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US626202A - Apparatus for treating tobacco - Google Patents

Apparatus for treating tobacco Download PDF

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US626202A
US626202A US626202DA US626202A US 626202 A US626202 A US 626202A US 626202D A US626202D A US 626202DA US 626202 A US626202 A US 626202A
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cylinders
tobacco
air
chambers
perforated
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F26B3/082—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed arrangements of devices for distributing fluidising gas, e.g. grids, nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/28—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rollers or discs with material passing over or between them, e.g. suction drum, sieve, the axis of rotation being in fixed position
    • F26B17/288—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rollers or discs with material passing over or between them, e.g. suction drum, sieve, the axis of rotation being in fixed position the materials being dried on perforated drums or rollers, e.g. sieve or suction drums
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/22—Tobacco leaves

Definitions

  • Patented may 3o, i899. n. B. uuLA.
  • My invention relates to an apparatus fortreating tobacco in preparing it for manufacture into marketable plugs and other forms, and to this end the apparatus comprises means for drying, cooling, and steaming the tobacco for the purpose of its treatment; and my invention consists in features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims. y
  • Figure I is a sectional view taken on the line I I, Fig. II, through one of the perforated cylinders and the air-chambers of the apparatus.
  • Fig. II is a top view of a series of the perforated cylinders and showing one of the air-chambers in plan View and the other in horizontal section.
  • Fig. III is a vertical transverse section taken on the line III III, Fig. I.
  • Fig. IV is a cross-sectional view of a modified form of cylinder.
  • Fig. V is a side elevation of a driving mechanism for imparting motion to the perforated cylinders.
  • Fig. VI is a side View of the entire apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention, the hot-air box Fig.
  • VII is an enlarged detail side elevation of the driving mechanism for imparting motion-to the perforated cylinders, showing the differential gearing having worms of dierent pitch.
  • I employa series ofl perforated cylinders that are open at each end to communicate with air-chambers for the purpose of permitting the admission of currents of hot air, cold air, and steam from said chambers into the interior of the front, intermediate, and rear series of perforated cylinders, respectively, whence the currents escape through the perforations in the cylinders and are directed against a stratum of tobacco fed directly ontoY the tops of the cylinders and traveling from one cylinder to another in the rotation or vturning of the cylinders.
  • FIG. 1 designates the base of the apparatus,above which are chambers 2, adapted to receive currents of hot air, cold air, and steam entering through apertures 3, that may be located in the base l, as shown in. the drawings, Figs. I and II, or in any other suitable position, leading into the chambers 2.
  • the perforated cylinders may be of any suitable material, and in Figs. I to III,
  • each shaft 4 Onone end of each shaft 4 is a gear-wheel 7. These gear-wheels 7 are driven in pairs by spur-wheels 8, that mesh in .each instan ce with two adjoining gear-wheels, so that two of the shafts4 are turned through the medium of one spur-wheel 8, and consequently the cylinders carriedf by the shafts thus turned are revolved therewith.
  • the gearing or driving mechanism thus described may be so constructed and operated that all of the vcylinders 5 may be revolvedat the same rate speed of the cylinders should be desired, the worms 9 may be of varied pitch, which, as shown in the drawings, they are, and as a consequence a variation of travel of the spurf IOO wheels results and is transmitted to the revolving cylinders, or the gearing or driving mechanism may be so arranged to accomplish dilferential speeds of the cylinders, so that the rate of speed of the cylinders will increase from the feed end to the discharge end of the machine or decrease from lthe feed end to the discharge end, or so that alternate cylinders will travel at greater or less rates of speed than those succeeding throughout the extent of the apparatus.
  • the pieces of tobacco will be more effectually separated from each other as they pass through the machine, as the layer of tobacco in passing from a cylinder on to a faster-turning one will be pulled or jerked apart.
  • Fig. VI I have shown the entire apparatus on a small scale, as used, the cylinders being sui-mounted by hoods 12, 13, and 14, opened at the top and located between the air-chambers-
  • the front hood 12 incloses the tops of the cylinders at the feed end of the apparatus, and beneath the apparatus at this end is an air-heating box 15, from which pipes 16 lead to the interior of the air-chambers 2 through the apertures
  • the air-heating box contains a steam or other heating pipe 17 and is supplied with a current of air from a blower 18, leading into the box.
  • the intermediate hood 13 surmounts the central por tion of the apparatus.
  • partitions 19 In the air-chambers 2 are partitions 19, (see Fig.
  • VL VL
  • Cold air is supplied to the cylinders 5, located beneath the hood 13, the cold air being forced into the chamber 2 through pipes 20 from a blower 2l, the cold air cooling the tobacco and further assisting in drying it.
  • Steam is supplied to the cylinders l5, located beneath the rear hood 14, being conveyed thereto throughjpipes 22. In passing over the cylinders 5 under the hood 14 the tobacco is steamed, after being heated and dried, to render its condition suitable for handlingin manufacturingitinto commercial form for market.
  • the tobacco is fed in at .the end A onto the perforated cylinders 5, the cylinders being in motion to convey the tobacco through the apparatus. fhile the tobacco is traveling over the cylinders inclosed by the hood 12 the currents of hot air are directed against and through the tobacco to drive the moisture therefrom and out through the hood, asindicated by the arrows. As the tobacco passes on over the cylinders and bencaththe hood 13 currents of cold air are directed against it from the pipes 2O to cool and dry the tobacco, and the air finds escape from the hood in the direction as indicated by the arrows. The tobacco then enters beneath the hood 14, and the currents of steam from the pipes 22, passing into and through the cylinders, are directed against the tobacco to moisten it, the steam passing out of the hood in order to permit a continuous flow of the steam-current.
  • the tobacco then escapes at the discharge end B in proper condition for handling and Workingup into marketable shape.
  • the machine is Well adapted for drying and ordering tobacco after it is taken from the bath into which it has been placed, as is customary in the manufacture of plug-tobacco, as the machine Will first dry the tobacco, then cool it, and then add the desired amount of moisture to prepare it for the further process of manufacturing it into the plugs.
  • An apparatus fortreating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate having hot-air apertures, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders providing communication between the cylinders and the hot-air apertures, an air-heating box communicating with the hot-air apertures, and means for forcing currents of air through the air-heating box; substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, a hood having an open top and located over the perforated cylinders, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, having hot-air apertures, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders providing communication between the cylinders andthe hot-air apertures, and an air forcing and heating device connected with the hot-air apertures; substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, and a cold-air-forcing device connected with the chambers; substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, a hood having an open top and located over the perforated cylinders, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, having cold-air apertures, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, and a cold-air-forcing device connected with the chambers; substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, -a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and con nected therewith, and steampipes connected With the chambers; substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, a hood having an open top and located over the perforated cylinders, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, and a steampipe connected with the chambers; substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and ⁇ adapted to receivesup port and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, air-chambers in communication with said cylinders, hoods located over said cylinders, and means for forcing currents of hot air, cold air or steam into said air-chambers; substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders at different rates of speed, and means for forcing currents of hot air, cold air, or steam into said cylinders;'substantially as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, an air-heating device connected with the front portion of the chambers, a cold-air device connected With the intermediate portion of thel chambers, and steam-pipes connected with the rear portion of the chambers; substantiallyv as described.
  • An apparatus for treating tobacco, com prising aseries of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cyl inders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, a hood s havin g an open top and located over the front cylinders, a hood having an open top and loa cated over the intermediate cylinders, and a hood having an open top and located over the rear cylinders; substantially as described.
  • ROBERT B DULA. In presence of- E. S. KNIGHT, STANLEY STONER.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Description

Q 9 m 0, 3 V. a M d e .t n e l a P 2. 0 6 2 6 n" N R. B. DULA. APPARATUS FOB TBEATING TOBACCO Imran 02" (Application filed Apr. 21, 1898.)
J .myNSf unnulmmm (No Model.)
me nonms Pzvsns co. Pnoourwa, wAsnmaYoN, D. c.
Patented May 30, |899.
ny. nuLA. APPARATUS FOR TBEATING TOBACCO.
(Application med Apr. 21, 1 898.)
3 Sheets-'Sheet 2.
(no Model.) l
No. 626,202. Patented may 3o, i899. n. B. uuLA.
APPARATUS FUR TREATING TOBACCO.
lApplication filed Apr. 21, X898.)
um nnnn l.)
'Wjm y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ROBERT B. DULA, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.
APPARATUS FOR TREATING TOBACCO.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 626,202, dated May 30, 1899.
Application filed April 21, 1898. Serial No. 678,417. (No model.)
the following is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.
My invention relates to an apparatus fortreating tobacco in preparing it for manufacture into marketable plugs and other forms, and to this end the apparatus comprises means for drying, cooling, and steaming the tobacco for the purpose of its treatment; and my invention consists in features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims. y
Figure I is a sectional view taken on the line I I, Fig. II, through one of the perforated cylinders and the air-chambers of the apparatus. Fig. II is a top view of a series of the perforated cylinders and showing one of the air-chambers in plan View and the other in horizontal section. Fig. III is a vertical transverse section taken on the line III III, Fig. I. Fig. IV is a cross-sectional view of a modified form of cylinder. Fig. V is a side elevation of a driving mechanism for imparting motion to the perforated cylinders. Fig. VI is a side View of the entire apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention, the hot-air box Fig.
of which is shown in vertical section. VII is an enlarged detail side elevation of the driving mechanism for imparting motion-to the perforated cylinders, showing the differential gearing having worms of dierent pitch.
In carrying out my invention I employa series ofl perforated cylinders that are open at each end to communicate with air-chambers for the purpose of permitting the admission of currents of hot air, cold air, and steam from said chambers into the interior of the front, intermediate, and rear series of perforated cylinders, respectively, whence the currents escape through the perforations in the cylinders and are directed against a stratum of tobacco fed directly ontoY the tops of the cylinders and traveling from one cylinder to another in the rotation or vturning of the cylinders.
ley 11 from a suitable motor.
1 designates the base of the apparatus,above which are chambers 2, adapted to receive currents of hot air, cold air, and steam entering through apertures 3, that may be located in the base l, as shown in. the drawings, Figs. I and II, or in any other suitable position, leading into the chambers 2. v
4 designates shafts mounted in the walls of the chambers 2 and capable of turning freely therein. On the shafts 4 are perforated cylin- .ders 5, the ends of which are attached to spiders 6, fixed to the shafts 4, so as to turn therewith. The ends of the cylinders 5 are arranged in openings 2a in the inner-Walls of the chambers 2 for the purpose of placing the cylinders in communication with the interior of the said chambers. The perforated cylinders may be of any suitable material, and in Figs. I to III,
inclusive, I have shown them constructed of wire-cloth, while in Fig. IV a cylinder 5a is shown constructed of a tube having perfora- I have shown means for driving them, which I will now describe.
Onone end of each shaft 4 is a gear-wheel 7. These gear-wheels 7 are driven in pairs by spur-wheels 8, that mesh in .each instan ce with two adjoining gear-wheels, so that two of the shafts4 are turned through the medium of one spur-wheel 8, and consequently the cylinders carriedf by the shafts thus turned are revolved therewith. Motion is' impartedto the spur-wheels 8 through the medium of worms 9, fixed to a shaft 10, said shaft being driven by power applied to a pul- The gearing or driving mechanism thus described may be so constructed and operated that all of the vcylinders 5 may be revolvedat the same rate speed of the cylinders should be desired, the worms 9 may be of varied pitch, which, as shown in the drawings, they are, and as a consequence a variation of travel of the spurf IOO wheels results and is transmitted to the revolving cylinders, or the gearing or driving mechanism may be so arranged to accomplish dilferential speeds of the cylinders, so that the rate of speed of the cylinders will increase from the feed end to the discharge end of the machine or decrease from lthe feed end to the discharge end, or so that alternate cylinders will travel at greater or less rates of speed than those succeeding throughout the extent of the apparatus. By having the cylinders move at diferent rates of speed the pieces of tobacco will be more effectually separated from each other as they pass through the machine, as the layer of tobacco in passing from a cylinder on to a faster-turning one will be pulled or jerked apart.
In Fig. VI, I have shown the entire apparatus on a small scale, as used, the cylinders being sui-mounted by hoods 12, 13, and 14, opened at the top and located between the air-chambers- The front hood 12 incloses the tops of the cylinders at the feed end of the apparatus, and beneath the apparatus at this end is an air-heating box 15, from which pipes 16 lead to the interior of the air-chambers 2 through the apertures The air-heating box contains a steam or other heating pipe 17 and is supplied with a current of air from a blower 18, leading into the box. The intermediate hood 13 surmounts the central por tion of the apparatus. In the air-chambers 2 are partitions 19, (see Fig. VL) that separate the air-chambers from each other. Cold air is supplied to the cylinders 5, located beneath the hood 13, the cold air being forced into the chamber 2 through pipes 20 from a blower 2l, the cold air cooling the tobacco and further assisting in drying it. Steam is supplied to the cylinders l5, located beneath the rear hood 14, being conveyed thereto throughjpipes 22. In passing over the cylinders 5 under the hood 14 the tobacco is steamed, after being heated and dried, to render its condition suitable for handlingin manufacturingitinto commercial form for market.
In the operation of the apparatus the tobacco is fed in at .the end A onto the perforated cylinders 5, the cylinders being in motion to convey the tobacco through the apparatus. fhile the tobacco is traveling over the cylinders inclosed by the hood 12 the currents of hot air are directed against and through the tobacco to drive the moisture therefrom and out through the hood, asindicated by the arrows. As the tobacco passes on over the cylinders and bencaththe hood 13 currents of cold air are directed against it from the pipes 2O to cool and dry the tobacco, and the air finds escape from the hood in the direction as indicated by the arrows. The tobacco then enters beneath the hood 14, and the currents of steam from the pipes 22, passing into and through the cylinders, are directed against the tobacco to moisten it, the steam passing out of the hood in order to permit a continuous flow of the steam-current.
The tobacco then escapes at the discharge end B in proper condition for handling and Workingup into marketable shape.
The machine is Well adapted for drying and ordering tobacco after it is taken from the bath into which it has been placed, as is customary in the manufacture of plug-tobacco, as the machine Will first dry the tobacco, then cool it, and then add the desired amount of moisture to prepare it for the further process of manufacturing it into the plugs.
By passing the tobacco over a series of revolving cylinders the stratum is given a constant and gentle agitation and will not ball up as it does when tumbled upon itself, which is the action it receives when placed within a revolving cylinder.
I claim as my invention- 1. An apparatus fortreating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate having hot-air apertures, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders providing communication between the cylinders and the hot-air apertures, an air-heating box communicating with the hot-air apertures, and means for forcing currents of air through the air-heating box; substantially as described.
2. An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, a hood having an open top and located over the perforated cylinders, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, having hot-air apertures, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders providing communication between the cylinders andthe hot-air apertures, and an air forcing and heating device connected with the hot-air apertures; substantially as described.
3. An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, and a cold-air-forcing device connected with the chambers; substantially as described.
4.. An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, a hood having an open top and located over the perforated cylinders, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, having cold-air apertures, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, and a cold-air-forcing device connected with the chambers; substantially as described.
IOO
IIO
'5. An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, -a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and con nected therewith, and steampipes connected With the chambers; substantially as described.
6. An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, a hood having an open top and located over the perforated cylinders, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, and a steampipe connected with the chambers; substantially as described.
7. An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and `adapted to receivesup port and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, air-chambers in communication with said cylinders, hoods located over said cylinders, and means for forcing currents of hot air, cold air or steam into said air-chambers; substantially as described.
8. An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprising a series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders at different rates of speed, and means for forcing currents of hot air, cold air, or steam into said cylinders;'substantially as described.
9. .An apparatus for treating tobacco, comprisinga series of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cylinders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, an air-heating device connected with the front portion of the chambers, a cold-air device connected With the intermediate portion of thel chambers, and steam-pipes connected with the rear portion of the chambers; substantiallyv as described.
l0. An apparatus for treating tobacco, com prising aseries of perforated cylinders rotatably mounted and adapted to receive, support, and carry a stratum of tobacco which passes thereover, means for rotating said cyl inders, a base over which the cylinders operate, chambers located at the ends of the cylinders and communicating therewith, a hood s havin g an open top and located over the front cylinders, a hood having an open top and loa cated over the intermediate cylinders, and a hood having an open top and located over the rear cylinders; substantially as described. ROBERT B. DULA. In presence of- E. S. KNIGHT, STANLEY STONER.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE903436C (en) * 1939-08-24 1954-02-04 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken G Method and device for the production of ready-to-pack cigarettes
US3280825A (en) * 1963-04-19 1966-10-25 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method and an apparatus for moistening hygroscopic material
US4269593A (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-05-26 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Roller grate material bed conveying and heat exchange apparatus providing plural bed depths
US4270899A (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-06-02 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Roller grate material bed transporting and heat exchange apparatus
US4338079A (en) * 1979-12-21 1982-07-06 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Method and apparatus for subjecting mineral particles to gas flow

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE903436C (en) * 1939-08-24 1954-02-04 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken G Method and device for the production of ready-to-pack cigarettes
US3280825A (en) * 1963-04-19 1966-10-25 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method and an apparatus for moistening hygroscopic material
US4269593A (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-05-26 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Roller grate material bed conveying and heat exchange apparatus providing plural bed depths
US4270899A (en) * 1979-12-21 1981-06-02 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Roller grate material bed transporting and heat exchange apparatus
US4338079A (en) * 1979-12-21 1982-07-06 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Method and apparatus for subjecting mineral particles to gas flow
WO1982002247A1 (en) * 1980-12-23 1982-07-08 Allis Chalmers Method and apparatus for subjecting mineral particles to gas flow

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