US393357A - champion - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 8 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. H. CHAMPION.

BLOWER FOR BOILER FURNACES.

No. 393,357. Patented Nov. 27, 1888.

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(No Model.)

T. H. CHAMPION.

BLOWER FOR BOILER FURNACES.

N0. 393,357. PatentedNov. .27, 1888.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Orri'en.

THEODORE H. CHAMPION, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

BLOWER FOR BOILE R FURNAOES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 393,357, dated November 27, 1888.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE I-I. CHAM- PION, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Minneapolis, county of Hennepin, State of Minnesota, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Blowers for Boiler-Furnaces, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention is in the nature of an improve ment on the mechanism shown and described in the Patent No. 362,935, issued to me, of date May 17, 1887. By reference to that patent it will be seen that I introduce a mass of thoroughly-commingled air and steam under the furnace-grate. The steam is taken from the steam-dome of the boiler and the air from any convenient location outside the furnace. A peculiar injector, consisting of a number of truncated cone'shaped nozzles, is set in an annular steam-pipe, with their large ends outermost, and over each nozzle is placed a truncated cone-shaped hood, with its large end surrounding the large end of the steam-nozzle. The result is that the steam passes out on divergent lines and the air enters the hood on convergent lines, and the two are thoroughly commingled. A large conicalshaped shell encircles the injector, with its small end toward the furnace-grate, and is adjustable lengthwise, for the purpose of varying the focus or converging point of the commingled mass of air and steam. The whole mass of air and steam is thus forced under the grate under high pressure, and is found very effective in assisting to burn slack and other forms of refuse fuel. Provision is made for drawing the steam either directly from the boiler to the injector, or for superheating the steam before it is passed to the injector. This construction makes a very powerful blast and quickly raises the fire to an intense heat. It is therefore desirable to only employ the blast inter mittently.

My present invention has for its object to make the construction selfregulating. A certain pressure is adapted as the standard, and whenever the pressure in the boiler falls below this point the blast is turned on. When it rises to the standard pressure, it is automatically cut off.

To this end my invention consists in the construction hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, like letters referring to like parts throughout, Figure 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2, a vertical cross-section; Fig. 3, a plan of a furnace-boiler embodying my invention, and Fig. 4. is a vertical section of the pressure regulator.

A is the body of the furnace; B, the fire-box or combustion-chamber; O, the grate; D, the ash-pit; E, the boiler; F, the steam-dome of the same.

G- is a blast-conduit cut through one of the walls of the furnace, leading to the interior of the ash-pit.

H is my combined air and steam injector, of a construction described in my former patent.

H is the steam-supply pipe connecting the injector with the steam-dome of the boiler.

h is a stop-cock in this pipe for regulating the supply of steam by hand, if so desired. Injector H is in the mouth of conduit G.

J is a fixed support at some point above the boiler. It may be the ceiling of the boilerroom. One or more sheaves, i, are attached to the support J. In the pipe H, preferably on the horizontal section of the same and in proximity to the steam-dome, is placed a cutoff and supply valve, K, having a stem projecting therefrom through a suitable stuffingbox, it. A pair of arms, Z- Z, are rigidly attached tothe pipe or to a sleeve mounted thereon on the opposite sides of the stuffingbox. One of these arms, as' Z, is bifurcated and extended to some little distance above the other arm, I.

L is a lever pivoted to the arm E at one end, and bearing an adjustable weight, M, on its other or free end. This lever is held and guided between the bifurcated ends of the arm Z. to the lever L between the arms I and l.

N is the regulator. It may be of any suitable construction adapted to the purpose, and controlled either by water or steam from the boiler. The construction shown is adapted to steam; and it consists, essentially, of a fixed hollow piston having a small exhaust-duct, a movable cylinder mounted thereon, and a balanced valve for ccntrolling the supply of steam to the interior of the piston. To a right angled extension, a, of the steam-supply pipe The stem of the valve K is attached l), I attach a val ve-scat section of pipe, 1, provided with the valve-seat 2 and an exhaustduct, 3, leading from a point above the valve seat. Into the top of the valve-seat section I screw a solid section, ol. provided with a vertical stcamway, 5, on one side, and a central slot, 6, for the passage of the valve'operating lever P, and a hollow axis below said slot for the outward passage of the valve-stem.

7 is the balanced valve located in the seat 2 and connected to the lever I by the stem 8.

9 is the hollow open-ended piston, connected by the hollow stem 10 with the top of the intermediate section, 4. c is a weighted movable cylinder mounted thereon.

1L is a cushioning-spring within the piston and bearing against the upper end of the cylinder, and 12 is a similar spring encircling the piston-stem between the bottom of the cylinder and lower end of the piston. The ex-, haust-duct 3 is small compared with the steamway 5, and communicates with a waste-pipe. (NOllSllOWlL) Theexhaust-ductorwaste-pipe may be supplied with a check-valve, if so desired; but such a valve is not necessary. The lever P passes through the slot 0, and is fulcrumed at one end to some fixed support.

The valvestem is attached to this lever. On the outer end of the lever is an adjustable weight, 1). The action of this valve is that of the ordinary balance-valve. YVhencver the steam in the boiler reachesa certain pressure, it will lift the weighted valve and pass into the cylinder 0. This predetermined pressure may be fixed at any standard by varying the position of the adjustable weight.

From the top of the movable cylinder 0 a flexible connection, Q, extends over the sheaves i, and thence to the free end of the lever L.

It is the air-supply conduit communicating below with the blast-conduit G- and having its receiving end at or near the top of the furnacewall. 1 form this conduit by thick brick walls built out from the adjacent furnace-wall, making the furnace-wall serve as the inner vertical wall of the conduit; or it may be described as set in the furuace-wall,which is enlarged for the purpose. The outer vertical wall, r ,of this conduit is provided with a horizontal opening, S,at the bottom on a line with the blast-conduit G, for affording access to the injector, and with a door, T, for closing the same. The conduit R is provided with a gravity falling valve or door, W, at its top.

The flexible connection Q, is provided with an extension, Q, attached to the :free end of the grate. As soon, however, as the steanr pressure reaches the given standard it will overcome the weight 1), raise the valve from its seat, and pass into the cylinder 0. The cylinder will then rise under the steam-pressure, slacking the flexible connection,and the valve K and door TV will fall to their limit by gravity, cutting off both steam and partially closing the air-conduit. The door \V does not entirely close, leaving sufficient opening for supply ofthe natural draft. Thereafter the normal pressure will be maintained without material variation. The instantit falls below thestandard the cylinder will descend and the valves be opened, admitting steam and starting the injectoruntil the pressure is restored. When the mechanism is properly adjusted, the variation will be kept within a range of less than five degrees. This automatic regulation is a very material point in a blower of this kind. Otherwise the constant attention of an attendant would be required to turn on and off the supply of steam and air with all the coneomt taut risks of imperfect or defective control, not the least of which would be the frequent loss of his fire. With my regulator the fire is constant and the fuel is used with the greatest economy.

The purpose of having the receiving end of the air-supply conduit at or above the top of the furnace is to draw the supply from the hottest strata of air in thefurnace-room. For the purpose offurther heating this air the inner vertical wall of the conduit is passed as near as possible to the fire-wall of the furnace. Heat which would otherwise be wasted is thus ntilized to raise the temperature of the airbefore it is brought in contact with the fuel, and a corresponding saving is effected.

The purpose of setting the injector within a space inclosed by heavy surrounding walls and having that part of the air-supply conduit directly connected to the injector formed with heavy surrounding walls is to deaden the sound of the blast. This effect is further heightened by having the receiving end of the air-conduit somewhat remote from the injector. Without some such provision the loud noise made is very objectionable.

It will, of course, be understood that the particular form of the automatic regulator is immaterial. All that is essential is, that the regulating device be operated by steam under boiler-pressure, and that the movable part of the device be connected in some suitable way with the valves controlling the supply of steam and air to the injector.

1 It is evident that springs might be substituted in place of the weights M and 1).

1 do not herein show any means for superheating the steam before introducing it under the grate; but my construction for that purpose will be found fullyset forth in my former patent, hereinbefore identified. My regulatoris equally applicable in either case.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

IlO

1. Thecombination,with asteam-boilerfurnace provided with a horizontal blast-conduit through one of its walls to the ash-pit, of a vertical air-supply conduit within the enlarged walls of said furnace adjacent to the combustion-chamber, having its receiving end at or above the top of the furnace, communicating below with said blast-conduit,and a combined steam and air injector within said blast-conduit having asteam-supply pipe communicating with the steam-space of the boiler, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a steam-boiler furnace provided with a horizontal blast: conduit through one of its walls to the ashpit, of a vertical air-supply conduit within the enlarged walls of said furnace adjacent THEODORE H. CHAMPION.

In presence of- JAS. F. WILLIAMsoN, A. H. OPSAHL.

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