US56939A - Improvement in magazine fire-arms - Google Patents

Description

H. W. HAYDEN- MAGAZINB FIRBARM.

NO. 56.989. Patented Aug. 7, 1866.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HIRAM W. HAYDEN, OF WATERBURY, GONNGTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN MAGAZINE FIRE-ARMS.

Spccification forniin g part of Letters Patent No. 56.939.,-dated August 7, 1866; antedatcd August 3, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HIRAM W. HAYDEN, of Waterbury, in the county of New Haven and State of Oonnecticut, have invented, made, and applied to use a certain new and useful Improvement in Breech-Loading Fire-Arms; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the said invention, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making part of this specification, wherein-f Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my iinproved fire-arm. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. In both these figures the breech is represented as closed. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the breech as detached'and drawn back, showing also the interior of the cap or side plate to the housing or breech-mortise. Fig. 4 is a cross-section at w w, Fig. 3, representingv the cartridge-'con- Veyer as ejecting a discharged metallic cartridge-case and bringingv another cartridge into position. Fig. 5 is a cross-section through the rear end of the slidin g breech-.pin and stock at the line z z, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detached view of the breech-pin from the forward end. Fig. 7 represents the side of the hannner next the gun; and Fig. 8 is a section through the hammer at the line y y, Fig. 7.

Similar marks of reference denote the same parts.

The nature of my said inv'ention consists in a lifting-block actin g to sustain the breech-pin against the explosion, said liftin g-block setting into notches in the body of the gun and being lifted by the action of the hamnier in cockin g the piece, which inovement of the hammer is also employed for drawi'ng back the breechpin; and I eniploy a magazine containing car-` tridges, and convey one of such cartridges to the line of the barrel as the breech is drawn back by a sliding conveyer actuated 'in a peculiar manner by a lever that is moved by the breech as it is slid back, and said'conveyer also dischargesthe cartridge-case from between tvfo Springs that are upon the breech-pin, and withdraw said case from the barrel.

In the drawing, a represents a portion of the barrel, which may be of any desired size or character. b is the wooden stock, of any usual shape. c is the metallic body portion of thegun, uniting the barrel and stock, and forming a housing for the parts at the rear of the barrel. This body c is formed with straps 1, as usual, to connect the stock, and at one side is a Inov'able plate, c', (see Figs. 3 ,and 4,) by which access is allowed to the parts of the gun.

The breech-pin d is fitted to slidein a 'recess to the rear and on line with the barrel. TheI forward portion of this breech-pin is circnlar, as at 2, Figs. 3 and 6, while the rear portion is square, and' slides beneath the overhan gin g lips or flanges 3 3. (See Fig. 5.) Said lips 3, however, do not extend forward of the notches that are provided in c and o' at 4 4 for the reception of the movable cross-block e. This cross-block e forms a T-head to the shank e', that occupies a groove running longitudinally of the breech-pin d,- and said breech-pin has also a crossnotch, as seen at 5, Fig. 3, into which the block e can drop when in the lposition shown in Fig. 1.

It is to be understood that when the breech is closed by the pin d setting against the. rear end of the barrel the cross-block e will fall into the notches at 4 and 5, and sustain' the breech-pin against the explosion of a cartridge in the barrel', and that when the said crosscontained in the ring-fiange of the inetallicv cartridge-case g, (see Fi g. 1,) and the length of this punch is such that the closing down the crbss-hlock e entirely shall drive said punch against the cartridge-case for its explosion. This block e ord'inarily, therefore, is not to be fully pressed down to its place, the pressing down being etfectcd by a blow of the hammer, as next dcscribed, which causes the wedgeshaped projection 8 to drive the punch 'i forward.

On the side of the block e is a pin, 9, (see Figs. 3 and 6,) which is acted on by the hammer ZL. This hannner his to be actuated by any well-known 01' desired lock, and a trigger is to be employed, as usual, to discharge the same. In the inner and forward edge of the groove k.

hammer is a groove, k, that terminates at .the

vide a spring-latch, m, near the upper end of this groove, (see Figs. 7 and 8,) which, yielding as the hammer is discharged, passes the pin 9, so that said pin is received int-o the 011 reference to the dotted lines, Fig. 1, it will be seen that the angle at which this groove lo stands to the breech-pin is such that as the hammer is cocked the block e will first be lifted out of its notches 4 and 5, and

' the further mo'vement of the hammer will" draw the breech-pin d back, the pin g coming down intothe lower portion of the slot lc, so that when the hammer is cocked said pin 9 is opposite to the opening Z, so that the breechpin can be again pushed forward, the pin 9 passing out at this opening I.

In order. to make the breech-pin self-acting as far as possible, so that the only motion is that of cockin g and firin g, I employ a spring, n below the breech-pin d, acted on by the pendent arm n' of the breech-pin, so that said spring, being compressed -by the backward movement of the breech-pin, will send the breech-pin again forward so soon as the pin 9 comes opposite the opening l in the hammer. The cross-block c will descend ;into the notches' provided for it, and when the hammerh is discharged a projection, 10, thereonwill drive the block e fully down to its place, and by the incline 8 project the plug and fire the piece. o

I will now describe the manner 'in which I combine with my breech-loading mechanism a magazine containing cartridges.

A 10 is a pipe or tube in the stock of the gun. q is a tube containing a spring, q'., and follower r, The metallic-'case cartridges 8'8 are to be dropped ball end first into the tube p,

when the tube Q is withdrawn, after which the tube .q is again inserted and the .spring is compressed by the act of forcing in said tube,- the said tubeq passing around at the sides of the cartridges as pressed into place, as now usual, and the spring forces the cartridges forward, so that the end one is taken by the conveyer o. This conveyer o is formed as seen in Figs' 1, 3, and 4, and slides in the body of the gun (c c') at right angles to the breech-pin, and is guided by a feather, 11, taking a groovein c. o This cartridge-conveyer is actuated bya lever, t, on a'fulcrum, 12, (see Figs 3 and 4,) in the cap-plate, c'. u is a toe onfthe lever t, behind which the end of the spring v sets when the conveyer o is elevated, as in Fig. 3, to hold said conveyer up; and w i's a projecting cam on the breech-pin d, that presses this lever t down, together with the conveyer, as the breech-pin is pressed forward by said cam w taking' against the parts 13 of lsaid lever t sufficiently to throw the toe u the other side of the point of the sprin g o, so that said spring acts to throw the conveyer o down;

but on the reverse movement, as the breechpin is drawn back, the incline at 14, taking the roller 15 of the lever t, causes the said lever t to elevate the conveyer o, and a cartridge is carried up with it from the magazine to the line of the barrel, and the Shoulders at 16 on o, in so doing, discharge the shell of the previous cartridge by lifting the same up vertically from between spring-catches 17, that are provided at the sides of the breech-pin d, for drawing said ca'se back out of the barrel as the breech-pin is withdrawin It will now be understood that as the breech-pin is withdrawn the conveyer o rises, carrying With it a cartridge from the magazine, the pendant 18 keeping the other cartridges back. The

Vbreech-pin then goes forward, the round end' I am aware that a piston-slide has been employed in connection with a carrier that brings the cartridge up from a magazine, as may be seen in the patent of H. Smith and D. B. Wesson, granted February 14, 1854. In this case, however, the piston-slide has projections on its end taking the flange of the cartridge,

the parts being so fitted that the carrier forces the cartridge-case out from said projections and delivers a new cartridge between said projections, these movements being efi'ected by a lever.

In my fire-arm the movement of the breech,

giving motion to the carrier, renders it impossible for the breech to remain stationary while the carrier is elevated; hence I am obliged to make use of 'spring-catches 17 to pass over the flange'of the cartridge as the breech-pin goes forward, and I employ a separate punch to eX- plode the cartridge by the action of the hammer upon the cross-block instead o f the for- Ward movement of -the breech-pin itself.-

In my fire-arm there is but one movement performed by hand viz., cocking the piecethe forward movement of the breech being self- Operating by the action of the spring, while in fire-arms heretofore made the breech has usually been opened by moving'a lever in one dil' rection and closed by the reverse movement.

It will be seen that my breech is constructed so that all the parts are closed tightly against the action of dampness,v and` for the exclusion of -dust and dirt. i

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1L7 The block e, formed as a'T-head to the shank c', and both occupying grooves in the,

ing into a groove in the breeeh-pn, in combi-I nation with a spring, to throw said blockflown into place as the breeeh is closed, as set forth.

3. I olaim the slide exploding-punch, fitted as speoifie, and aotualted by forcing thelsaid oross-biook down to its place, as set forth.

4. I ola-im construoting the hammer with the iateh end groove taking the `pin en the said eross-blook, as and for the purposes speeified.

5. I eiaim the combination of the hammer, the oroes-bioolgthe breeeh-pin, and the spring c'z, as speoified. Whereby .the said hammer lifts the sei cross-block an "mws back the breeeh' pin in the aot of coeking the piece, and the breech closes itself, as set forth.

6. I elaim the combination of the breeoh-'pin and sliding eartridge-conveyer with the lever t, aotuated substantially as and for the purposes speoified.

In witnes whereof I have hereunto set my sign ature this 23d day of'Decernber, 1864.

H. W. HAYDEN.

Witnesses THEoDoRE S. BUEL J. W. SMITH.

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