Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
  • A61P21/02—Muscle relaxants, e.g. for tetanus or cramps
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
  • C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D233/90—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals

Definitions

• the invention relates to new CNS active imidazole derivatives of general formula I ##STR3## wherein
• R 1 represents hydrogen or halogen in the o-, m- or p-position, and the halogen can occur once or repeatedly in the phenyl radical
• R 4 represents ##STR4## with R 6 and R 9 representing hydrogen or a straight or branched alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 7 and R 8 are the same or different and represent hydrogen or a straight or branched alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or R 7 and R 8 together with the nitrogen atom represent a saturated heterocyclic five-membered or six-membered ring optionally containing another heteroatom, and
• R 5 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl grop with 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
• halogen is understood fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, with fluorine and chlorine being preferred.
• alkyl in each case a straight or branched alkyl grop with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, the methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl group.
• C 1-4 alkoxy C 1-4 alkyl, especially C 1-4 alkoxymethyl is to be regarded as preferred embodiment for R 5 in the meaning of alkoxyalkyl.
• R 7 and R 8 together with the nitrogen atom represent a saturated heterocyclic five-membered or six-membered ring optionally containing another heteroatom, ##STR5## for example, stands for pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine or piperazine.
• substituted imidazole derivatives according to the invention although they differ greatly from benzodiazepines in their chemical structure, surprisingly exhibit a great affinity and specificity for binding on the benzodiazepine receptors and at the same time only slight toxicity.
• the compounds according to the invention can, for example, have agonistic, inversely agonistic and antagonistic effects on the known properties of benzodiazepines.
• Benzodiazepines for example, exhibit anticonvulsive, anxiolytic and muscle-relaxing as well as sedating effects.
• a disadvantage of the benzodiazepines is the relatively broad activity spectrum with slight selectivity.
• the compounds according to the invention on the basis of their biological effectiveness appear to be suitable as psychopharmaceuticals for human medicine. They can be formulated for psychopharmaceutical preparations, for example, for oral and parenteral application.
• auxiliary agents physiologically tolerable organic and inorganic vehicles which are inert toward the compounds according to the invention, are suitable.
• vehicles there can be mentioned, for example, water, salt solutions, alcohols, polyethylene glycols, polyhydroxyethoxylated castor oil, gelatins, lactose, amylose, magnesium stearate, talc, silicic acid, fatty acid mono- and di-glycerides, pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, hydroxymethylcellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
• the pharmaceutical preparations can be sterilized and/or mixed with auxiliary agents, such as lubricants, preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, buffering agents and dyes.
• auxiliary agents such as lubricants, preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, buffering agents and dyes.
• injection solutions or suspensions particularly aqueous solutions of the active compounds in polyhydroxyethoxylated castor oil are suitable.
• Surfactant auxiliary agents such as salts of bile acids or animal or vegetable phospholipids, but also mixtures of them as well as liposomes and their components can also be used as vehicles.
• talc and/or a hydrocarbon vehicle or binder such as, for example, lactose, corn or potato starch are suitable for oral application.
• the application can also take place in liquid form such as, for example, juice to which optionally a sweetener is added.
• the compounds according to the invention are offered in a dosage unit of 0.05 to 10 mg of active substance in a physiologically tolerable vehicle.
• the compounds according to the invention are used in a dose of 0.1 to 300 mg/day, preferably 1-30 mg/day.
• R 1 has the meaning indicated in formula I, is reacted with a 2-azabutadiene of general formula III ##STR7## wherein R 4 and R 5 have the meaning indicated in formula I and X and Y represent leaving groups,
• an ester group present in the molecule is transesterified or saponified, a free carboxyl group optionally is esterified, amidated or reacted with an amidoxime of the formula R 9 --C( ⁇ NOH)NH 2 to the 5-oxadiazolyl derivative, and optionally a nitrile group present in the molecule is hydrolyzed to the carbonyl amide or carboyl group or converted by the imino ester group into the ester group (COOR 6 ) or with hydroxyl amine by the amidoxime and then with an alkane carboxylic acid of formula R 9 --COOH or an activated derivative of the acid into the 3-oxadiazolyl derivative.
• the reaction is so performed that the aniline derivative and the azabutadiene are first stirred in an organic acid, such as, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid or trifluoroacetic acid, first at room temperature and then heated up to the boiling point of the reaction mixture (to about 120° C.)
• an organic acid such as, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid or trifluoroacetic acid
• the acid can serve simultaneously as reaction agent and also as solvent. But also solvents such as, for example, alcohols, ethers, ketones, esters such as ethyl acetate, hydrocarbons such at toluene, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride can be added.
• solvents such as, for example, alcohols, ethers, ketones, esters such as ethyl acetate, hydrocarbons such at toluene, or halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride can be added.
• the amount of acid can vary in broad limits, but it is used in excess. A 3-10-fold acid excess, relative to the aniline and azabutadiene, is preferably selected.
• the molar ratios of aniline and azabutadiene are not critical for the success of the reaction. In general, approximately equal molar amounts of the reactants are used, and molar amounts of 1 of aniline and 1.1 azabutadiene are preferred.
• the reaction according to the invention can basically be performed also in solvents indicated above with catalytic amounts of mineral acids, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.
• the surprising advantage of the process according to the invention is in the chemoselective synthesis of imidazole derivatives with the formation of an isomer in a single process step.
• transesterification all usual methods are suitable. There can be mentioned, for example, the reaction of carboxylic acid ester with the corresponding alcohol in the presence of the alcoholate or with the corresponding alcohol with titanium tetraalcoholate or with the alcohol in the presence of an acid.
• the transesterification is performed at temperatures from about 0° to 120° C.
• the optionally subsequent saponification of the ester group suitably takes place in an alkaline manner, in which the ester is refluxed in dilute aqueous lye, such as potassium or sodium hydroxide.
• Esterification of the carboxyl group takes place in a way known in the art with the corresponding alcohol in acid or in the presence of an activated acid derivative.
• Acid chloride, imidazolide or anhydride, for example, are suitable as activated acid derivatives.
• the reaction can also take place in a way known in the art by activated acid derivatives such as by anhydride or anhydride mixed with chloroformic acid ester.
• the amidation is usually performed in an aprotic solvent such as dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, toluene or methylene chloride at temperatures from about 0° to 100° C.
• the imidazole-4-carboxylic acid with an amidoxime of the formula R 9 --C(--NOH)NH 2 , in which R 9 has the meaning indicated in formula I in an inert solvent at room temperature is brought for condensation to the boiling point of the reaction mixture.
• Toluene and dimethylformamide, for example, are suitable as inert solvents.
• the free carboxylic acid is usefully activated in a suitable way.
• the free acid can be converted into the mixed anhydride, into the activated ester or into the chloride.
• the optionally subsequent modification of the nitrile group can be performed according to known methods.
• the nitrile group can be converted by acid or alkaline hydrolysis into the carbonyl amide or carboxyl group or with the corresponding alcohol with addition of hydrochloric acid gas by the imino ester group into the ester group.
• the imidazole-4-carbonitrile is reacted in a way known in the art with hydroxylamine to amidoxime and then condensed with an alkane carboxylic acid of formula R 9 -COOH, in which R 9 has the meaning indicated in formula I, or with an activated derivative of the acid in an inert solvent
• R 9 has the meaning indicated in formula I
• the condensation is performed in the same way as in the case of the 5-oxadiazolyl compound.
• anilines of general formula II and 2-azabutadienes of general formula III, used as initial materials, are known for the most part or can be produced according to known methods.
• 2-Azabutadienes are described, for example, in Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1980, 344 and in DE-OS 29 19 891.
• a mixture of 11.5 g of 5-aminomethyl-3-ethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole and 24 ml of dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal is heated to 80° C. for 7 hours; in doing so, 10 ml of the resulting methanol is distilled off. After addition of another 12 ml of DMF acetal the mixture is refluxed for 3 hours, then fractionated. The fraction coming over (azabutadiene 2) is obtained in a yield of 72% (n D 20 1.5908) at 155°-160° C. and 0.03 torr.
• a suspension of 26.0 g of carbonyldimidazole in 250 ml of THF is added to a solution of 65.7 g of phthalimidoacetic acid in 500 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF) (abs.) at 40° C. After about 1 hour, no generation of gas can be detected any longer.
• a solution of 28.2 propioamidoxime in 50 ml of THF is now added and stirred for 24 hours at room temperature. After filtering off of the precipitate the filtrate is concentrated in a vacuum and refluxed on a water separator for 6 hours after addition of 500 ml of dry xylene. The still hot solution is separated from the oily residue and concentrated in a vacuum. After crystallization from ethanol, 31.5 g of phthalimide with a melting point of 106-107° C. (76.5% relative to carbonyldiimidazole) is obtained.
• a suspension of 32.2 g of phthalimide in 250 ml of methanol is mixed with 4.5 g (140 mmol) of hydrazine at room temperature, and the substance quickly dissolves.
• the reaction mixture is refluxed for 3 hours, then the resulting precipitate is suctioned off, rewashed with methanol and the filtrate is concentrated.
• After suspending of the residue with diethyl ether is again filtered, concentrated and the oil is distilled on a bulb tube: boiling point 90°-100° C. (at 0.03 torr).
• a mixture of 45 g of aminoacetonitrile and 190 g of dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal is first heated, with exclusion of moisture, for 4 hours at 100° C. (bath temperature), then for 3 hours to 120° C. In doing so, about 90 ml of a more volatile component (methanol) is distilled off, 100 ml of DMF dimethyl acetal is again added and heated for another 5 hours to 150° C. (bath temperature). After the subsequent fractionating there are obtained:
• the title compound is crystallized from hexane.
• a mixture of 22 g of dimethylaminomethylene-aminoacetonitrile, 27 g of dimethyl acetamide dimethyl acetal and 14 g of pyrrolidine is heated for 48 hours to 80° C. (bath temperature). After concentration in a vacuum and subsequent bulb tube distillation (160°-185° C./0.08 torr), 30 g of the title compound is obtained, which is crystallized from hexane.
• Boiling point 130°-150° C./0.05 torr: n D 20 1.4924.
• Boiling point 54°-57° C./14 torr: n D 20 : 1.4204
• Boiling point 200°-240° C./0.05 torr.
• a suspension of 1 g of 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester in 10 ml of 2N KOH is heated to 110° C. (bath temperature) for 2 hours. After cooling, it is acidified to pH 3-4 with 4N HCl and the precipitate is recrystallized from i-propanol. 0.73 (82%) with a melting point of 195° C. is obtained.

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• 1986
  • 1986-08-11 DE DE19863627155 patent/DE3627155A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1987
  • 1987-07-30 WO PCT/DE1987/000342 patent/WO1988001268A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1987-07-30 EP EP87904844A patent/EP0282502B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-07-30 JP JP62504627A patent/JPH01500521A/ja active Pending
  • 1987-07-30 US US07/189,511 patent/US4952698A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-07-30 DE DE8787904844T patent/DE3770161D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1988
  • 1988-03-14 DK DK138488A patent/DK165951C/da not_active IP Right Cessation

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