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US3905765A - Steam treatment of fabrics - Google Patents

Steam treatment of fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
US3905765A
US3905765A US290669A US29066972A US3905765A US 3905765 A US3905765 A US 3905765A US 290669 A US290669 A US 290669A US 29066972 A US29066972 A US 29066972A US 3905765 A US3905765 A US 3905765A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
textile material
roller
belts
pressure
pressurized vessel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US290669A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ian Stockwell Bissitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wira and Mather and Platt Ltd
Original Assignee
Wira and Mather and Platt Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wira and Mather and Platt Ltd filed Critical Wira and Mather and Platt Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3905765A publication Critical patent/US3905765A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with hydrogen, water or heavy water; with hydrides of metals or complexes thereof; with boranes, diboranes, silanes, disilanes, phosphines, diphosphines, stibines, distibines, arsines, or diarsines or complexes thereof
    • D06M11/05—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with hydrogen, water or heavy water; with hydrides of metals or complexes thereof; with boranes, diboranes, silanes, disilanes, phosphines, diphosphines, stibines, distibines, arsines, or diarsines or complexes thereof with water, e.g. steam; with heavy water
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B17/00—Storing of textile materials in association with the treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B17/04—Storing of textile materials in association with the treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours in wound form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C21/00—Shrinking by compressing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C2700/00—Finishing or decoration of textile materials, except for bleaching, dyeing, printing, mercerising, washing or fulling
    • D06C2700/13—Steaming or decatising of fabrics or yarns

Definitions

  • any textile material may be treated by the method and apparatus of the present invention, the treatment is especially advantageous when applied to textile fabrics containing a substantial proportion of keratin fibre.
  • compression effects imparted in the presence of moisture at temperatures below 100C may be removed by a subsequent wet treatment at 100C. This is known as temporary set.
  • the invention proceedses from a realization that whereas a light load will effect only a small compression of a fabric, a heavy load is applied to a fabric for a short period, the total recovery of the fabric from its large compression on removal of the heavy load can be prevented by the imposition of the same light load, and the final compression under the light load is then greater than the compression resulting from the light load alone. While this is true in normal conditions, i.e. conditions at atmospheric pressure, it is particularly pronounced in a saturated steam atmosphere at a temperature greater than 100C.
  • a method of imparting a durable compression effect to textile material comprising the steps of moving the textile material into and out of a treatment zone, maintaina ing the material under a substantiallycontinuous compresssive load during its movement along a predetermined path within said zone, and increasing the load at at least one location along said path.
  • the treatment zone is a steaming zone maintained at a temperature greater than 100C.
  • the steaming zone preferably contains saturated steam.
  • the material is removed from the steaming zone with an applied load less than the continuous compressive load.
  • apparatus for use in impartinga durable compression effect totextile material comprising a vessel for providing a treatment zone for the textile material, means for constraining the material to follow a predetermined path through said zone,means for applying a substantially'continuous compressive load to the material as it is moved along said path, and means for further increasing the compressive load at at least one location along said path.
  • the constraining means is a pair of endless belts between which the fabric is sandwiched, the fabtic/belt sandwich being constrained to follow a curved path.
  • the compressive load applying means comprises means for tensioning the belts and rollers around which the tensioned belts are moved in a curved path.
  • the means for further increasing the compressive load is preferably one or more pressure nips.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevation of a preferred form of apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is an alternative form of the apparatus
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative roller detail of the apparatus of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 illustrates diagrammatically the tension in a belt or blanket passing over a curved surface
  • FIG. 5 illustrates graphically the result on material thickness of applying and removing a series of compressive loads.
  • the apparatus comprises a pressure vessel or autoclave 10 provided with fluid inlet and outlet means.
  • a pressure vessel or autoclave 10 provided with fluid inlet and outlet means.
  • this vessel 10 there is disposed three pressure rollers 11 spaced equiangularly around a nip roller 12 lying along the vessel axis.
  • a motor 13 external of the vessel 10 drives a gearwheel l4 coaxial "with the nip roller 12.
  • the gearwheel 14 is not drivingly fast with the nip roller 12 which is freely rotatable.
  • the gearwheel 14 meshes with a gearwheel 15 fast with the shaft 16 of each pressure roller 11 so that these pressure rollers 11 are driven from a common source, i.e. the motor 13 and gearwheel 14.
  • gearwheels l4 and 15 are internal of the pressure'ves sel 10, the roller shaft 16 of gearwheel 14 passing through appropriate seals in the vessel wall as will be manifest to anyone skilled in the art.
  • each pressure roller shaft 16 is carried in a block 17 on which acts a pressure-applying device which, in this instance, is a diaphragm unit 18 such that application of air pressure to one side of the diaphragm 19 causes a pressure to be applied to the blocks 17 via, for example, a rod 20 and consequently to the pressure rollers l 1 thus increasing the pressure at their nips with the nip roller 12.
  • a pressure-applying device which, in this instance, is a diaphragm unit 18 such that application of air pressure to one side of the diaphragm 19 causes a pressure to be applied to the blocks 17 via, for example, a rod 20 and consequently to the pressure rollers l 1 thus increasing the pressure at their nips with the nip roller 12.
  • a pressure-applying device which, in this instance, is a diaphragm unit 18 such that application of air pressure to one side of the diaphragm 19 causes a pressure to be applied to the blocks 17 via, for example,
  • the pressure vessel 10 has a top inlet and outlet extending along a substantial part of its length and appropriate seals 21 are disposed at the inlet and outlet so as to allow passage of material therethrough without loss of pressure from the vessel 10.
  • seal 21 is disclosed in British Pat. No. 1,001,508 in the name of Mather and Platt Limited.
  • a freely rotatable guide roller 22 is disposed between adjacent nips, and a freely rotatable guide roller 23 is disposed adjacent the vessel inlet and the vessel outlet.
  • a conveying arrangement for carrying, for example, fabric in open width through this vessel l0.
  • This arrangement consists of two endless belts or blankets formed of any convenient material which will withstand the treatment conditions within the'vessel 110 without interfering with the treatment of the fabr'ic..rAn example of such a material is a high temperature nylon.
  • Thetwo belts form a sandwich with the fabric as the central layer.
  • the inner endless belt 24 passes around (from the top left hand comer of FIG. 1) a tension control roller 25, a double swivel roller guide unit 26, a take-up roller 27, guide rollers 28 and 29, a first curved plate 30, a guide roller 31, a second curved plate 32, into the pressure vessel where it follows a path between the guide roller 23 and top pressure roller 11 around guide roller 22 and then between the latter and the right-hand pressure roller 11, between the three nips constituted by the pressure rollers 11 and nip roller 12, between the left-hand pressure roller and its guide roller 22, around the latter, between the top pressure roller 11, and guide roller 23 and then out of the pressure vessel 10, along a third curved plate 33, over a guide roller 34 and back to the tension control roller 25;, Y
  • the various rollers and plates external of the .vessel 10 are eitherconveniently supported on the frame of the apparatus or associated framework or are mounted indirectly on the vessel 10.
  • The. tension-control roller 25 and take-up roller 27 are movably mounted on the frame 35 so that they can be adjusted by any convenient means known in the art for belt tensioning and take-up purposes.
  • the plates 30, 32 and 33 are preferably formed of I stainless steel.
  • the outer endless belt 36 passes around a pair of pull rollers 37, 38, a tension control roller 39, a take-up roller 40, a guide roller 41, another take-up roller 42,-a
  • the take-up rollers 40, 42 are adjustably mounted for take-up purposes.
  • the path of the fabric F is from a supply (not shown) over a guide roller 49, through swivel tension tubes 50,
  • the compensator roll 53 "automatically operates a control 53A of a DC geared motor (not shown) which drives the fabric pull roll 52.
  • the abovedescribed apparatus can be used to effect "a permanent lustre or other compression effect on a C-Etextile fabric with saturated steam at a temperature greater than 100C.
  • the fabric to be treated may be one containing a substantial proportion of keratin fibre suchas wool.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates diagrammatically that the tension in a belt passing over a curved surface exerts a radial press Reference is now made to a tensioning roller 69.
  • FIG. 5 indicates graphically the result on fabric thickness of applying and removing a series of compressive loads in an environment of saturated steam at a temperature greater than 100C.
  • V A g the modified apparatus of FIG. 2, which has a pressure vessel or autoclave with an inlet 61 and outlet 62having seals as aforesaid'a'n d through which a fabric 63 in open passes sandwiched between endless belts 64 and 65. Externally of the vessel 60, the belt 64 passes over idler rollers' 66 and a displaceable tensioning roller 67. I l
  • the belt similarly passes over idler rollers 68 and In the vessel 60, the fabric/belt sandwiched is guided in a curved path (shown, for clarity, in dotted lines) defined by guide rollers 70 to 73, a rotatable hollow cylinder 74 and fixed curved plates 75.
  • Guide roller 70 is of small diameter so that the distance of the fabric/belt sandwiched from its last contact with roller 70 to the outlet 62 is small.
  • the cylinder 74 preferably driven by any convenient 'means so as to move the belts 64'and 65 and the fabric 63 sandwiched between them in the direction indicatedby'the" arrows.”
  • Pressurerollers 76 are arranged aroundthat portion of the cylinder 74, covered by the fabric/belt sandwich and are urged against: the cylinder by conventional means '(not shown) 1 Outside the vessel'60 the fabric is fed to the inner belt 65 over a roller 77'and 'aft'er'withdrawal is led' away from the belts by a roller 78.
  • f t I In FIG. 3, there is shown an alternative to the pressure rollers 76, namely a curved plate 79 urged by a fluid pressure cylinder 80 against the cylinder 74.
  • This apparatus operates in the same way as the apparatus of FIG. 1.
  • the path of the belts is substantially straight and the only substantial compressive force exerted on the fabric 63 is that caused by its passage through the outlet 62 which may, as aforesaid, be a conventional pressure seal.
  • the compressor force which leads, under these conditions, to a temporary effect is thus reduced to a minimum.
  • the curve surfaces defining the path of the fabric may be composed solely of rotatable rollers or of fixed plates or of both rollers and plates in other configurations or combinations.
  • the pressure rollers may be replaced by pressure plates which may be convex or concave or linear with respect to the cloth/belts sandwich.
  • the degree of compression exerted can be varied by varying the temperature in the vessel, the tension of the belts, the number and pressure of the pressure rollers or the like, the speed of movement of the fabric or pressure of the seals, and the invention includes controlling these parameters.
  • the conditions within the pressure vessel can be adapted to suit requirements.
  • a treatment may require the use of superheated steam, vacuum conditions, or pressure above and below atmospheric pressure.
  • the apparatus can be used in any application where it is advantageous to compress the fabric.
  • Apparatus for use in imparting a durable compression effect to textile material comprising: (a) a pressurized vessel for providing a treatment zone for the textile material, (b) a pair of endless tensioned belts between which the textile material is sandwiched for applying a substantially continuous compressive load to the textile material and for constraining the textile material to follow a curved path through said pressurized vessel, (c) means for tensioning the endless belts, (d) a single nip roller centrally located within said pressurized vessel, and (c) three pressure rollers equidistantly spaced about and adjacent to the periphery of said nip roller having their rotating axes parallel to said single nip roller within said pressurized vessel to increase the compressive load on said textile material as it passes between said nip roller and said pressure rollers.
  • step of steaming the textile material is accomplished by using saturated steam at a temperature greater than 100C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US290669A 1971-09-22 1972-09-20 Steam treatment of fabrics Expired - Lifetime US3905765A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4411971A GB1409531A (en) 1971-09-22 1971-09-22 Steam treatment of fibres

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3905765A true US3905765A (en) 1975-09-16

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ID=10431873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US290669A Expired - Lifetime US3905765A (en) 1971-09-22 1972-09-20 Steam treatment of fabrics

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3905765A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5514191B2 (xx)
DE (1) DE2246710A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2154244A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1409531A (xx)
IN (1) IN137885B (xx)
IT (1) IT967740B (xx)
NL (1) NL7212813A (xx)
PL (1) PL79456B1 (xx)
SU (1) SU640673A3 (xx)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4057864A (en) * 1974-07-09 1977-11-15 Tootal Limited Wet transfer printing process and apparatus

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1202577B (it) * 1987-02-20 1989-02-09 Pietro Alberto Apparecchiatura per il decatizzo continuo di tessuti in autoclave
FR2633950A1 (fr) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-12 Lhamaide Sa Emile De Installation d'ennoblissement de la matiere textile
EP0523309A1 (en) * 1991-07-19 1993-01-20 Pietro Alberto A method of dry embossing on fabrics while decatizing
ITUD20010124A1 (it) * 2001-07-17 2003-01-17 Lafer Spa Procedimento e dispositivo per il decatissaggio di un tessuto

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1315698A (en) * 1919-09-09 Greenwood bailey
US2431372A (en) * 1945-11-19 1947-11-25 Cook James Apparatus for controlling the movement of fabric through processing chambers
US2724254A (en) * 1951-05-16 1955-11-22 Zanger Arnold Apparatus for dyeing continuous lengths of fabric
US2899264A (en) * 1959-08-11 Printing of fabrics
US3046771A (en) * 1958-08-04 1962-07-31 Grace W R & Co Textile processing apparatus
US3357111A (en) * 1964-05-20 1967-12-12 Fleissner Gmbh Material guarding and guiding means for sieve drums
US3440736A (en) * 1966-05-02 1969-04-29 Vepa Ag Apparatus for the treatment of lengths of materials
US3445947A (en) * 1965-01-28 1969-05-27 Fur Patentdienst Anstalt Process and device for drying and ironing tows and other strands of material or sliver-type material
US3503229A (en) * 1965-11-22 1970-03-31 Vepa Ag Apparatus for rewashing raw wool
US3563065A (en) * 1966-09-24 1971-02-16 Vepa Ag Apparatus for the wet-treatment of liquid-permeable materials
US3595035A (en) * 1967-11-11 1971-07-27 Leemetals Ltd Method and apparatus for the treatment of sheet material

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB734488A (en) * 1951-03-11 1955-08-03 Emile Bernard Bates Improvements in and relating to the setting of thermo-plastic fabrics and the like
FR1113926A (fr) * 1954-11-02 1956-04-05 Appareil à traiter les tissus par la vapeur

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1315698A (en) * 1919-09-09 Greenwood bailey
US2899264A (en) * 1959-08-11 Printing of fabrics
US2431372A (en) * 1945-11-19 1947-11-25 Cook James Apparatus for controlling the movement of fabric through processing chambers
US2724254A (en) * 1951-05-16 1955-11-22 Zanger Arnold Apparatus for dyeing continuous lengths of fabric
US3046771A (en) * 1958-08-04 1962-07-31 Grace W R & Co Textile processing apparatus
US3357111A (en) * 1964-05-20 1967-12-12 Fleissner Gmbh Material guarding and guiding means for sieve drums
US3445947A (en) * 1965-01-28 1969-05-27 Fur Patentdienst Anstalt Process and device for drying and ironing tows and other strands of material or sliver-type material
US3503229A (en) * 1965-11-22 1970-03-31 Vepa Ag Apparatus for rewashing raw wool
US3440736A (en) * 1966-05-02 1969-04-29 Vepa Ag Apparatus for the treatment of lengths of materials
US3563065A (en) * 1966-09-24 1971-02-16 Vepa Ag Apparatus for the wet-treatment of liquid-permeable materials
US3595035A (en) * 1967-11-11 1971-07-27 Leemetals Ltd Method and apparatus for the treatment of sheet material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4057864A (en) * 1974-07-09 1977-11-15 Tootal Limited Wet transfer printing process and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4856988A (xx) 1973-08-10
PL79456B1 (xx) 1975-06-30
IN137885B (xx) 1975-10-04
NL7212813A (xx) 1973-03-26
IT967740B (it) 1974-03-11
FR2154244A5 (xx) 1973-05-04
JPS5514191B2 (xx) 1980-04-14
DE2246710A1 (de) 1973-03-29
GB1409531A (en) 1975-10-08
SU640673A3 (ru) 1978-12-30

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