US602874A - Plumb-level - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

T. N.- ROAGH. PLUMB LEVEL.

' No. 602,874. Patented Apr.26,1898i WITNESSES: W l/VVEA/TUR ATTORNEYS 1 uonms :rrzns co, Pumaumo AASNINGTQH w c UNITED STATES rrrcn.

PATENT PLUMB=LEVEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,874, dated April as, 1898. Application filed June 10,1897. Serial No. 640,121. (NomodelJ To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS N. ROACH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort iVayne, in the county of Allen, in the State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plumb-Levels; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in plumb-levels forthe use of carpenters, masons, and all other persons having occasion to determine levels and angles of inclination; and the objects of my invention are to provide a cheap and durable instrument, simple in operation, which can be used by any person of ordinary intelligence in determining vertical, horizontal, and inclined planes, sufficiently accurate for all ordinary purposes within limited distances, where a theodolite or other expensive instruments for leveling in the hands of professional engineers are generally employed, and which is also adapted for all the ordinary uses of a spirit-level. I attain these objects by the instrument illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of the completed instrument ready for use. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the line X X of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail side view of Fig. 1, partly in section, to show the adjustment of the reservoir in the stock; and Fig. at is a detail in section of the reservoir shown in Fig. 2.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several views, in whichi 1 is the stock or body, preferably of wood, provided with the usual metal end plates to protect it from injury and having in its side a transverse aperture 2, in which is secured a reservoir comprised of two plates 5 and 6, of glass or other transparent material, and having between their adjacent faces a chamber 10, formed by circular recesses sunk-within the plates, as shown in Fig. 2, and on their outer edges lugs 12 12 for convenience of adits periphery and the flange 11 for filling with V cement. A tubular orifice 8 extends outwardly from the chamber 10 through the plate 5 to the outer edge of the stock, as shown in Fig. 4. The two plates 5 and 6 are placed together and hermetically sealed by filling in the space between the outer edge of the plate 5 and the flange 11 with a cement or any other proper material, thus forming the chamber 10, which is half filled, through the orifice 8, with any proper liquid, preferably alcohol, and the orifice hermetically closed. The reservoir is then placed within the aperture 2 of the stock, midway between its sides, and properly secured, and over each face of the reservoir is secured, to the opposite sides of the stock, by screws 4, an annular casing or plate 3 and 3, having inwardly-converging sides, which contact with the reservoir and have a circular opening for the said glass faces. The converging sides of these casings or plates form a dial-face which is divided into equal parts by graduated scale-markings thereon. The casing 3 has its horizontal and vertical diameters at right angles indicated by zero: marks on the dial-plates and the intermediate spaces divided into degrees, as shown in Fig. 1. The opposite casing 3 has its horizontal and vertical diameters indicated by zero-marks in like manner and the intermediate spaces subdivided into feet and inches and parts of inches, or, according to the met ric system, into meters and its subdivisions.

The reservoir being half filled with alcohol, as described, is so adjusted and secured within the stock that the diametric zero-marks upon the dial-plate will coincide with the upper surface of the liquid when the stock is in a true parallel plane with the earths su rface, as shown in Fig. 1. It is obvious that when so adjusted if the stock is placed in a vertical position by the familiar law of fluids, the surface of the fluid in the reservoir will register with the zero-marks perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the stoclnbody and that any degree of inclination either from a will show the angle of elevation to be forty- 1 The instrument thus arrangedfive degrees. can be used by the carpenter and joiner in plumbing his work, as also the mason, and a street grade or embankment can be as readily constructed or determined.

The instrument is always ready for use and p is practically accurate for both purposes It is obvious that it is immaterial which of the plates 5 and 6 is the larger and that the graduated scales can be marked upon the outer face of the plates or that a circular disk having the scales marked thereon can beinterposed between the faces of the reservoir and the casings 3 and 3 without departing from the scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A plumb-level having a stock with a central transverse opening through its sides; a reservoir having parallel sides of transparent material and a circular interior chamber, secured within said opening; a mobile liquid within said chamber having its upper surface coincident with the diameter of said chamber; a disk or ring having an interior circular opening and adapted to be secured over the said reservoir upon each side thereof and having a graduated scale upon the outer face of each disk; the orifice 8 for introducing the liquid within the reservoir, and means for hermetically sealing it therein; all arranged substantially as described and shown.

2. A plumb-level having a stock-body with a central transverse opening through its sides;

a reservoir having parallel sides of transparent material and a circular interior chamber, secured within said opening by proper lugs; a mobile liquid within said chamber having its upper surface coincident with the diameter of said chamber; a disk having an interior circular opening secured on each side of the stock over the reservoir; a graduated scale'upon the sides of the chamber within said disks; the orifices and means for hermetically sealing the liquid in said chamber; all arranged substantially as described and shown.

3. A plumb-level, having a stock-body with a central transverse opening through its sides; areservoir secured byproper lugs within said openinghavin g parallel transparent sides and a circular interior chamber; a mobile liquid within said chamber having its upper surface coincident with the diameter thereof; a disk or rim having an interior circular opening adapted to be secured to the stock upon one side of the said reservoir, and having a graduated scale to indicate feet and inches of inclination of the stock by the registering of the liquid with the scale, and upon the other or reverse side another disk or rim having also a circular opening and adapted to be secured to the stock and having a graduated scale to indicate the inclination of the stock according to the metric system as the liquid registers therewith; the orifice 8 for introducing the liquid within the reservoir, and means for hermetically sealing it therein; all arranged substantially as described.

Signed by me, at Fort Wayne, Indiana, this 5th day of June, 1897.

THOMAS N. ROAOH. In presence oflVIARSHALL COMIN OAVISH, Aucus'rus A. CHAPIN.

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