US509037A - jones - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3`Sheets-Shveet 1.

S. 0. JONES. PIsToN VALVE.

No. 509,037. PatentedNov; 21,1893.-

(No Model.)

3 sheetssneet 2. S. 0. JONES. y

PIsToN VALVE. No. 509,037.

Patented Nov. 21, 1893.

'/"T'L/Leseffuffa/@Zoff- Summe/ 0 @folwf per Wm 3 E f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL `O. J ONES,'OF STILLWATER, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEO. H. ATWOOD, OF SAME PLACE.

PlsT'oN-VALVE.

SPECIFICATION Vrenting part of Letters Patent No. 509,037, dated November 21, 1893.

Application filed June 9. 1893. Serial No. 477,098. (No model.) I

vide a valve Which is accurately balanced soas to move Without friction, and so constructed that it will adapt .itself to any warping or bending of the valve chest by reason of the pressure of the steam.

Its object further is to so construct the valve chest that it can be connected to the .steam cylinder Without gum joints, and so that the steam ports on both the valve chest and cylinder may be independently varied at will. I also seek to provide a valve which shall have the maximum of lap with the minimum of travel. -I further seek to provide means .for adjusting the travel of the valve and the amount of cushion at the end of the chest, and to dispense with the necessity of any packing whatever for the valve stem.

To this end my invention consists in the features of construction hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.' j

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specication, Figure 1 shows an elevation of my improved valve chest and the valve to which it is connected. Fig. 2 is a partially sectional vdetail of the valve chest shown in front elevation. Fig. 3 is a similar detail of a side elevation of the same. Fig. t'is a cross section of the valve chest on line -x of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a detail of the valve removed from the chest. Fig. 7 is a conventional line drawing, showing the valve in mid position with the outlet live steam ports all closed, but with the exhaust ports at both ends of the chest; partly open, and. Fig. 8 is asimilar view, the chest being shown in central, longitudinal section at right angles with the section plane of Fig. 7, the valve being shown moved -to its limit toward one 'end of the chest, with the live steam ports at that end of. the chest full open, and the exhaust ports at the opposite end of the chest full open, the valve extending beyond the exhaust ports so asto cutoff communication between them and the ,interior of the chest beyond the valve. Fig. 6 yis a cross section of the valve through the copings on line y-y of Fig. 5.

In the drawings A represents the cylinder and B the valve chest, both shown in upright l position supported upon the base 2, their respective ports being connected by means of pipes as hereinafter described.

3 represents the cylinder .piston having the rod 4. n

C represents the Valve, which works in the chest 2. This valve is of the piston type and is made in two parts, 5 and 6. Each of these parts or members has the narrowed neck 7, the ends of which are joined to form a loose or universal joint with limited movement, by means of the sleeve 8, which is slipped over and embraces the abutting ends, and is secured to them by means of 'screws 9 and 10 which pass through the sleeves and necks at right angles with each other, thus serving as the pivots of the universal joint for the. purpose hereinafter described. The four copes 11 are cut out of each member of the valve near the end, leaving intermediate bridges 12 between thecopes, as shown clearly in Fig. 6. The part of the valve intermediate of the oopes and the reduced portion or neck, is left full size to itclosely into the valve chest, and there is also a disk 13 of full size at the end. To the member 6 is connected the valve stem 14 by means of which the valve can be operated in the usualmanner. l

In order to compensate for the wear of the vfull sized portions of the valve, and thus prevent anyleakage of the steam past the same,

I provide the circumferential grooves l5, 16

and 17 into which fit the'packing rings 18.

The valve chest has a central side port 19 for the admission of live steam, andconnect` ing with this is a circumferential chamber 2O which surrounds the neck or narrowed portion `of the valve. The valve is held from rotating in the chest preferably by means of a set screw 21 tapped through the side Wall of the chest and Working in a groove 22 in the sleeve S.

live steam ports 23 which unitein a common, partially circumferential passage 24 leading to the port 25, which is screw threaded to receive the steam pipe 26 leading to the adja- On each side of the chamber 2O are cent or corresponding end ot' the cylinder A. (See Fig. 1.) The ports 23 are preferably provided with a central bridge 27 extending longitudinally of the chest, to serve as au addition al bearing surface for the packing rings of the valve. The distance between the opposite walls of the chamber and ports 23 is substantially equal to the length of the narrowed or neck portion of the valve, so that free communication is open between them for the passage of steam when the valve is in such position that the neck extends over both. vBeyond the ports 23 toward the end ofthe valve chest are oppositely arranged ports 28 having bridges 29 which communicate with a common, partially circumferential passage 30, leading to the port 3l,which is screw threaded to receive the exhaust pipe 32 commnnicat ing with the corresponding end of the `steam cylinder A at such distance from the end as to furnish the necessary space for cushioning the piston. (See Fig. l.) Lying in the same transverse plane and intermediate of the ports 28, are the oppositely arranged ports 33 having the bridges 34, which ports communicate with the passage 35 leading to the common exhaust port 36, opening to the outer air. Through each of the heads 37 of the valve chest is tapped a screw 38 which serves as an adjustable stop to limit the travel of the valve, and through the side walls near each end are arranged valve controlled air vents 39 and 40, arranged at such distances from the heads as to'furnish an adjustable cushion for the valve. The head at the upper end of the chest is ii'tted with any suitable box 4l through which the valve stem works, but no packing is necessary as steam has no access to that portion of the valve chest.

It will be. understood that the described ports and connecting pipes are duplicated at the other end of the valve chest, and connections so made with the cylinder that their functions are identical with those of the parts described. The relative positions ofthe various ports, and chambers and passages are such that when the valve stands exactly in mid position, the chamber 2O has no outlet, but when the valve is moved in the chest until the narrowed or neck portion begins to overlap the ports 23, steam is allowed to pass from the chamber into the pipe 26, and thence into the cylinder above the piston, while the body of 'the valve closes the exhaust ports 28, the exhaust ports at the opposite end of the chest being at the saine time opened. With Y the opposite travel of the valve a reverse connection is made with the cylinder.

It will be seen that with steam passing freely around the narrowed or neck portion of the valve, pressure is equal and the valve is balanced. So also with the ports 23 'arranged opposite each other, there is no unbalanced pressure at that point, and also since the exhaust ports are oppositely arranged and each opens equally to the two sides of the adjacent bridge between the copes, there is ab- Vpipe 32.

solute balancing of pressure at this point. (See Fig. 4.) The valve is 'thus at all times free to move in the chest wholly uninfluenced 7o by the steam pressure,the packing rings being so arranged that they are interposed in the various positions of vthe valve between the live steam chamber and steam ports, and also between the steam and exhaust ports, so as .to shut ott communication between them byleakage. It however notwithstanding the rings there is any leakage from the chamber 2O to live steaml ports when the ports are closed by the valve, inder only far enough to slightly open the exhaust port connecting with the exhaust (See Fig. 1.) When it has reached kthis position any steam entering the cylinder will be allowed to pass outward through 8 5 the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust ports being open will permit the escape of thesteain without further disturbing the position of the piston, thus avoiding any gradual travel of the piston, as in otherconstriictions. Bypro- 9e 'viding a plurality of live and exhaust steam ports around the walls of the valve chest, a greater length of wall space between the ports and steam chamber is possible, thus securing a maximum amount of lap of the piston on the walls against which it bears, and making it possible to open communication between the ports with the minimum amount of travel of the valve. tion of the copes ll is such thatQwhen the roo live steam ports at the other end of the chest are opened however slightly, the 'exhaust ports are full open, whereby the live steam port area may be varied at will without interfering with the exhaust port area, thus preventing any possible back pressure. It is also obvious that by means of pipe 'connections between the valve chest and cylinder the relative position of the ports in the one with regard to those in the others, maybe varied at will, which is not the case where the valve chest is seated directly upon the cylinder. This construction also` dispenses with gum joints, lwhich are required where thctwo parts are seated directly together. In some cases under high pressure the valve chest may be sprung by the pressure of lthe steam against the side walls of the chamber 2O at the side where the steam enters, so thatif the valve were solid it would lcause friction between it and the chest. This however. 1s entirely obviated by the described joint in the valve, which permits each endof the valve to maintain perfect alignment with the corresponding part of the chest even if the-chest be slightly sprung. y

I clainil. The combination with the valve chest having inlet and outlet live steam ports, of a series of inlet and outlet exhaust ports ar- 1 30 ranged alternately and equi-distant from each other in a common plane at right-angles with the axis of the chest, and the piston valve fitted to said chest and having' a series 0f IIO the piston is moved in the eyl- 801V 509.037 v v v 3 similar copes cut out of its surface near-each, end', and so arrangedpthat each inlet and out-V let exhaust port when opened by the superposingof the copes, shall communicate equally with two copes, substantially as described.

2. The combination with the cylinder, of the piston valve chest havingacommomcentrally arranged inlet steamport, series of outlet steam ports, and inlet and outlet exhaust ports on each sidel of said inlet steam port, v

the valve fitted to said chest exteriorly cut away to form communicating passages between the inlet and outlet steam ports and the inlet and outlet exhaust ports, when in proper position, the dimensions of said valve and the position of said ports being such that when the valve stands in mid position communication is cut off between the inlet and outlet steam ports, while communication remains between the' series of inlet and outlet exhaust ports at each end of the chest, the

pipe connecting each series of outlet steaml ports wit-h one endrof the cylinder, and the pipe connecting one series of inlet .exhaust ports with the same end of the cylinder at a slightly greater distance from the end of the cylinder, whereby when the valve stands in mid position and the piston in the cylinder is moved by the leakage of steam past the valve and into the cylinder so as to open communication with' the exhaust pipe, such steam is r)thereby allowed `to exhaust without further moving the piston, substantially as described. f 3.The'combination with the piston valve chest, of the valve working therein and extending over all of the ports in the chest so as to cut oft communication between them and the chest beyond the ends of the valve, and the valve controlled air vents in the wall of the chest near each end thereof, whereby any desired amount of cushion may be provided for the valve, substantially as described.l

` 4. The combination with the piston valve, of the chest therefor having inlet and outlet steam ports and inlet and outlet exhaust ports so arranged that theexhaust ports at one end of the chest are full open before the steam ports in the other'end of the chest are opened, and the adjustable stop at. each end of the chest for limiting the throw of the valve, whereby the live steam port area may be limited at will Without diminishing the exhaust port area, substantially as described. t

' 5. The combination with the valve chest havinga plurality of inlet exhaust steam other, in a plane at right angles with the axis of the chest, of the pistonvalve having the same number of similar copes, cut around its surface as there are inlet and outlet exhaust portsyand so arranged that each will communicate equally with two adjacent copes, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the piston valve chest, having a steam chamber, steam ports, and inlet and outlet exhaust ports on each side of the steam chamber, of the valve fitted thereto and adapted as reciprocated to open 4and close all said ports, said inlet and outlet exhaust passages standing normally open when the steam ports are closed, and the inlet and outlet ports at one end of the chest being full open before the steam ports at the other end of the chest, begin to open, substantially as described.

7. The combination with the piston valve chest having a side inlet steam port,\and outlet steam ports, and inlet and outlet exhaust ports intermediate of said inlet steam port and each end of the chest, of the valve fitted thereto, and exteriorly cut away to furnish communicating passages between the inlet and outlet steam ports, and between the adjacent inlet and outlet exhaust ports, and extending over all said ports so as to KVcut oft all communication between said ports and the chest, beyond eitherend 'of the valve, substantially as described.

8. rlhe combination with the piston valve chest, having lateral `inlet and outlet steam ports, and lateral inlet and outlet exhaust ports, of the valve fitted thereto and exterior-- 1y cut away to furnish, when placed in proper position, communicating passagesbetween the inletand outlet steam ports and inlet and outlet exhaust ports, while at all times preventing communication between any of said ports and the chest beyond the valve, an adjustable stop at each end of the chest for regulating the throw of the valve, and the valve` controlled air vents at each end of the chest for controlling theamonnt of cushion for the valve,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of May, 1893.

vSAMUEL O.- JONES. Witnesses:

GEO. L.' PATOHIN, THEO. JAssoN.

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