US417099A - Pottery-machine - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. 1.. SHEPARD.

PONEN MAQHINB; V

Patented Deo. 10, 1889.

(No Model.)

...l mnunnuni. lili.

wmm

-UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILBUR L. SlrlE'PARl), OF \V EST HARTFORD, ASSIGi'OR OF ONE-HALF TO H.

BURDET" GOODVIN, TILBUR E. OF ELMWTOOD, CONNECTICUT.'

GOODVIN, AND NEWTELL GOODYIN,

POTTERY-MACHIN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,099, dated December 10, 1889.

Application tiled September l0, 1889.

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Beit known that l, lVILBUR L. SHEPARD, of Test Hartford, Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Pottery-Machine, of which the following description and claims constitute the specification, and which is illustrated .by the accompany two sheets of drawings.

This invention is particularly applicable to turning non-circular interiors in articles of io pottery; but it may also be applied to turning non-circular forms in cron articles composed of other material.

Figure l of the drawings is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section looking downward from ther broken line a l) of Figs. l and Fig. l is a central vertical section of the machine on a plane parallel with the view of Fig. l, but showing sundry ofthe parts in a different position from what is in- 2o dicated by the full lines of Fig. l, though in the saine position as is indicated by broken lines in that figure. Fig. -i is a vertical section looking to the left from the broken line c d of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a diagram hereinafter ex- 2 5 plained.

The letter A indicates the stationary parts of the franie of the nia'chine.

The letter B indica/tes a vertical shaft re Volved by the pulley C when that pulley is 3o elevated by the treadle D and the intermediate mechanism' shown in the drawings, so as to inakc a solid frictional contact with the disk F., which is itself fixed to the shaft B, though the pulley C, when out of 3 5 contact with the disk E, revolves loosely on that shaft. The upper end of the shaft carries the inold F. The guide G rests upon a iiange which encii'cles the niold sonic distance below its annular edge. The sleeve I-l 4o reciprocates vertically on the frame of the machine, being pulled upward by the rope I 'and the weight J and being forced downward by the lever K and the pitinan L. The treadle M works the rod N and the arni O iii one direction, and that arin is pulled in the other direction by the rope P and the spring Q. The arin C is keyed to the shaft R, and the n n 7 spring S is also fastened to that shaft, so as to rock with t-he arin O. The sleeve ll is pro- 5o vided with the rearward extension T, the end Serial No. 328,503. (No model.)

of which reciprocates vertically on the rearward part of the frame A. rlhe sleeve H is also provided with the parallel forward extensions U and U, between which the slide Y reciprocates when caused to do so by the oscillation of the spring S working in the central vertical longitudinal opening thereof. The upper end ot' the scraper XV is adjustably fixed in the forward end of that longitudinal opening, and the stud X. is likewise 6o fixed in the rearward end thereof, and its lower end is provided with the anti-friction roller Y. The forward ends of the extensions U and U are united by the bracket Z.

The inode of operation is as follows: The inold F is provided with clay on its bottoni andthe inner sides'of its annular wall in sufficient'quantity to furnish material for the article of pottery to be made. The lever K is then raised from the position shown in Fig. 7o l`in full lines to that shown in dotted lines in that figure and in full lines in Figs. 3 and 4, and the sleeve II is thus lowered against theY resistance of the weight J and its forward extensions U and U and their appurtenances are also lowered freni their positions shown in full lines in Fig. l to the positions shown in dotted lines in that figure. That operation carries the scraper XV down to the center of the niold. Then the treadle M is 8o depressed, andthe spring S is thus rocked forward with the shaft R. That inotion carries the slide V forward until the roller Y reaches a contact with the outside of the guide G; but that forward inotion is resisted by the outer edge of the scraper \V sooner reaching contact with the inside of the inass of clay which is upon the inside of the walls of the inold F. Then the treadle D is depressed, so as to bring the loose pulley C into solid fric- 9c tional contact with the disk E, and to thus cause that disk, the shaft B, the inold F, and the guide G to participate in the revolution of the pulley. As that revolution continues, the' forward edge of the scraper lV 95 turns the inside of the upright annular wall of the clay in the inold into a contour corresponding with the compound curvature of the front edge of the scraper in a vertical direction and having a circular forni of conioo tinually-varying diameter horizontally; but as soon as that turning has continued so tar as to enable the springS to carry the roller Y into contact with the outside ot' the guide G that guide causes the stud X, the slide V, and the scraper lV to reciprocate against and under the action ot the spring S four times during each revolution of the mold F and the guide G. That reciprocation o't the scraper lV depends upon the contour ot' the outside of the guide G in point of frequency and also in point of the varying speed of the various parts of each of the backward and forward motions which constitute th at reciprocation. lVhere the outside of, the guide G has the contour shown in Fig. 2, the reeiprocation of the scraper lV, combined with the revolution of the mold F, results in turning the inside of the upright part of the clay in that mold with a vertical contour correspon ding to the com pou nd curve of theforward edge of the scraper lV and into a horizontal contour, which, instead of being circular, as it was before the roller Y reached contact with the outside ot' the guide G, is square with slightly-rounded corners, as indicated bythe area which in Fig. 2 is bounded by the broken line e. After the interior of the wall ot the article of pottery has been turned into the form desired the treadleM is released, and the spring Q is thus allowed to raise the arm O, and thus to cause the spring S to oscillat-e backward and carry the scraper lV to the center of the mold. The lever K is then brought down to the lower position shown in Fig. l, and the sleeve ll, with its appurtenances, including the scraper lV, is raised to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 1, so that the finished article of. pottery may be withdrawn from the mold. l

Other forms than that resulting from the use of the guide G may be turned on the insides ot' articles of. pottery by substituting for that guide other guides having different exterior contours.

The rule for making drawings for the manufacture of a guide to produce any desired contour on the inside ol articles of pottery will be understood from the following description ot' the method of making the drawing for the guide G when that: description is studied in connection with the diagram of Fig. 5, which illustrates that method.

In the diagram of Fig. 5, the numeral l in dicates a center which is coincident with the axis of revolution of the mold F, and the numeral? denotes an endless line which represents the horizontal contour of the inside of the annular wall of the article of pottery, the inside of which is turned to that contour by the scraper lV when that scraper is governed in its motions by the guide G, and the numeral 3 denotes a circle which represents the inner side of the annular wall of the mold,

` and the inner side of the guide G, and the numeral 5 denotes an endless line which represents the contour of the outer side of the guide G. The radial lines in the diagram of Fig. 5 do not represent any tangible things, but are placed on the diagram ten degrees apart at'ter the diagram is otherwise completed, except as to the line 5, in order to facilitate the work of thedraftsman in laying out the line 5 from the line f3.

The line 5 is laid out from the line 2 in the 'following manner: A pair of dividers is set with its points such a distance apart as to exactly reach from the point in line 2 to a point exactly on the opposite side ot' the central point l and ashort distance beyond the ci rele 4. The point thus reached is marked by the divider and becomes the point @c in the line 5. Then one point ot the dividers is placed upon the point y of the line 2, and the other point of the dividers is placed exactly on the opposite side of the central point l, and the point thus reached becomes the point y in the line 5. Then one point of the dividers is placed upon the point ,e of line 2, and the other point of the dividers is placed exactly on the opposite side of the central point l, and the point thus reached becomes the point 5 in the line 5. In the same manner all the thirty-six points in the line 5, which are indicated by the junctions of the radial lines with that line, are established by measuring with the dividers from all the thirty-six points in the line 2, which are respectively on the opposite side ot the central point l relatively to vlthe said thirty-six points in the line 5. Then the line 5 is completed by uniting all the thirty-six points which have thus been established, so as to constitute the symmetrically-curved endless line which is designated by that numeral in Fig. 5. Thus it appears that the rule for laying out the contour ot' the outside of a guide for producing anycontonr on the inside of an article of pottery may be stated in the following terms: Establish all part-s of the endless line which is to be made to represent the contour of the outside of the guide equally distant from the opposite parts of the endless line which represents the contour desired for the inside of the article of pottery and have that central point of the diagram which represents the center of revolution of the article of pottery exactly on a line between each pair of opposite parts of the two endless lines.

I claim as my inventionl. In a machine for turning non-circular forms, the combination of a guide having a non-circular contour and revolving 'concentrically with the revolution of the article being turned, a cutter or scraper adapted to work on 011e side of that center of revolution, and a reciprocating slide working across that center of revolution and adapted to govern the cutter or scraper in accordance with reciprocating motion received by it from the guide on the opposite-side of that center ot' revolution.

IOO

IIO

2. The combination of the treadle M, the

rod N, the arm O, the Spring` Q, the shaft R, and the Spring; S, all substantially as described.

The combination of the Sleeve Il, the leve'r K, the slide V, and the scraper lV, all. substantially as described.

4. The combination of the sleeve ll, prou vided with the extensions U and U', and the slide V,reciprocating between those extensions, all substantially as described. l

5. In a machine for turning` non-circular forms, the combination of a gnde having a non-circular contour, a revolving holder for.

the article to be turned, a cutter or scraper VVILBUR L. SHEPARD.

Witnesses:

ALBERT H. WALKER, PHEBIE A. PHELPS.

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