US453507A - Machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. RICHARDSON & P. E. HEATH. ADDING MACHINE. No. 453,507. Patented June 2,1891.

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ATTORNEYS.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. w J. RICHARDSON & F. E. HEATH.

ADDING MACHINE. No. 453,507. Patented June 2,1891.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR 5.

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(N0 Modem 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. RICHARDSON & F. E. HEATH.

ADDING MACHINE.

No. 453,507.- Patented June 2,1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

JAMES RICHARDSON, OF NORTH TARRYTO\VN, AND FRANK E. HEATH, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

ADDING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 458,507, dated June 2, 1891.

Application filed April 14, 1888- Serial No. 270,635. (No model.)

To an whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES RICHARDSON, of North Tarrytown, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, and FRANK E. HEATH, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Adding-Machine, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the anneXed drawings, forming a part thereof, in

which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine with parts broken away'to show the internal construction. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken on line so 00 in I 5 Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the readjusting mechanism of the verifying-wheels. Fig-5 is a front elevation, partly in section, with the forward ends of the keys removed. Fig. 6 is a detail View of the feeding mechan- 2o ism, and Fig. 7 is a detail view hereinafter referred to. I

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

The object of our invention is to construct 2 5 a simple and accurate adding-machine.

Our invention consists in the combination, with a series of keys representing the figures from O to 9, of a series of registering-wheels, a series of verifying-wheels, mechanism forimo parting motion to the registering and verifying wheels according to the number carried by each key-lever, and a novel positive carrying mechanism for causing any wheel of the series to carry one to the next wheel in 3 5 order.

It also consists in the combination, with the registering and verifying wheels, of positive stops for preventing them from passing beyond the prescribed limit.

to It also consists in the combination, with the feeding mechanism, of a let-off device for releasing the feeding-ratchets and a spring for returning the snmmation-wheel-turning mechanism to the point of starting.

The main frame A, which supports all the working parts, is formed of the side plates a a and the end plates 1) 1). Upon pointed screws 0, passing through the plates ac near their upper edges, is supported a spindle B, upon which are loosely mounted the summation-wheels d. Each snimnation-wheel d is provided with ten cogs or radial projections c, with intervening spaces f, upon which are impressed the figures from 0 to 9. A ratchetwheel 9, having as many teeth as there are spaces f in the summation-wheel, is attached to or formed upon the side of each summation-wheel except the first of the series, and

from the opposite side of each summationwheel except the last of the series projects a pin h, so placed that it just clears the end of the arm 7t, hereinafter described, at the point of starting and engages and moves said arm j ust before the summation-wheel to which it'loelongs completes its rotation. 6

Behind and slightly below the spindle B is fixed a rod 0, upon which is placed a series of bars 1', separated by intervening washers The ends of the bars c are forked, forming the arms Z. The arm 70 of each bar 1' pro- 70 jects into the space between two adjacent sum mation-wheels in position to be engaged by the pin 7b of one wheel, and the arm Zcarries a spring-actuated pawl m, pivoted to the said arm Z by the stud m which engages the ratchet-wheel g of the next summation-wheel d of the series. The studm projects beyond the pawl m and is capable of engaging the adjacent summation-wheel, as hereinafter described. The forked ends of the bars 1 are guided by a slotted plate a, extending across the frame A behind the summation-wheels, and the bars i are drawn downward in the slots of the said plate a by spiral springs 0, connected with eyes 13 011 the arm land attached toabar (1, extending across the frame A. On the lower part of the slotted plate at are attached fiat springs 7', whose free ends are curved so as to present convex surfaces 8 to the cogs e, the said springs acting as brakes to the summation-wheels, also causing them to register.

A rook-shaft it extends across the frame A and is journaled in the side plates at a and provided at one end with a milled head 1), by which it may be turned. The rock-shaft Lb carries afeather 20, which is adapted to engage all the pawls m above their pivots and between the arms 7.; land throw them out of engagement with the ratchet 9 when it is desired to return the summation-wheels d to zero. The boss of the milled head 1; is provided with two notches a a which are engaged by the rounded end of a spring 1), attached to the plate a. One of these notches is designed to hold the feather in out of engagement with the pawls m, and the other is designed to hold the feather in engagement with the said pawls.

In front of the row of summation-wheels dis j-ournaled a shaft D in the side plates aa of the frame A. The shaft D is capable of sliding longitudinally through the frame A and is provided with a longitudinal groove 0, which extends from a point near the center of the shaft to one end thereof. The opposite end of the shaft is grooved circumferentially to form a cylindrical rack d, which passes between toothed wheels E F, being engaged by both of the said wheels, so that when the lower one turns it will impart a longitudinal motion to the shaft D. Upon the said shaft D, between the plates a a of the frame A, is secured a star-wheel G, whose teeth e are adapted to engage the teeth (3 of the summation-wheels d, the said star-wheel being of about the same width as one of the summation-wheels. At the side of the starwheel is placed an armf, having a collar g loosely embracing the'shaftD and kept from sliding longitudinally thereon by a collar h, fixed to the shaft. The arm f extends through a slot in the cover a" and serves as an index to show the position of the star-wheel with relation to the series of summation-wheels d.

Upon the shaft D, outside of the frame A and adjoining the plate a, is placed a ratchet j,"provided with a feather (not shown) fitting in the groove 0' of the shaft and furnished upon the outer side thereof with a boss provided with clutch-teeth Z. The ratchetj is engaged by a spring-actuated retainingpawl m, pivoted 011 a :stud projecting from the plate a, and the ratchet is pressed outwardly in the direction of the length of the shaft D by a fiat spring 91', secured to the plate a. The retaining-pawl m is of such a length as to allow the ratchet j to return a part of one tooth by frictional contact of the pinion o, hereinafter described, when this begins toreturn with the sector-lever. This brings the star-wheel G out of contact with the tooth of the summation-wheel with which it has been engaged and allows it to move freely forward opposite to and ready to engage with the next summation-wheel.

Upon the shaft D, adjoining the boss 76, is loosely placed a pinion 0, provided with a feather fitting into the groove 0' of theshaft. The boss of the pinion 0 is provided with clutch-teeth Z which are engaged by the teeth Z of the ratchet j. The pinion 0' is held in its position upon the shaft D by the arm G,- secured to the plate a and extending upwardly butside of the said pinion, the arm being provided with an aperture for the passage of the shaft D.

On a stud p, projecting from an arm q, secured to the plate a, is journalcd a toothed sector-lever H, which engages the pinion 0'. The arm r of the sector-lever His slotted and carries a stud s, which is connected by arod t with a stud u, projecting through a slot in the plate a from a lever 1; within the frame A. The lever a) is formed integrally with a frame I, attached to the rock-shaft w, journaled in the side plates at a of the frame A. A cross-bar a of the frame I is provided with a series of screws b which extend vertically above the bar a Upon a bar'J, extending across the rear end of the frame A, are pivoted the key-levers'L M, the levers L being longer than the levers M, the two series of levers carrying finger-plates N, which are made to alternate in position to economize space. The keylevers L M are arranged above the bar a of the frame I and extend through slots in the front of the frame A, as shown.

The distance through which the star-wheel G is turned depends upon the distance through which the sector-lever II swings when one of the keys is depressed, and the screws 19 in the bar a" vary in length according to the motion required in thewh eel G to record the number represented by the key by which the wheelisturned. The greatest movement that frame I and lever o are capable of making will turn the star-wheel G through nine-tenths of one revolution, thereby causing the summation-wheels cl to register 9. The smallest motion which can be imparted to the frame I and lever o is that which moves the starwheel through one-tenth of a revolution and registers 1 on the summation-wheel. The screws 6 are adjusted with reference to the keys and the number to which they correspond, so as to cause the keys to be engaged by the screws at that point in the downward movement of the keys which will cause the sum mation-wheel to turn through the required distance. For example, the 9-key begins to impart motion through the frame I and lever 12 to the star-wheel at the beginning of its stroke, thereby causingthe star-wheel to make nine-tenths of a revolution and add nine to the sum represented by the wheelit engages. The S-key does not engage the screw 1) corresponding with it until it has been depressed one-tenth of its stroke, and so on throughout the entire series of keys, the l-key being arranged to push down theframeI and levero', so as to cause only one-tenth of a revolution of'the wheel G. The O-key is able to move throughout its entire stroke without engaging the frame I or turning the star-wheel G.

In the frame A, behind and above the spindle B, is j ou rnaled a rock-shaft P, to which is attached a frame Q, which reaches forward over the series of number-wheels d and carries a curved stop-plate'c which is capable of being moved down between two of the rows of teeth eof the summation-wheels to check them and prevent them from moving beyond the prescribed limit. To the rock-shaft P is fixed an arm d carrying a stud 6 which projects through a slot f in the plate a of the frame A.

To a rock-shaft g journaled in the frame A below the keys L, is attached a frame h which carries a stud 1 which projects through a slot j in the plate a and is connected with the stud f by a connecting-rod W. The frame hiis provided with a cross-bar Z which is supported normally in contact with all the keys L by a fiat spring m so that when any one of the series of keys is depressed the bar Z and frame W, of which it forms a part, are pressed downward, thereby imparting motion to the stop-plate 0 By this construction whenever motion is imparted to any one of the summation-wheels d by depressing a key the stop-plate c will'be carried down in front of the advancing tooth e of the said summation-wheel and will prevent it from being carried beyond the prescribed limit.

To the shaft 0 of the toothed wheel F is secured a ratchet-wheel a and upon the shaft 0 carrying the said toothed wheel and ratchet-wheel, is pivoted an arm 19 which extends above and below the shaft. The upper endof the arm 19 carries a stud g and upon the lower end of the said arm is formed a cam r Between the toothed wheel F and the ratchet-wheel "n and upon the shaft 0 is loosely placed an arm 3 which is connected pivotally with the connecting-rod 25 also connected with the stud a projecting through a slot in the side of the frame A from an arm '0 of the frame 72?. The arm .9 carries a springactuated pawl 10 which is adapted to engage the ratchet-wheel 11?.

To the bracket 19 which supports one end of the shaft 0 is secured a stud 0 which supports an arm (i to the free end of which is pivoted a spring-actuated pawl 6 provided with a stud f and adapted to engage the ratchet-wheel n To the plate a of the frame A are attached ears g, in which is journaled a rock-shaft k carrying a cam 1?, adapted to engage the stud (1 of the arm 19 and the pin 7' projecting from the side of the, pawl 10 By means of this arrangement when the rock-shaft h is turned in the manner presently to be described the pawl 10 is lifted out of the ratchet 01 and the arm 19 is moved by the engagement of the cam i with the pin (1 thereby bringing the rounded lower end of the arm 132 into engagement with the stud f projecting from the pawl e and lifting that pawl out of the ratchet W. The shaft 0 is prolonged beyond the bracket b to receive the inner end of a spiral spring 10 the outer end of which is looped and received on a stud-projecting from the bracket 5 (See Fig. 7.) The spring is inclosed by a cap m supported by the shaft 0 Vhen the wheel F is turned by the action of the pawl and ratchet in the manner presently to be de scribed, power is stored in the spring a for returning the wheel F and the shaft D to the point of starting after the release of the ratchet n. The forward end of the rockshaft h is provided with an arm 01 which extends through a slot in the plate ainto the frame A.

In the frame A, in front of the shaft D and slightly below the level of the shaft, is secured a rod R, upon which are placed the verifying- Wheels 0 The said verifying-wheels are provided with twelve cogs or radial projections, and in each wheel is formed a circular slot 19 for receiving a rod (1 which is carried by arms 0- r journaled on the rod B. To the arms 1' r are secured pinions s s, which turn on the rod R.

In the frame A, parallel with the rod R, is journaled a rock-shaft S, carrying toothed sectors 25 i which engage the pinions s 3 The toothed sectors 25 t are provided with arms 21, which carry a rod 0 parallel with the shaft S. The arm a of the sector :5 adjoining the plate a, is provided with the finger 10 which engages the arm n carried by the shaft g In the frame A, in front of the shaft S, is journaled a rock-shaft T, carrying arms b to which is attached a finger-plate c". The arms 17 rest upon the rod '0 Below the rod R and wheels 0 carried thereby, a rock-shaft d is journaled in the side plates a a of the frame A. To the said shaft d are attached the curved arms e, carrying a cross-bar f under the series of keys L, and to the same shaft (1 are attached the arms 9, which carry a bar h adapted to engage the teeth t' of the verifying-wheels 0 The teeth 6 of the verifying-wheels are engaged by the teeth 6' of the star-wheel, so that every movement of the star-wheel is registered upon the summation-wheels d and upon the verifying-wheels 0 Each verifyingwheel is pressed by a curved spring j which prevents it from moving too-freely and also causes it to register. The keys L, when not being depressed by the fingers are supported by the springs secured to the cross-bar Z of the frame A and extending over a rod m supported by the side plates a a, of the frame A.

The top of the machine is provided with a slot or, through which the summation-wheels d are viewed, and also with a slot 0 through which the numbers upon the wheels 0 are viewed, and the top U is provided with lines extending down across the slots 02* o to assist the operator in adjusting the arm f.

The operation of our improved adding-machine is as follows: On touching a key-say the 3-keythe bar a by the engagement of the lower edge of the key with the screw 1) belonging to that key, is pressed downward a sufficient distance to turn the shaft D by the means already described, so as to carry the star-wheel G forward three notches, thereby turning the summationavheel with which the star-wheel is engaged three places forward from 0,- displayingthe figure 3 at the slot-n. uponthat wheel. The same depression of the key that turns. the star-wheel in the manner described presses down the ban Z and the frame 71 of which the bar forms apart, drawing down the stop-plate 0 so as to bring it into engagement with one of the teeth of When the key thus depressed is allowed to rise, the upward move-- the summation-wheel.

position. As the ratchet movesforwardit. carries around the toothed wheel F, and by the engagement of the said wheel moves-the shaftD forward,'so as to bring .the-star-wheel G oppositeanothersu-mmation-wheel, and the next downward motion revolves the starwheel, so as to register the numbercalled forby the particular key, and so on u'ntil the star-wheel 1 arrivesat. the end of itstravel,

when the finger-plate 10 is pressed, thereby bringing the cam i into engagement with the pin j ofvthe pawl 10 and with the. pin (1 of :the arm Theroun-ded end of the arm 6 engagesthe pin f projectingfrom the-side of the pawl 10 and lifts the said pawl outof engagement with the ratchet of, so that the spring. which is. wound by the forward movement of the toothed wheel F, may return.

the star-wheel G-to the point. of starting. Wheneverthe finger-plate c" is pressed, besides releasing the pawlsin ,themannerdescribed, through the agency of the rock-shaft 7L3, it turns the sectors i causing. the rod (1 to carry all of the verifying-wheels back to the point of starting, so that the figure O isseen on all the verifying-wheelsv throughout the length of-the slot 0 after the addition .of eachsuccessive number and before the next is added; \Vhen it is desired to rearrange thesummation-wheels d, so as to erase the footing: and begin a new summation, the shaft u is turned, soasto release the pawls m fromthe ratchets g, when the said summationwheels are turned by means of the keys corresponding to the number required to maketen when added to the number seen through the slot'on each of the summation-wheels, re-

spectively,:moving. from'left to right, as inv performing the addition. To effect the carrying for tens from onewheel to another, the pin h at the end of the revolution of the wheel carried by it engages the arm 70 of the bar 2', which-carries up the said bar t' a. sufficient distance to cause the pawl to act upon the ratchet of the adjoiningwheel to the left and cause it to make one-tenth of a revolution. At the same time the stud m supporting pawl m on end of arm Z, engages the tooth of the summation-wheel that has been carried and looks it for an instant, so that it can go no more than one-tenth of a revolution.

After its release the arm t" is drawn downward by the spring 0, attached to the lower end of the pawl m, so as to bring the pawl on into engagement. with a new tooth of the ratchet g. 7

Having, thus described' our invention, we claim. as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In an adding-machine, the combination,

with series of summation-wheels arranged upon a common support, of'a shaft capable of longitudinal and rotarymovement, astarwheel .fixed'to the shaft and arranged to-en-.

gage the summation-wheel of-the series, a series of finger-keys, and pawl-and-ratchet mechanism connected with theekeys and shaft'and adapted to impart longitudinal; androtary motion to the shaft, substantially as specified.

2. In an adding-machine, the combination of the. summation wheels (1, provided with teeth e, the grooved shaft D, the star-wheel" G,-.carried by the said shaft.- and adapted to engage the. summation -wheels, the ratchet- ,wheel j, prov-idedwith clutch-teeth Z, the

pawl m, and spring, n, the pinion 0, provided with clutch-teeth lithe toothed. sector I H, keysL ,M, and mechanism intermediate between the keys and toothed sector, substantially as specified.

3. In an addingsmachine, the combination, with the summation-wheel-operating shaft D, provided with a cylindrical rack, of the toothed wheels E F, the ratchet of, connected with the wheel F, the arm 8 the pawl 10 carried thereby, the spring-actuated pawl c and means for impartingmotion to the arm 8 substantially as described.

4. In an adding-machine, the combination, with thesummation-wheel operating-shaft provided with a cylindricalrack,of the toothed wheels E F, the shaft 0 carrying the wheel F, the ratchet n attached to the shaft 0 the arm 3 mounted loosely on thesaid shaft, the spring-pressed pawl 10 pivoted to the arm 8 and provided with the stud 7' the springpressed retaining-pawl a provided with the pin f the arm pflmounted loosely on the shaft 0 and provided with the stud (1 the rock-shaft h" and arm '53, carried thereby, and means, substantially as described, for turning theshaft 703.

5. The combination, with the summationwheels d and star-wheel G, of the slotted verifying-wheels o adapted to be moved by the said star-wheel, the arms r 7*, rod 1 carried by the said arms and extending through the slots-of the verifying-wheels, the pinions s .9 attached tothe arms r r, the toothed sectors t 6 engaging the pinions s s, and the finger-plated, adapted to operate the said sectors, substantially as specified.

6. In an adding-machine, the combination,

with the summation-wheels (1, provided with bars being arranged to be engaged by the pins h, substantially as specified.

7. The combination of the forked barsi and the pawls m of the carrying mechanism with the shaft to, carrying the feather w for engaged to engage and stop the summation-Wheel to after being moved by the said arm, substantially as specified.

JAMES RICHARDSON. FRANK E. HEATH.

\Vitnesses:

EDGAR TATE, J. M. BITTER.

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