US3895887A - Gas turbine for use in a closed cycle plant - Google Patents

Abstract

A gas turbine for use in a closed cycle with a nuclear reactor that uses helium as a coolant and as the working fluid in the turbine. The inlet and outlet conduits in the compressor-turbine arrangement are disposed around the outside surface of the rigid housing, thereby reducing the overall dimension of that housing.

Description

United States Patent Finckh et al.

[4 1 July 22, 1975 GAS TURBINE FOR USE IN A CLOSED CYCLE PLANT [75] Inventors: Hermann Finckh, Boxdorf; Martin Trabler, Grossdechsendorf, both of Germany [73] Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation,

, I Pittsburgh, Pa.

{22] Filed: June 12, 1973 21 Appl. No.: 369,331

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data June 16, 1972 Germany 2229510 52 U.S. c1. .Q 417/408 [51] Int. Cl. F04b 17/00 '[58] Field of Search 417/408 [56] References Cited 7 UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,202,341 8/1965 Lafleur 417/408 Fortescue 417/408 Yampolsky 417/408 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 5 Primary Examiner-C. J. Husar Attorney, Agent, or FirmG. H. Telfer ABSTRACT 3 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures IEIII El Germany 417/408 FIG! - sageways for aclosed c'ycle gas turbine. V v

2. Description of the Prior Art Gas turbines are employed in open and closed cycles.

. 2 A rigid generally cylindrical housing 24 is disposed about the compressors, 12 and 14, and the turbine l6.

Gas turbines are beginning to be, used in the closed cycle in conjunction with nuclear reactors. They are *replacing steam turbines that have been used in the cycle with the. nuclear reactor. The steam turbines that have been used in these cycles have required large size machines and apparatus. Regulating valves in hot parts of the machines are necessary. High pressure is common throughout the system requiring heavy containment equipment. Large dimensions of the vessels are also required in order to develop the necessary power from the equipment. One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a turbine that will operate in a 1 closed cycle, as with a nuclear reactor, yet not have the size and weight that the turbines require of the prior art.

A gas turbine for use in a closed cycle, with helium as the cooling medium for a reactor and also as the working fluid for the gas turbine'has been described in the Journal Energie und Technik" th year, part 1, pages l-lO, and also in Sawyers Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook, second edition, Volume II, pages 274-282.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides reduced structural diminsions and weight for closed cycle gas turbines.

Annular conduits are disposed on the outside of the rigid housings enclosing the compressors and turbine. The conduits provide ingress and egress for motive fluid working in the equipment. The system is a closed cycle using helium as a working fluid, which allows relatively low pressures to power the turbine. The generally low pressures and the annular conduit design also remove the requirement for thick wall passageways.

BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE DRAWINGS The invention, along with objects and advantages thereof will be best understood from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a closed cycle gas turbine, and

FIG. 2 is a view taken generally along the lines IIII of FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the drawings in detail, particularly to FIG. 1, there is shown a sectional view of a closed cycle gas turbine 10. The gas turbine 10 includes a first compressor 12, a second compressor 14, and a turbine 16, which turns a generator, not shown, through a suitable coupling arrangement 18. Both compressors, l2 and 14, are shown mounted on a common axis 20 which also extends through the turbine member 16. The axis is supported by a plurality of bearings, 22, only four of which are shown.

The housing 24 is generally coaxial with the axis 20.

The first compressor 12hasan annularly shaped gas inlet conduit 26 disposed just radially outwardly of the rigid housing 24, having gas passageways 27 througha plurality of axially aligned ribs 28. The annular conduit 26 uniformly feeds the gas into the compressor 12 through the passageways 27. The ribs 28 provide a directional orientation to the gas, and they alsomaintain rigidity of the housing 24. The gas passes through a bladed section 30, and then exits out another annularly shaped conduit 32 disposed outwardly ofthe rigid housing 24. Another array of ribs 34 is disposed about the outlet of the compressor 12, similar to the inlet ribs 28. i

The second compressor 14 has an annularly shaped gas inlet conduit 36 disposed outwardly of its housing 24. The conduit 36 is also arranged outwardly of another array of ribs 38 disposed across the inlet area of the second compressor 14. The gas, after entering through the passageways 27 and being directionally aligned by the ribs 38, passes through a bladed section 40 before exiting beyond ribs 42 and out an annular conduit 44.

The annular outlet conduit 44 of the second compressor 14 is coaxially disposed about an inner annularly shaped inlet conduit 46 serving as the gas inlet passageway for the turbine 16. The coaxial arrangement of the output conduit 44 of the second compressor l4 and the inlet conduit 46, is also shown in FIG. 2.

The annular turbine inlet conduit 46 is not made pressure resistant because the pressure inside the walls of the conduit 46 is almost the same as the pressure existing at the outside of the walls of the conduit 46.

The annular inlet conduit 46 is attached to the inlet side of the turbine 16 by an array of bracing members 48 located around the periphery of the inlet section on the turbine 16.

On the turbine 16 side of the arrangement, a hot gas from a nuclear reactor passes through a bladed section 50 of the turbine 16, it expands, and exits out an annularly shaped exit conduit 52. The exit conduit 52 is disposed on the outer side of the housing 24 at the outlet portion of the turbine 16.

The annular conduits 26, 32, 36, 44, and 52, are all open toward the housing 24, and are attached to various circular faces of the latter. By this means, the cross sections in the vicinity of the annular conduits 26, 32, 36, 44 and 52 are torus-shaped. The cross section of the conduits 26, 32, 36, 44 and 52 being such that they will withstand generally high internal pressure. The housing 24 is designed to withstand high stresses in bending and tension. The housing 24 must also be able to withstand the gas pressure when no annular conduits are provided. By contrast with the above mentioned conventional turbines, the cross sections of the housings 24 are only a littlelarger than the blading in the turbine 10.

It should be understood that the foregoing disclosure relates only to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and that other modifications or alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

We claim:

l. A gas motive fluid utilizing machine arrangement portive relationship'between said housing and said including: I j axis for the maintenance of rigidity in said housing,

at least one turbomachine member, said orifices providing means for passage of gasesaid turbomachine member having an axis, ous fluid therethrough. said turbomachine member being enclosed by a gen- 5 2. A gas motive fluid utilizing machine arrangement erally coaxial rigid housing. as recited in claim 1, wherein a generally annular consaid turbomachine member having at least one generduit is providedfor ingress of said motive fluid'from ally annularly shaped conduit disposed generally said turbomachine, and another generally annular conoutside of and adjacent said rigid housing, duit is provided for egress of s'aidmotive fluid from said said generallyannularly shaped conduit being disturbomachine.

posed around at least one end of said turboma- 3. A gas motive fluid utilizing machine arrangement chine, said conduit providing ingressor egress for as recited in claim 1, including: said motive fluid, v an annular conduit for ingress of motive fluidinto a plurality of orifices in registration between said said turbine member being generallyv coaxial with conduit and said rigid housing, said orifices being an annular conduit for egress of motive fluid from generally deformed by a plurality of axially aligned said compressor member, both of saidannular conribs disposed generally radially inwardly of said duits being disposed outwardly of said rigid housconduit, said ribs providing directional guidance ing. t I

for said motive fluid, said ribs also being in a supv

Claims (3)

1. A gas motive fluid utilizing machine arrangement including: at least one turbomachine member, said turbomachine member having an axis, said turbomachine member being enclosed by a generally coaxial rigid housing. said turbomachine member having at least one generally annularly shaped conduit disposed generally outside of and adjacent said rigid housing, said generally annularly shaped conduit being disposed around at least one end of said turbomachine, said conduit providing ingress or egress for said motive fluid, a plurality of orifices in registration between said conduit and said rigid housing, said orifices being generally deformed by a plurality of axially aligned ribs disposed generally radially inwardly of said conduit, said ribs providing directional guidance for said motive fluid, said ribs also being in a supportivE relationship between said housing and said axis for the maintenance of rigidity in said housing, said orifices providing means for passage of gaseous fluid therethrough.

2. A gas motive fluid utilizing machine arrangement as recited in claim 1, wherein a generally annular conduit is provided for ingress of said motive fluid from said turbomachine, and another generally annular conduit is provided for egress of said motive fluid from said turbomachine.

3. A gas motive fluid utilizing machine arrangement as recited in claim 1, including: an annular conduit for ingress of motive fluid into said turbine member being generally coaxial with an annular conduit for egress of motive fluid from said compressor member, both of said annular conduits being disposed outwardly of said rigid housing.

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