US442014A - Tave adolphe canet - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. B. G. A. CANET.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE APPARATUS.

No. 442,014. Patented Deo. 2,1890.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets- Sheet 2.

J. B. G. A. CANET.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE APPARATUS.

No. 442,014. Patented Deo.`2, 1890.

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheen 3.

J. B. G. A. CANET. HYDRAULIC BRAKE APPARATUS.

No. 442,014. Patented Deo. 2, 1890.

.M I .i

dig'

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

JEAN BAPTISTE GUSTAVE ADOLPHE CANET, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO SIR JOSEPH .VHITVORTII t COMPANY, LIMITED, OF

MANCHESTER., ENGLAND.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 442,014, dated December 2, 1890.

Application iiled July 19,1888. Serial No. 280,353. (No model.) Patented in France January 29, 1884, No. 160,004, and in England July 9,1887,No. 9,688.

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, JEAN BAPTISTE GUs- TAVE ADOLPHE CANET, engineer, a citizen of the Republic of France, and a resident ot' Iaris, France, have invented new and useful lm provements in Hydraulic Brake Apparatus for Ordnance, (for which I have obtained patents in the following countries: in Great Britain, No. 9,688, dated July 0, 1887, and in io France, No. 160,004, dated January 20, 188i, and (addition) No. 178,422, dated September 9, 1880,) of which the following is a specilication, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings.

x 5 This invention relates to hydraulic brake apparatus for checking the recoil of guns and regulating' or controlling their return to the ring position.

The said invention is chiefly designed to zo improve the construction and increase the efficiency of brake apparatus of the kind or class described in the specification accompanying my application for Letters Patent of the United States iiled February 27, 1880,

z5 Serial No. 301,378. l

To provide for controlling the runningout of the gun according to the presen-t invention, I combine with the brake-cylinders a device, which I will'hereinafter term the\compen 3o sating device. In this device liquid displaced from the brake-cylinders in the recoil by the progressive immersion of the pistonrods is received and retained until its return to t-he brake-cylinders or its discharge or escape is permitted by opening a valve. The running ont or return of the gun to the tiring position will then take place under the action of gravity or otherwise, its velocity being regulated by the extent of opening of the said 4o valve.

My said invention, moreover, comprises other improvements hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevationv of part of a gun-i'nounting provided with brake apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan, partly in section, on thelines o: :o and ou oc, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the said gun-mounting. Fig. i is a longitudinal central section, and Fig. 5 a tra-ns- 5o verse section, illustrating a further modification of the said invention.

Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.

A is the base-plate or racer, and ll the turn 55 table or under carriage.

C C are the brakecylinders, which are united by a transom C', and form therewith the cradle or top carriage of the gun-mount ing. This cradle or top carriage is formed 6 with bearings C2, in which the gun is mounted by means of its trunnions, and the said cradle or carriage is arranged to move longitudinally upon slides D on the under carriage B et the said gun-mounting. 6 5

E E are the pistons of the hydraulic brakes, the rods E of which are firmly fixed in brackets or bosses D at the rear ends of the slides D.

F is the cylinder of the compensating de- 7c vice, which is formed on or firmly attached to the top carriage. This cyli nder is provided with a ram or plunger'G, which is firmly secured at Dr2 in a transom at the forward end of the chassis, frame, or under carriage B. Pipes 151 Il are provided for communication between the brake-cylinders C and the conipensating cylinder F. These pipes connect the cylinders C with a valve-box I, which is connected by a short pipe J with the compen- 8o sating cylinder F. The valve-box I contains a valve K, loaded by a so-called Belleville spring L or by other suitable means.

In the apparatus shown in lfigs. l, 2, and fi asmall by-pass orbranch passage a is formed in the valvebox I, and is provided with a regulating-valve b. The stem ol' this valve has fixed thereon a pinion c, which is geared with a pinion d upon a shaft e, carried in bearings c', formed with or attached to the chassis or 9o under carriage I3 and extending through bearings c2, formed or xed on the cradle or top carriage. The pinion d is secured upon the shaft e by means of a key fitted t-o slide in a long keyway c3 in the said shaft, sothat, 95 although the said pinion must rotate with the shaft, it is lree to slide longitudinally thereon in the to-and-tro movement of the gun upon the slides l). rl.`l1eret`ore whatever may be the position ol' the gun ou the said slides the 5 valve ZJ can be controlled by turning the shaft e, which is provided for this purpose with a lever f. By these means the said valve can be adjusted while the gun is moving upon its slides. Other suitable means may, it` deto sired, be provided `for ettectiug the adjust` ment ot' the said valve, whatever may be the position of the gun on its slides. For instance, an arm may be keyed upon the shaft e and connected by a link with an arm or lei; ver on the valve-stem.

The cylinders C F and the pipes and pas sages connecting the same are filled with liquid. By and during the recoil the liquid in the brake-cylinders C in trent of the piszo tons E is forced to the rear of thelatter, asin other well-known hydraulic recoil-brakes, and a volume of liquid is displaced from the said cylinders by reason of the progressive immersion of the pistoirrods E. The liquid thus displaced is forced through the pipes ll ll', and, lil'ting the valve K, passes through the pipe .l into the compensating cylinder F. 'lhe transverse sectional area ot the ram or plunger Gis equal to that ot the two pistono rods E et the recoil-brakes. Therefore during the recoil the volume ot' liquid which, as above described, passes from the brake-cylinders C into the compensating cylinder F' will completely till the void produced in the latter byits rearward movement, because the said cylinder will have been by such rearward movement displaced relatively to the ram or plunger G through a distance equal to that through which the brake-cylinders are dis- 4o placed relatively to their pistons. The brakecylinders and the compensating cylinder are therefore always full ot' liquid, whatever may be the position of the gun and top carriage on the slides D. At the termination ol' the recoil the valve K closes under the action et its spring L (the strength of which is suitably calculated) and interrupts the communication between the brake-cylin ders andthe compensating cylinder, whatever may be the position 5o of the gun and top carriage when they come to rest upon the slides D. rlhe liquid in the compensating cylinder being retained therein will then prevent displacement ot' the said cylinder. Consequently the gun and top carriage will be held in their recoiled position, and cannot run out or return to the tiring position unt-il communication is established between the l' rakecylinders C and the cour pensating cylinder l" by opening the valve l). 6o Then this valve is opened, liquid can How from the compensating` cylinder into the brake-cylinders through the bypass (l, and the gun and top carriage will therefore return to the tiring position under the action of grav ity. The speed of this return movement can be regulated or controlled at will by the adjustment ot the valve l), so that no shock or jar will be imparted to the gun-mounting at the termination ot the return movement.

My invention is applicable to gun-mountiugs wherein the gun and top carriage are placed upon an inclined chassis, frame, or under carriage and run out or return to the ring position under the action of gravity, as above described, and also to gun-mountings wherein this running out or return is effected by the reaction ot springs or by theintroduction into the brake-cylinders ot' liquid under pressure supplied by an accumulator or pump.

My present improvements are also applicable to gun-mountings wherein the gun recoils upon a pivoted beam or slide which can be raised and lowered to cttect the vertical pointing or elevation of the gun, and toother gun-mountings,\\'lietlier the gun be supported by trunnions or otherwise. Moreover, although I have in Figs. l to 3 shown a gunmounting so constructed that the piston-rods will be in compression during the recoil, l wish it understood that my invention can, in some instances, be adapted to gun-mountings wherein the piston-rods ot the recoil-brakes are in tension during the recoil.

One peculiar feature of my invention consists in securing one part of the compensating device-viz., the cylinder or the plunger to the under carriage-and the other part to the top carriage, so that in the movement of the said top carriage upon the slides the one part will be moved or displaced relatively to the other, for the purpose above specified.

In the form or modification of my apparatus hereinbet'ore described the brake-cylinders and con'ipensating cylinder F are connected with the top carriage and are movable therewith. My improvements are, however, applicable with equal advantage in cases where the cylinders are lixed and the pistons or plungers movable, and also to various other combinations for insuring the inverse relative motions ot the cylinders or pistons ot' the brake and the cylinder or plunger ot the compensa ting device.

ln some instances provision is made for the passage of the liquid from the brake cylinder or cylinders into the compensating cylinder or cylinders, and vice versa, through the interior ot' fixed hollow or tubular piston-rods or plungers.

It is obvious that more than one compensating cylinder may be used, .if necessary or desirable.

lVhen the above-described in'iprovements are applied to gun-mountings for use on aship or vessel, the automatic action ot the springloaded valve K insures the retention of the gun and top carriage in position at the termination ot the recoil, notwithstanding the inclination of the apparatus by reason ot the rolling motion et the vessel. To insure this result the force of the spring L must be greater than the pressure transmitted by the liquid to the valve K during such rolling motion, whatever may be the extent ot' the latter.

los

IIO

In the ymodification of my invention illustrated in Figs. 4t and 5 the hydraulic brake apparatus is provided with the devices hereinafter described, whereby the gun will be rctained in its recoiled position, and the velocity of its running out or return to the firing position can be eifectually regulated or controlled-that is to say, thepiston E is formed with slots E2, through which extend taper bars E3, iixed'in the cylinder C, or the said piston may be otherwise so constructed as to permit and control the iiow of liquid from one side to the other side thereof. The piston-rod Ef is made hollow or tubular, and in this rod is inclosed another-hollowor tubular rod S, firmly secured in the rear end of the cylinder C. The cylinder C and the annular space or cavity g between the rod E and the rod S are in communication through apertures or passages g in the said rod E. A valve 7L is provided for controlling the communication between the said annular space g and the chamber, cavity, or passage S in the rod S. This valve is tit-ted to slide yupon a reduced part of the rod S; An adjustable valve j is, moreover, provided, which closes the chamber or passage S', and whereby coinmunication may be established through suitable oriiices at 7c between the said chamber or passage S and'the space in the cylinder@ at the rear ofthe piston E. During the recoil liquid f rom the cylinder C, passing through 'the apertures g into the annular space g between the two rods, lifts the valve 7L from its seat and enters the central chamber or space S within the'rod S. Liquid also passes the piston E into the space behind the said piston. At t-he termination of the recoil the valve h closes, so that theliquid is retained in the chamber or space S under pressure due to the weight of the gun and top carriage or to force applied to effect the return of the gun to the firing position by springs or otherwise. Therefore the gun and top carriage cannot move unless or until the controllingvalve j is opened to permit the liquid to es cape from the said chamber S into the space in the cylinder at the rear of the piston. 'lhe opening of this valve can be regulated at will, so that the return of the gun to the liring position can be controlled as desired. It will be seen that the rod S and hollow pistonrod E constitute a controlling device, acting for the same purpose as the-coml'iensating device hereinbefore described.

The hollow rod E may, if desired, be connected by a pipe 'll with an accumulator or pump to permit the running in ot' the gun without firing the same. I

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is\*o be performed, I wish it understood that I ahraware that various forms of apparatus liave`-bcen devised for use in combination with hydraun lic recoil-brakes for ordnance for the purpose of regulating or controlling the running out or return of the gun to its tiring position after its recoil. I therefore do not claim, generally or apart from my improvements herein specified, the provision or use of means for accomplishing this result; but

l. In a gun-mounting, the combination, with a hydraulic brake-cylinder, of a co mpensating br equalizing device which is connected with the said cylinder and is adapted to receive the liquid displaced therefrom in the recoil, and which comprises a cylinder or chamber, a piston or plunger working therein, a nonreturn valve for retaining the liquid in the compensating cylinder, and a valve for permitting and controlling the return ot' the said liquid to the ln'ake-cylinder, for the purposes above specified.

In a gun-mounting, the combination, with a hydraulic brake-cylinder from which liquid is displaced during the recoil, of a compensating or eqnalizing` device adapted to receive and retain the liquid displaced from the said brake-cylinder, and consisting, essentially, of a hydraulic cylinder and piston or plunger, one of which moves to and fro and the other of which is secured to the under carriage or frame of the said mounting, and a valve for permitting and controlling the return of the liquid from the said compensating or equalif/.ing device to the lnake-cylinder, for the purposes above specilied.

3. In a gu n-mounting, the combination, with a hydraulic brake-cylinder from which liquid is displaced during the recoil, of a compensating or equalizing device consisting, essentially, of a hydraulic cylinder and a piston or plunger, one of which moves to and fro and the other of which is secured to the under carriage or frame of the said mounting', a pipe or passage connecting the brake-cylinder with the cylinder of the compensating or equalizing device, a non-return valve in the said pipe or passage, and a valve for permitting and controlling the return of the liquid from the said compensating or equalizing device to the brake-cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes above specified.

4f. Ina gunmonnting, the combination, with a hydraulic brake-cylinder and a compensating or equalizing device consisting` essentially, of a piston or plunger workingl in a cylindex' connected with the said brake-cylinder by a pipe or passage provided wit-h a non-return valve for the purpose above specified, of a by-pass or branch passage connecting the said brake-cylinder with the compensating cylinder, and an adjustable valve for controlling the return of the liquid through the said by-pass or branch passage, substantially as set forth.

5. In a gun-mounting, the combination, with a hydraulic brake-cylinder and a compensating or equalizing device consisting, essentially, of a piston or plunger Working in a cylinder connected with the brake-cylinder by a pipe or passage provided with anon-return IOL) IIO

valve for thevpurpose above specified, of a by-pass or branch passage connecting the said brake-cylinder and compensating device, an adjustable valve for controlling the return of the liquid through the said by-pass or bran eh passage, and means, substantially such as above described, whereby the said valve may be adjusted from a fixed station, whatever may be the position of the gun on the chassis or under carriage.

'6. In a gun-mounting, the combination, with the brake-cylinders C, of the compensating or equalizing device consisting, essentially, of the cylinder F and piston or plunger G, one of which moves to and fro and the other of which is secured to the under carriage or frame of the said mounting, pipes or passages II H J, connecting the said brakecylinders with the cylinder F, a non-return valve K in the pipe or passage J, and an adjustable valve for permitting and controlling the return of the liquid from the said cylinder F to the brake-cylinders, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a gun-mounting, the combination, with the brake-cylinders C, of the compensating or equalizing device consist-ing, essentially, of the cylinder F and piston orvplunger G, one of which moves to and fro and the other of which is secured to the under carriage or frame of the said mounting, pipes or passages H H J, connecting the said brakecylinders with the cylinder F, a non-return valve l( in the pipe or passage J, the bypass or branch passage a around the said valve, and an adjustable valve l) in and governing the said by-pass or branch passage, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

S. In a gun-mounting. the combination, with the brake-cylinders C, of the compensating or equalizing device consisting, essentially, of the cylinder F and piston or plunger G, one of which moves to and fro and the other of which is secured to the under carriage or frame of the said mounting, pipes or passages H H J, connecting the said brakeeylinders with the cylinder F, a non-return valve K in the pipe or passage J, the by-pass or branch passage a around the said valve, an adjustable valve l in the said by-pass or branch passage, a pinion c, fixed on the stem of the valve b, a pinion d, geared with the said pinion c and arranged between lugs c2 on the top carriage, a shaft e, fitted to rotate in bearings on the under carriage and extending through the said pinion (l and connected therewith, so that the pinion can slide to and fro on the said shaft but must rotate therewith, and a lever f, for operating the said shaft,` all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JEAN BAPTISTE GUSTM'E ADOLIIIE CANET.

Wi tn esses:

RoBT. M. I'looPEn, CH. F. THtRioN.

Images