US593570A - Automatic wagon-brake - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shoot; l.

H. H. EMERY. AUTOMATIC WAGON BRAKE.

v a ,Ingfer J-Elrryjl'mery (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. H, EMERY. AUTOMATIG WAGON BRAKE.

No. 593.570. Patented Nov. 16, 1897.

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UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE,

HARRY H. EMERY, oF LAMARTINE, crno.

AuToMATlo wAGoN-BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 593,570, dated November 16, 1897. Application filed January 23, 1897. Serial No. 620,416. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may cancer-n.-

Be it known that I, HARRY H. EMERY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lamartinc,in the county of Carroll and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Automatic lVagon-Brake, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in automatic wagon-brakes.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction of wagon-brakes and to provide one which will be purely automatic in its operation and adapted to check the forward movement of a Vehicle in descending a hill and capable of securely holding a vehicle when it is desired to stop the same for any purpose in ascending or descending an incline.

A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic wagon-brake which can be readily arranged to permit a vehicle to be backed without Operating it.

The invention consists in the construction and novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described,illustrated in the drawings, and pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a running-gear provided with an automatic brake constructed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on linex cc of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitndinal sectional view of the front portion of the running-gear. Fig. 4 is a similar view of the rear portion of the running-gear. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view on line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the adjusting device for taking up the wear on the brake-shoes. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are detail views illustrating the manner of mounting the slide of the reach.

Like numerals of reference designate corresponding` parts in all the figures of the drawings.

1 1 designate a pair of brake-levers disposed horizonta-lly and f ulcrumed between their ends on a transverse bar 2, and having their outer ends located in advance of and adapted to engage the hind Wheels 3 of a running-gear. The outer ends of the brake-levers carry brake-shoes 4, preferably constructed of wood and arranged in holders 5 in order that they may be readily replaced when worn.

The brake-levers are automatically operated by the forward movement of a load and also by the backward pressure of the tongue 6, so that the brake is operative when the running-gear is provided with a body and is loaded and when it is not. v

The body, as illustrated in dotted lines in Figs. 3 and 4, is supported by a front bolster 7, which is provided with atransverse roller 8, and by an loscillating bar 9, which is suspended by links 10 from the standards ll of the rear bolster 12, and which is capable of backward and forward movement. V'As the body or load shifts forward on the runninggear when the Vehicle is going downhillv it' carries the transverse bar 9 forward and actuates the brake-levers by the means hereinafter described.

The movable bar 9, which is provided at opposite sides of the Vehicle with forwardly-extending arms, is connected by links 13 with arms 14 of a transverse rock-shaft 15, and the latter is provided with a dependin g centrallyarranged arm 16 and is connected with the sliding` bar 17 by a rod 18. The rod 18 is pivoted at its rear end to the central arm 16 of the rock-shaft and its front terminal is secured to the lower face of the sliding bar 17, which is disposed transversely of the runninggear in rear of the brake-levers land which is arranged in suitable guides 19. The ends of the sliding bar are connected by short rods or links 20 with the outer arms of the bralcelevers, and when the rock-shaft is rotated by the forward movement of the transverse bar 9 the sliding bar 17 is drawn rearward, carrying with it the outer portions of the brakelevers and applying the bralre.` The guides 19 are mounted on the upper faces of the rear hounds 21, which are arranged parallel and extend from the rear axle to the ends of the transverse bar 2.

The transverse supporting-bar 2 is provided at its lower face with a loop 22, which embraces the reach 23, and the latter is secured to the loop by means of a horzontal pin 24, suitable perforations being provided for the reception of such pin to enable the runninggear to be lengthened or shortened to the desired extent. The rear portion of the running-gear is also supported by forwardlyconverging brace-rods 25, extending from the rear axle to the terminals of the loop 22.

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' ited, and the parts are properly adjusted to l Ain engagement with the hind wheels, the j spring-actuated bolt is permitted to engageA The inner portions of the brake-levers are supported by guides 26, and their inner terminals are co-nnected by links 27 with the inner adjacent ends of a pair of short transverse levers 28, which are f ulcrumed between their ends on the transverse supporting-bar 2 and which are designed to increase the leverage to the desired extent, in order that a comparatively slight backward pressure on the tongue 6 will effectually apply the brake.

The outer ends of the short transverse levers 28 are connected by links 29 with the ends of an adjustable cross-bar 30, mounted on the rear end of a reach- slide 3,1. The reach-slide 31, which is arranged in a suitable longitudinal way 32, is provided at its rear end with a series of perforations adapted for the recept-ion of' a pin 33 or other suitable fastening device to enable the cross-bar 30 to be moved backward or forward on the, slide 31 to position the parts properly when the reach of the running-gear is adjusted for lengthening or shortening the said runninggear. The transverse bar 2 is provided With a central mortise or recess to provide a passage for the coupling or reach-slide 31, and by arrangin g the coupling-pin 24 horizontally it does not interfere with the slide 31,.

The guides or ways 32 preferably consist of strips secured to the upper face of the reach and disposed longitudinally thereof, and the reciprocation of the slide 31 is regulated by an adjustable plate 34, which is provided at opposite sides with laterally-extending lugs 35, arranged in keepers or guides 36. The keepers or guides 3.6 are secured to the upper faces of 'the strips which form the ways 32.

The adjustable plate 34 is provided with longit-udinal slots 37, through which pass fasteni'ng devices 38 of a cross-bar 39 to form a clip or clamp for securing the plate 34 to the slide 31. The rear end of the plate 34 is adapted to engage a rack 40, consisting of a series of teeth located at the upper face of' the slide 31 and extending longitudinally thereof. The plate 34 is providedV at its front end'with a stem or tongue 41, arranged in a transverse guide or keeper 42, which is mounted on the upper face ofV the slide 31 and which is located in advance of` the guides 36. By this construction the movement or length of reciprocation of'the slide, and also the tongue when the latter is free,l is regulated and limaccommodate themselves to the position of the parts of the running-gear.

The front end of the reach-slide 31 is connected by a rod 43 Witha slide 44, to which 'the tongue is pivoted, and the slide 44 and the tongue are mounted between the front hounds and are adapted to reciprocate longitudinal'ly of the running-gear.V lVhen the tongue is forced rearward by reason of the running-gear advancin g on the draft-animals` applying the brake. As the draft-animals move forward the hind wheels are instantly relieved of the brake-shoes, so that the automatic brake does not offer any resistance to the forward movem ent of the Vehicle by the animals.

In order to enable the wear of the brakeshoes to be readily taken up, the rod 43 is provided with an ad j usting device 45, which is clearly illustrated in Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings, and which consists of sections 46 and 47 and a plate 48. The section 46 is provided with a pair of loops 49, and the other section 47 has a series of openings 50, adapted to register'with an opening 51 of the section 46. The section 47, which is adapted to slide in the loops 49, is secured at any desired adjustment by the plate 48, which is provided at one end with a dependinglug 51a, which extends through the opening 51, and which is adapted to engage one of the openings 50. The plate 48 is secured to thesection 46 by a suitable fastening device which retains the lug 51"* in engagement with the section 47. The adj usting device enables the connections between the: tongue and the brake-levers to be lengthened to compensate for the wear on the brake-shoes.

The slide 44 is bifurcated to receive the tongue 6, which is connected with the slide by a horizontal pivot-pin and is adapted to swing upward and downward, its movement being limited by a keeper 52, located at the top of the slide, and a plate located at the bottom of' the slide and'connecting the4 front ends of the hounds 5,3.

The whiffletrees are pivotally mounted on a plate 54, which is secured to the upper face of the slide 44, and they are. braced bya slotted plate or bar 55, which extends forward from a transverse plate 56, and which receives the pivot-bolt of the doubletree in its slot.

The slide 44 is provided at its upper face with recesses 57 and 58, adapted to. be engaged by a vertically-disposed spring-actuated ,bolt 59, which is mounted in a suitable casing or housing 60. The casing or housing 60 is recessed toform an arch, and a spiral spring, which is disposed on the bolt 59, is interposed between the top of the housing or casing and a stop of the bolt, whereby the latter is forced downward and is held'in engagement with the slide 44.

VVhen it is desired to lock the brake-shoes the recess 57, and when itis desired to throw The spring-actuated bolt is operated by a v hand-lever 61, located in front of the Wagonjbody in convenient reach of the driver and fulcrumed between its endson a support 62,4

`which rises from the plate 56, and which is j located directly above the slide44.

end of the hand-lever 61 is connected with the The front.

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spring-actuated bolt 59 by a rod 63, and the lever is provided With a pawl and ratchet or any other suitable device to hold the springactuated bolt out of engagement With the slide 44.

The front end of the reach 23 is arranged in a recess 65 of an axle bed or bar 66, and the shoulders formed by the recess 65 limit the cramping moveinent of the front axle. By this construction the swing of the front axle is limited Whether a body is employed on the running-gear or not.

The bolster 7 is held rigid with the reach by means of braces 67, extending forward from the strips which form the ways 32, and the Sand-board or bolster which is interposed between the axle bed or bar 66 and the bolster 7 is recessed over the reach to provide a passage-way for the rod 43. The roller 8, which facilitates the shifting of the Wagon-body or load, is' journaled in suitable bearings of the front standards 68, and the latter are also provided with Vertical rollers 69, arranged to engage the outer faces of the sides of the Wagon-body.

lVhen it is desired to lock a vehicle against backward movement when ascending a hill, a

brake-shoe 70 is engaged With the hind Wheels at the back thereof. The brake-shoe 70 is mounted on an arm of a bell-crank lever 71, which is fulcrumed at its angle at one end of the rear axle, and which extends longitudinally of the running-bear at the inner face of the adjacent hind Wheel. The bell-crank lever 71, which is located above the center of the hind Wheel, has a short arm 72, which carries a pivoted pawl 73, and the latter when released is adapted to engage a ratchet 74 of the hub of the hind Wheel, whereby when the Wheel moves backward the short arm of the bell-crank lever 71 will be swung upward to carry the brake-shoe into contact with the Wheel. The ratchet 74 may be of any desired construction, and it consists of an annular series of stops or shoulders mounted on the hub at the inner end thereof.

The brake-shoe 70 is normally supported out of engagement with the hind Wheel by a spring-rod 75, secured to the rear face of the rear bolster and projecting beyond the adjacent end thereof. This resilient rod 75 is adapted to be readily depressed by the bellcrank lever 71 when the Wheel operates to apply the brake.

The pivoted pawl 7 3 is supported out of engagenient with the ratchet of the hub by a transverse lever 76, which is fulcrumed between its ends on an arm of the rear bolster, and which is connected at its inner end to a longit-udinallydisposed connecting-rod 77. The connecting-bolster of the running-gear and its front end is pivoted to one arm of a bell-crank lever 78, which is fulcrumed at its angle on a suitable bearing-bracket, and which has its other arm connected with the rod 63. At the front bolster the connectingrod 77 is provided with a knuckle, which is located substantially centrally over the pin bolt or pivot of the front axle in order to enable the connectionsto yield to the movements of the front axle and the pole in turning or crarnping a Vehicle.

By manipulating the hand-lever 61 the outer arm of the transverse lever 76 is swung rearward and the pivoted pawl is permitted to drop into eng-agement with one of the teeth or stops of the ratchet 74. The forward rotation of the hind Wheel has no effect on the bell-crank lever 71, as the stops or teeth of the ratchet 74 will tend to throw the pivoted pawl forward away from them. t

The rear bolster has a horizontal ,bracket 79 secured to it, and this bracket consists of a stem and a loop receiving and supporting the transverse rock-shaft 15, which is also journaled at its ends in suitable bearings of the rear hounds. 'Inclined braces 80 support the rear standards 11 and extend upward from the rear hounds to a point between the ends of the standards 11.

It will be seen that the automatic brake is positive and reliable in operation, that it operates when a vehicle is ascending or descending a hill, and that the parts may be readily arranged to perniit a Vehicle to be backed freely.

Changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

What I claim is- 1. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with a runninggear, of brake-levers fulcrumed thereon and arranged to engag'e the hind wheels, an oscillating` support mounted on the running-gear and adapted to receive and be actuated by, a Wagon-body or load, andv mechanism mounted on the running-gear and connected directly to the oscillating support and to the brake-levers, whereby the brake will be applied when the Wagon-body or a load shifts forward, substantially as described.

2. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of an oscillating support located above the rear axle and provided with arms or links suspended from the rear standards, said 'support being adapted to receive a Wagon-body or load, brake mechanism arranged to engage the hind Wheels, and mechanism mounted on the running-gear and connected directly to the oscillating support and to the brake mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of an oscillating support located above the rear axle and provided With links suspended from the rear standards, a transverse rock-shaft' journaled on therunning-gear, links connected to the oscillating support and to the rock-shaft and asliding bar mounted on the running-gear and connected with the rock-shaft, substantially as described.

4. In a vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of an oscillating support mounted on the running-gear above the rear axle and provided With links suspended from the rear standards, a transverse rock-shaft journaled on the running-gear and provided with arms connected with the oscillating support, said rock-shaft being also provided with.

a centrally-arranged arm, a sliding bar arranged transversely of the running-gear in suitable guides and connected With the central arm of the rock-shaft, and brake-levers fulcrumed on the running-gear and connected With the sliding bar, substantially as described. V.

5. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a pair of brake-levers fulcrumed between their ends on the runninggear and arranged to engage the hind Wheels, a sliding bar disposed transversely of the running-gear in suitable guides thereof and connected With the brake-levers, a transverse rock-shaft journaled on the running-gear and connected With the sliding bar, and means for eonnecting the rock-shaft With a Wagon-body or a load, Whereby When the Wagon-body moves forward on the running-gear, the brake mechanism will be operated, substantially as described.

6. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of a lever fulcrumed at one side of the running-bear adjacent to one of the hind Wheels, and extending rearward, a brake-Shoe or similar device carried by the lever and arranged to e'ngage the hind Wheel at the back-thereof, and a pawl connected With the lever and adapted to engage the hind Wheel, Whereby the brake is'applied, substantially as described.

7. In avehicle-brake, the combination with a running-gear, of a brake-lever disposed longitudinally of the running-gear at the inner face of one of the hind Wheels and arranged to engage the same at the back thereof, said lever being located above the center of the Wheel, a pivoted paWl connected With the lever and arranged to engage the hub of the Wheel Whereby When the latter rotates rear- Ward the l'ever Will be carried into engagement With it, and means for holding the pivoted pawl normally out of engagement With the hub of the Wheel, substantially as described.

8. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a ratchet arranged on the hub of one of the hind Wheels, a bell-crank lever arranged at the inner face of the hind Wheel and located above the center thereof, said lever being fulcrumed at its angle, a brake-Shoe located at the rear end of the lever and arranged to engage the back of the hind Wheel, a paWl pivoted to the front end of the lever and adapted to swing downward into engagement With the ratchet, and means for holding the paWl out of engagement With the ratchet, substantially as described.

9. In a Vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a lever fulcrumed on the same at the inner face of one of the hind Wheels and extendin g rearward from the rear axle, said lever having its rear end arranged to engage the back of the hind Wheel, a springrod mounted on the running-gear and holding the lever normally elevated out of engagement With the hind Wheel, said spring-rod being adapted to be readily depressed When the brake is applied, and a paWl connected with the lever and arranged to engage the hind Wheel, substantially as and for the purpose described.

10. In a vehicle-brake,the combination With a running-gear, of a lever fulcrumed thereon and located adjacent to the inner face of one of the hind Wheels, the rear end of the lever being arranged to en gage the back of the Wheel, a pawl carried by the lever and arran ged to engage the Wheel, atransverse lever fulcrumed on the running-gear and holding the paWl normally out of engagement With the Wheel, a longitudinal connecting-rod extending forward from the transverse lever, an Operating-lever and a bell-crank lever connected With the said rod and With the operating-lever, substantially as described.

11. In a vehicle-brake,the combination with a running-gear provided at its reach With suitable longitudinal Ways, a reciprocating slide mounted in the ways and provided with' a rack, guides arranged at opposite sides of the slide, an adjustable plate engaging the rack and having lugs fitting in the said guides, Whereby the reciprocation of the slide is limited, brake mechanism connected with and operated by the slide, and a tongue connected With the slide, substantially as described. l

12. In a vehicle-brake,the combination with a running-gear provided With suitable ways, a slide mounted in the Ways, a plate adjustably secured to the slide land provided with laterally-extendin g lugs, guides located at opposite sides of the slide and receiving the said lugs, and brake mechanism connected with and actuated by the slide, substantially as described.

13. In a vehicle-brake,the combination With a running-gear provided with suitable Ways, of a slide mounted therein and provided With a rack, an adjustable plate arranged on the slide,I provided With longitudinal slots and enp gaging the rack, fastening devices passing through the slots of the plate and clamping the latter to the slide, lugs projecting laterally from the plate, guides arranged at opposite sides of the slide and receivingl the lu'gs, brake-levers, and a cross -bar adjustably mounted on the slide and connected with the brake-levers, substantially as described.

14:. In a vehicle-brake,the combination With a running-gear, of a slide mounted between the front hounds and bifurcated at its front end, a tongue pivoted in the bifurcation of the slide, a vertically-disposed spring-actuated bolt arranged to engage the slide to lock the same against movement, and brake mechanism connected with the slide, substantially as described.

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15. In a vehicle-brake, the combination With a running-gear, of a slide Inounted between the front hounds and provided with recesses, a spring-actuated bolt arranged to engage the recesses, a hand-level' connected With the bolt and fulcrumed on the rnnning-gear, and brake inechanism connected With the slide, substantiaiiy as described.

16. In a vehicle-brake, an adjustinr device comprising two Sections, one of the Sections being provided with loops and the other sec-

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