US543021A - Dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Description

T. HOOKER.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

I No. 543,021. Patented July 23,1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS HOOKER, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC M ACHIN E.

E JPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 543,021, dated July 28, 1895.

Application filed April 26, 1894. Serial No, 509,090- (No model.

To [0% whom may concern-.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS HOOKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamos, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in dynamos and motors.

it has for its object to provide an improved field, the same relating to those styles of field where the pole-piece receives its magnetism from both sides, either in bipolar or multipolar dynamos; and it consists in dividing the pole and forming a neck or yoke connecting the divided parts or sections of the same, and upon each neck or yoke is wound a coil connected with a source of energizing-current as, for example, in series with the armaturecoilsthe purpose being to overcome the armature reaction which tends to demagnetize one side or horn of each field-magnet and oversaturate the other, in proportion to the amount of current in the armature, thus distorting the field and in proportion thereto decreasing the output of the machine. These compensatingcoils are so proportioned as to restore the symmetry of the magnetism to the two parts of the field.

While the present improvements in the armature are shown as applied to a dynamo of the drum type, I do notwish to limit myself thereto, as they may be applied to some forms of the ring type of armatures, and the improved field may be employed in connection with the form of armature shown or with other and various forms of armatures in dynamos or motors.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appear, and the novel features thereof will be specifically defined by the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a dynamo, showing my improvements. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail showing some of the forms of slots in the armature for receiving the windings.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in both of the views.

Referring now to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates the commutator, and A the brushes, of any well-known or approved forms of construction.

B is the armature drum or ring, which is formed with the tapered slots B extending from near the periphery toward the center;

and these slots may assume a variety of shapes, some of which are shown in Fig. 2, but it is preferable that they extend a considerable distance into the center. Their outer ends are closed but for the small openings Z), which should, by preference, be hardly more than suflicient for the conductors to be admitted so as to approach a continuous iron periphery; and the winding of the armature may be of any suitable character such as upon any other form of armature, the only difference being that the wires are placed in the above-mentioned slots to a point as near the center as possible, leaving sufficient stock for magnetic permeance, with the object of mak ing the easiest path for the electricity through the copper in one direction and for magnetism through the iron in the other direction. The wires may be held in place in the slots by keys, if desired.

O are the pole-pieces, each in two parts, as seen in Fig. 1, and D is a yoke or neck connecting each piece or part of like polarity with the other and bridging the space c be tween the two parts of like polarity of each pole-piece, as shown in Fig. 1.

E is the core of the right-hand magnet, and F is the core of the left-hand magnet.

Upon reference to Fig. 1 the wiring of the compound dynamo-field will be readily understood. Starting from the positive brush, the connection may be traced as follows: from said brush by the wire d around the righthand-magnet core, thence around the upper neck or yoke D, thence around the lefthandmagnet core F, and then around the lower neck or yoke, and thence through the external circuit and lamps G to the negative brush.

- free rotation thereof.

The shunt wires and coils are indicated by the dotted lines H in .Fig. 1. These would of course be omitted in a series machine.

It will be observed that the yokes or necks do not connect the pole-pieces, but that the two pieces or parts or each pole-piece are connected by one of these yokes or necks. Thus the whole upper portion of the field is the north pole, and the armature revolving in the the extremely contracted or limited air-space 1 c between-opposite poles of field-magnets. This construction gives as nearly as possible a complete metallic and magnetic surface, adjacent to which the periphery of the armature rotates when operating, and the distance from the periphery of the armature to the field-magnets thus practically and materially extended is just as slight as will permit of a This same peculiarity exists in the construction of the armature so far as regards the slots B of the armature, (illustrated in Fig. 2,) the apertures 17 thereof being contracted for the reception of the coil-wire, so as to present a periphery as nearly continuousas possible.

The practical continuity of the coacting surfaces of the armature and field-magnets tends to maintain an equilibrium of the lines of force; but this result is further enhanced by the provision of the ligaments D, which are themselves excited by a coil of coils of the main circuit connected with the fieldmagnets.

The advantages of the invention are further enhanced by reason of all of the features thereof being self-contained in and-a part of the entire machine. It has been a practice in the art to provide ligaments or similar structures in connection with the pole-pieces and to inclose the same in a coil independent of the field-circuit for the purpose of controlling the action of the dynamo or motor. This is a different construction and for a different purpose from those involved in my invention, as they are not, as above stated, self-contained, nor has any former construction involved the extreme limitation of the air-gap which is essential to a completely satisfactory and successful embodiment of the invention.

What I claim as new is- 1. In a dynamo or motor, and in combination with the armature thereof, field magnets having severed pole pieces forming independent working. faces of like polarity connected by a yoke having a coil connected in series with the field magnets and polarized in such direction as to reinforce the entering horn of the field magnet and decrease the trailinghorn of the same, substantially as specified.

2. In a dynamo or motor, and in combination with the armature thereof, field magnet pole pieces severed centrally forming working faces of like polarity and a yoke connecting said working faces and extending beyond the space between the same and a coil onsaid yoke connected in series with the field magnets, polarized in such vdirection that the oversaturation of a trailing horn and the demagnetization of an entering horn of said field magnets are materially prevented, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

I THOMAS HOOKER.

Witnesses:

G. L. BONTA, A. R. DAVIS.

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