US579435A - Oil-burner - Google Patents

Description

-(N`o Model.)

H. C. HORNISH.

OIL BURNER.

` No. 579,435. Patented Mar. 23,1897.

wbawboz nire Sirenas HARRY O. IIORNISl-I, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 579,435, dated March 23, 1897'. Application filed June 9, 1896. Serial No. 594,845. (No model.)

To all wie/0711, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY C. HORNISH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Peoria, in the county of Peoria and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and

exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in oil-burners, the objects in view being to produce a simple and cheaply-constru cted burner that is adapted for artificial or natural gas or for burning oil and which by its peculiar construction will accomplish the same in safety and produce a most efficient and intense heat, thoroughly distributing the same and discharging it at proper points over the burner.

Various other objects and advantages of my invention will hereinafter appear, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a plan view of a burner embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view, the burner-cap being removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on the line @c c of Fig. l. Fig. 4E is a bottorn plan with the drip-pan removed. Fig. 5 is a detail of a portion of the edge of the burner-cap.

Like numerals indicate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In constructing my burner I employ a circular hollow retort l, having parallel flat and disk-like bottom and top walls 2 and 3, respectively, and surrounded by a superficial hollow flange 4 on its upper side. Between the bottom and top walls 2 and 3 suitable intermediate stays or braces 4a are interposed.

The bottom wall 2 is provided at one side of its center with a tubular feed-passage 5, that extends at its upper end above the bottom wall of the retort, while its lower end eX- tends some distance below the same, at which point it is adapted for the reception of a plug for closing the same or for a feed-pipe G. Between the shoulders of the feed-pipe G and the lower end of the feed-passage 5 there is securely clamped and held in position parallel to and under the retort a drip-pan '7, the

same having a surrounding flange 8. One or more threaded openings 9 may be formed in the feed passage 5, which are closed by threaded plugs l0 when the feed-pipe 9 is secured to the lower end of said feed-passage. This passage, however, may be closed at its lower end. by a suitable plug and the feedpipe connected to any one of Vthe openings 9 which is unplugged for the reception thereof inwaccordance with the relative position of the burner and the source of supply or other contingencies.

Diametrically opposite the feed-passage a flanged and threaded opening llis formed in the bottom 2 of the retort, and located within the opening and extending above and below the same is the vaporpipe 12, the lower end of which is provided with a horizontal branch 13, that extends under and beyond the center of ,the retort between said retort and drip-pan and is closed at its outer end. Below the center of the retort the vapor-pipe is provided in its upperside with a dischargeorifice lll, and that end of the vapor-pipe that is within the retort is preferably notched, as indicated at l5, in order that it may be maintained open even though foreign bodies, such as residuumv carbon, should become accidentally lodged thereagainst.

At its center the retort -is provided with a walled mixing-chamber 16, the same having its lower half preferably slightly flared, as shown, while its upper half is of a uniform 'bore and is provided with a central annular horizontal seat 17. Arranged over the retort and resting dat upon the top wall of the same is a couvexed metal cap 18, the center of which is provided with an opening 19, from which depends an annular flange 20, the same being designed to fit and be seated upon the seat 17, and thus form a continuation of the mixing-chamber to a point above the uppci1 side of the retort.

At intervals I have cast upon the upperside of the retort in annular series lugs 21, the inner faces ofwhich are beveled, three of such lugs being deemed sufficient, and which for the purpose of convenience I prefer to designate as centeringlugs,7 in that they readily center the burner-cap, the beveled faces of the lugs facilitating the same. Spaced a slight roo distance from these lugs and on a circle within the saine lugs 22 may also be cast upon tho upper side of the retort.

23 designates a concave-convex burner-cap, the same having a peripheral depending flange 24, in which kerfs 25 are at intervals formed, the same thus producing a series of teeth 26, the lower ends of which are beveled at opposite sides, as at 27, thus enlarging the openings or kerfs 25 at these points. At intervals the flange 24 may be provided with radial lugs 28, and I prefer to provide thecap with an integrally-cast vertical flange 29, that extends therearound and strengthens the same. At the upper edge of the cap a horizonta'l deflecting-'flange 30 extends radially.

It will be obvious that the cap, being properly proportioned, will, when placed in position upon the retort, be absolutely self-centering, its flange taking between the lugs 2l and 22, and, in fact, should either one of these be accidentally broken those remaining will serve the purpose; or, again,the radial lugs 28, being guided by the hollow external flange 4, will likewise aid in this purpose, so that a displacement of the cap while on the retort with relation to the mixing-chamber becomes an impossibility.

In operation oil is fed through the oil-passage into the retort until it overflows into the vapor -pipes l2 and 13 and is discharged through the opening I4 into the drip-pan 7. The oil-supply is now cut off and the overflowed oil ignited. The ignition of the oil within the vapor-pan heats the body of oil in the retort and vapor-pipe, causing said oil to vaporize and expand, and as the vapor issues from the discharge-orifice 14 it acts upon the retort, heating and vaporizin g the oil therein, and becoming mixed with the air within the mixing chamber rises therein and lis discharged in a gaseous condition. against the under side of the burner-cap 23, being diffused by the latter in equal proportions and confined in its radial passage to the openings 25 between said burner-cap 25 and the convexed cap 18. -Passing through the opening 25 it is maintained horizontally and finally discharged against the tubular deflectingflange 4, whereby its course is changed and an annular flame results.

The convex cap 1S and its depending flan ge 20 are made removable from the retort when it is desired to burn natural gas or. gas that is already manufactured, such cap being then unnecessary and only being essential when oil is'employed. In the latter instance the said cap i8 serves to increase the length of the mixing-chamber, so that a more thorough mixing takes place between the vapor and air, and the flame being feebler than where a natural-gas supply is employed can be more evenly and effectually dis-tributed around and under the burner-cap.

Any suitable form of cut-off may be employed in connection with my burner, but as a simple form I suggest the one herein shown. At diametrically opposite sides of the retort I forni lateral lugs 31, and to one of these I pivot, as at 32, the cut-off plate 33. This plate is made narrow and extends radially under the retort to the opposite lug, where it is provided with a lateral segmentally-shaped extension 34, provided with a slot 35. A headed stud 30 is arranged in the slot and depends from the lng. A perforated ear 37 is formed on the outer end of the cut-off, by which the cut-off may be conveniently operated. This cut-off is widened at its center, so

-as to form opposite extensions 39 and 40, the

rst-inentioned being imperforateand the second having a hole 4l. It will be obvious that by swinging the cut-oft in one direction the mixing-cham ber is closed, as when the oil is first ignited, and by swinging it in the opposite direction the mixing-chamber is opened. Thus, also, may the flame be graduated, so as to be more or less intense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isf- I. The herein-described burner consisting of a retort, having a central walled opening forming a mixing-chamber, an independent convex cap resting on the retort and having an openin g coincident with the mixing-chamber, and a flange depending into the walled opening of the chamber from said cap, and a burner-cap arranged thereover, substantially as specified.

2. The herein-described burner, the same consisting of a retort having a central walled opening, forminga mixing-chamber, a convex cap seated loosely and removably on the retort and having an opening coinciding with the mixing-chamber, and a concave burnercap arranged thereover and combining with the same to form avapor-passage, substantially as specified.

3. The herein-described burner, the same consisting of a retort having a central walled opening, the lower end of which is 'flared and at an intermediate point provided with an an- .nular recess or seat, a convex cap removably seated on the retort and having an opening coinciding with the mixing-chamber, an annular flange depending from the opening and taking within the seat, and a burner-cap arranged over the saine and combining therewith to form an intermediate passage, substantially as specified.

4. The burner consisting of the retort having an outer peripheral flange, a cap arranged upon the retort within the flange and having discharge-openings at its lower edge and radial lugs 28 projecting from the edge of the cap and terminating against the flange, substantially as specified.

5. The burner consisting of the retort having a central mixing-chamber and an outer circular vertical peripheral flange, a removable cap of less diameter than the flange arranged over the mixing-chamber and having IOO IIO

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openings at its lower edge and inner and ou ter beveled lugs formed on the retort in annular series between the mixing-Chamber and flange so as to embrace the opposite sides of the lower edge of the cap and thus center the same with relation to the mixing-chamber and peripheral flange, substantially as speeied.

In testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of tWo Wltnesses.

HARRY C. HORNISH.

Vtnesses:

I-I'. A. SPRINGSTEEN, GEORGE W. WEIR.

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