. 0. KITTREDGE. SUMMARY JOUBNALIZING LEDGEB.

(Application filed Nov. 22, 1897.) 4 (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 m5 "cams FETER5 co. PHOTO-LUNG wAsmncmm. 01c,

No. 650,605. Patented May 29, 1900..

A. .0. KITTBEDGE.

SUMMARY JOURNALIZING LEDGER.

(Application filed no); 22, 1897.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 7'.

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No. 650,605. Patented May 29, I900.

A. U. KITTREDGE. SUMMARY JOURNALIZING LEDGER.

(Application filed Nov. 2'2, 1891.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheets;

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UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

ANSON O.

nrrrannen, or NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE ACCOUNT, AUDIT AND ASSURANCE COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY.

SUMMARY JOURNALlZlNG-LEDGER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of aaaiaa No. 650,605, dated May 29, 1900.

I Application filed November 22, 1897 Serial No. 659,389. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ANSON O. KITTREDGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York,have invented a Summary J ournalizin g Ledger; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and-exact description of the same;

This invention relates, primarily, to that class of account-books called summary-ledgers, in which a statement of the business is from time to time summarized or reduced to its'lowest terms to exhibit a synoptic view of the various accounts. Such summarizing has been heretofore effected by posting from the regular books of the business upon any given date to accounts in the summary-ledger; but no provision has heretofore been made within the ledger itself to indicate and effect the cross-entries that are necessary to procure or exhibit a balance-sheet of the business.

The present invention furnishes an improved construction for a ledger in which'after the opening-balances of the several accounts are entered'the ledger may not only present at any given later date a synopsis of all the transactions of the business up to that date, but may also, without using a separate journal, afiord means for indicating and efo fecting cross-entries between the various accounts, so as to express the disposition of profits and losses and the consequent modification of the capitalistic accounts, such as dividends and divisions or impairment and 5 by providing a group of narrow leaves with spaces to receive the several accounts and arranging a wider leaf at one end of the group, upon the projecting margin of which a datecolumn and a column for journalizing formulze can'be exposed to View, together with any of the accounts upon the narrower leaves.

To extend the use of the invention, the

book is preferably formed in'sections, each having a group of the narrow leaves sufficient to receive all of the necessary accounts and each having a wider leaf with the journalizing-column upon its margin for use in connection with such section. The lines which are extended transversely through all of the columns are correspondingly numbered from the top to the bottom of each page upon the narrow leaves and upon the exposed margin of the wider leaf. By providing the date and journalizing columns upon the exposed margin of such wide leaf it may be used in com nection with the several narrower leaves as they are successivelyturned over upon the wideleaf,the transverse lines across the date and journalizing columns and account-columns enabling the entriesupon a common7o date to be readily located in the various ac counts. That portion of the wider leaf which is covered by the narrower leaves as they are turned over furnishes room for a column of journalizing particulars, wherein are entered 7 5 the explanations of the various entries in the column of formulae. The two journalizing-columns furnish a means of specifying in the formulae-column the accounts between which cross-entries or transfers are made and in the column of particulars the purpose for which such cross-entries are made. The cross-en tries permit the closing or modifying of the several accounts, so that new footings are exhibited which show with perfect exactness the condition of business at the date of posting.

The invention will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view of the first twopages and the projecting margin of the last page of the first section of the ledger. Fig. 2 is a View of the third and fourth pages and part of the first and last pages of the same section. Fig. 3 is a similar view of pages 5 and 6. Fig. 4 is a similar view of pages 7 and 8. Fig. 5 is a 5 similar View of pages 9 and 10. Fig. 6 is a similar view of pages 11 and 12, and Fig. 7 is a view of the last two pages and the projecting margin of the first page of such section. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the summarizing-ledger.

The ledger shown herein is formed with a plurality of sections, each consisting of a plurality of the narrow leaves and a single wider during which each section couldbe used would depend upon the number of lines occupied, by the entries. If each suificed for the transactions for one Week, the book would require fifty-two sections to exhibit the business for a year, or twelve sections if each section would hold the transactions for one month.

Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, show the pages of a single section adapted fora certain business,

and Fig. 8 shows the book open at the last page of one of the sections, which pageis represented in Fig. 7.

The successive entries in the journalizingcolumns would be made upon successive lines, but are widely separated in the example illustrated to prevent crowding upon the drawings.

Upon the projecting margin of page 1 of the section is placed the vertical date-column A, headed Date, the vertical journalizing-colunin B, headed Formulae, and the vertical guide-number column 0, headed N o. The remainder of the page, which is covered by the narrow leaves when turned over, is employed for a columnD, headed Explanations and Particulars. I The columns A, B, G, and D are transversely divided by lines E, extending horizontally across page 1 and-continued through the remaining pages of the section in order that the entries can be read from left to right. The small horizontal spaces formed by the lines E are numbered, consecutively, from O in the number-column (J downwardly, and each page or general division of the section is provided with a similar guidenumber column with similar numbers, which guide the eye in locating entries upon a uniform date or line in all of the accounts. Thus at the left and right hand edges of page 2, Fig. 1, are number-columns, (designated F and IL) between which is a space for a generaldivision G, headed Accounts with cash, under which heading are columns (designated gg. g") headed, respectively, Drawer and safe, Bank, and Total cash balance.

Pages 3, 4, and 5, Figs. 2 and 3, are shown provided with several numbercolumns I, between which are spaces for a general division J, headed Accounts with merchandise, such space having subdivisions J J J headed, respectively, lllanufacturing, Buy ing, and Selling.

Pages 6 and 7, Figs. 3 and 4-, are shown pro- Vided with spaces K for a general division headed Accounts with debtors, such space having subdivisions K K K headed Installment ledger,. Sundry debtors, and Notes receivable.

Page 8, Fig. 4, is shown provided with a space L for a general division headed Accounts with investments, such space having subdivisions L L L headed Necessary, Speculative, and Total balance of investments.

Pages 9 and 10, Fig. 5, are shown provided with spaces L for a general division headed Accounts with creditors, such space having' subdivisions H l Z headed Purchase accounts, Sundry creditors, Notes payable, and Total balance ofcreditors.

Page 11, Fig. 6, is shown provided with a space M for a general division headed Reserve funds, such space having subdivisions m m, headed For investment accounts and For debtors accounts.

Page 12, Fig. 6, is shown provided with a space N for a general division headed Results of transactions, such space having subdivisions n, headed Expense accounts and Losses and gains.

Page 13, Fig. 7, isshown provided with a space 0 for a'general division headed Disposal of profits and losses, such space having subdivisions 0 0, headed Dividends and divisions and Impairment and surplus.

Page 14, Fig. 7, exhibits thelast leaf of the section and is shown provided with three spaces P Q R, headed Capital, Proof-columns, Cost of goods sold, and its margin provided with a space S, headed Remarks.

In Figs. 2 to 7, inclusive, the margin of page 1 upon the broad leaf at the beginning of the section is shown projecting at the left side of the shorter leaves, while Fig. 1 shows the whole of page 1, with the entries which in the other figures are covered bythe short leaves. Fig. 7 shows the whole of page 14 at the last end of the section, the margin only of which (the space S) appears in the preceding figures, and this page 14 represents the front side of the broad leaf at the beginning of the succeeding section. The chief novelty in the construction is the provision of journalizingcolumns for use in connection with the ledgerentries, and such columns are used as follows: The balances of the several accounts 'at the opening of the ledger are entered in the several spaces provided for such accounts, the drawing showing the balances entered, under date of April 10,1897, all upon the line designated by the O in the several number columns, the word Balances being entered in the journalizing-column B, headed Form- 'ulw, and the explanation As per balancesheet of this date being entered in the journalizing-column D, headed Explanations and particulars. Under date of April 17 a summary of debit and credit footings from the several auxiliary books of the business is shown entered in the various accounts upon line designated number6, the word Report being placed in the first journalizing-column B and the explanation Bookkeeps summary of transactions in the column D.

To express the disposition of profits and losses, cross-entries are made with the use of the journalizing-columns, as follows The selling account is debited with $699.92, the cost of the goods sold, (per space R, page 14, Fig. 7,) by a transfer of $699,952 from the selling account, page 5, Fig. 3, to the buying account, page 4, Fig. 2, by entering the words Selling to buying in the formulae-column B, and the explanation For goods sold to date at cost prices in the second journalizing-column D. The balance in the selling account represents the gross profits for the period, which is transferred to loss and gain account by the second journal-entry on page 1, where on line 17 the words Selling to loss and gain are entered in column B and the explanation For gross profits on goods sold in column D. The loss and gain account is then debited with the balance in the expense account representing the expenses of the business in the same period and the same credited to expense account, which closes the latter, the journal-entries being on line 23, page 1, Loss and gain to expense in column B, and the explanation For expenses of business to date in column D. The balance of loss and gain account $372.45 is then transferred to Dividends and divisions account, page'l3, Fig. 7, the journal-entries being on line 20, page 1, Loss and gain to dividends in column B and the explanation For net profits to date in column D. The balance in dividends and divisions is then transferred to Impairment and surplus account, page 13, Fig. 7, the journal-entries on line 34, page 1, being Dividends to'imps. and sur. in column B, the explanation For profits carried to surplus in column D. The word Footings is shown in line 37, column B, and the explanation Accounts that are closed in column D, and the footing-lines drawn under such accounts show that they are closed. The amounts remaining in the unbalanced accounts stand as they are to be added in with the footings of the succeeding period. Proof-columns (shown in page 1. Fig. 7) permit the comparison of the debit and credit postings the same as in an ordinary trial-balance.

WVhenever the journalizing steps above described are completed, the ledger presents a summary of the transactions of the business to date and a statement of the solvency of the business at that date. A great advantage is secured by having the journalizingcolumn in the ledger itself, as it greatly facilitates theformation of cross-entries in the ledger,while it obviates the necessity of using a separate journal, and thus renders the accounts more private and more compact.

The advantages of my invention are very great, as by it the business man is enabled to know his condition of solvency at any time without the preliminary work of drawing off a statement, and, further, to make the necessary cross-postings in the ledger by j ournal-entries in the same book, so as to learn exactly the amount of profit or loss to date. Very important results therefore are accomplished by the one book, which is the general ledger of the business, that are impossible without it, save by the examination of several books, with the final showing in a form entirely outside of the regular books, as on a-detached sheet of paper or a leafin a book devoted to the record of prepared statements.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what is claimed herein is-- 1. As a new article of manufacture, a summary journalizing-ledger, comprising a series of adjacent vertical account-spaces each having colums headed respectively Dr. and On, a vertical journalizing-column at the side of the series with a heading indicating the journalized accounts, and lines extended transversely through all of the spaces and columns, the whole arranged and operatedas set forth to effect cross-entries between the several accounts at a given date, substantially as herein set forth.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a summary journalizing-ledger having a series of narrow leaves, bearing adjacent vertical account-spaces each having columns headed respectively Dr. and CL, and a broader leaf at the front of the series having upon the projecting margin 2. vertical j ournalizingcolumn with a heading indicating the journalized accounts, and lines extended transversely through all of the spaces and columns, the whole arranged and operated as set forth to effect cross-entries between the several accounts at a given date, substantially as herein set forth.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a summary j ournalizin g-ledger, comprising a series of adjacent vertical account-columns each adapted for debit and credit postings and having at one side a date-column and a vertical journalizing-column with divisions for formulae and particulars respectively, with lines extended transversely through all of the columns, to receive postings of uniform date upon the same line whereby cross-entries between the several accounts are indicated and explained, substantially as herein set forth.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a summary journalizing-ledger having a series of narrow leaves bearing adjacent vertical account-columns adapted each for debit and credit postings, and a broader leaf at the front of the series having upon the projecting margin vertical columns for dates and formulae, and upon the inner portion of such wide leaf an explanatory-column for the journal-entries with lines extended transversely through all of the columns to locate postings of uniform date in all of the account-columns, substantially as herein set forth.

5. As anew article of manufacture, a shin mary journalizing-lei l ger having a series of and guide-numbers, substantially as herein narrow leaves each bearing a guide-number column, and such narrow leaves having spaces for general divisions of accounts with several account-columns in each space for specific divisional accounts, and a broader leaf at one end of the series having upon the projecting margin vertical columns for dates, formulas,

set forth.

New York, N. Y., September 13, A. D. 1897.

ANSON O. KIT'lREDGE.

In presence of E. R. KITTREDGE, CHAS. D. DOCTOR.

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