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US3882782A - Mechanically operated fuse for gyratory missiles - Google Patents

Mechanically operated fuse for gyratory missiles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3882782A
US3882782A US292293A US29229372A US3882782A US 3882782 A US3882782 A US 3882782A US 292293 A US292293 A US 292293A US 29229372 A US29229372 A US 29229372A US 3882782 A US3882782 A US 3882782A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
carrier
primer
fuse
movable member
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US292293A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Simmen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mefina SA
Original Assignee
Mefina SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mefina SA filed Critical Mefina SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3882782A publication Critical patent/US3882782A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F42C15/26—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/18—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition when the spin rate falls below a predetermined limit, e.g. a spring force being stronger than the locking action of a centrifugally-operated lock

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A fuse provided with safety means operative before [30] Forelgn Apphfatlon Pnonty Data firing and during the beginning of the flight of the mis- OCI. ii, 197] Switzerland [4791/71 i Said fuse including an escapement controlling a toothed sector which is adapted after a lapse of time U-S. defined the escapement to shift a primer carrier 1]!- CL i an intermediate position for centrifugal [58] held of Search 102/71 80 force urges said carrier into its operative position corresponding to alignment of the actual primer between [56] References cue! the striker and the detonator.
  • the present invention has for its object a fuse adapted to equip missiles assuming, after the shot has been fired, a gyratory movement around their axis.
  • It relates more particularly, inter alia, to a fuse for small gauge missiles.
  • such a fuse should not only incorporate means providing explosion upon impact on the target and self-destroying means destroying the missile if it misses the target, but should also be provided with means ensuring safety during storage, that is safety for the detonator and above all with means extending over a sufficient time of flight, so as to render the fuse inoperative even if after the firing of the shot, the missile impinges against an object at say 50 or 100 m beyond the muzzle of the gun.
  • This safety feature during the path of travel of the missile is of particular interest in the case of fuses on missiles fired from an aircraft.
  • Fuses are known which include means, ensuring safety during flight, comprising a metal strip wound around the striker and locking it in its inoperative position corresponding to its storing position before firing.
  • the strip unwinds under the action of the rotary movement assumed by the missile and releases the striker after a short lapse of time.
  • the safety during flight thus obtained is satisfactory only when the fuse impinges on a target of a low density. If such a fuse impinges, immediately after it has left the gun muzzle, against a solid object, the front of the fuse is crushed thereby and the striker may, in spite of the presence of the metal strip, hit the primer and ignite it.
  • the unwinding of the metal strip provides the fuse with a safety during flight which is clearly less than that which may be expected from a modern fuse.
  • fuses include, in addition to the metal strip referred to, a rotary member enclosing a detonat ing primer. Such an arrangement provides the fuse with safety means during storing periods, since said rotary member is, before the firing of the missile, in a sloping position, such that no transmission of the ignition can be transmitted through the detonating primer to the actual detonator.
  • fuse structures are not provided with a metal strip and with a rotary member, but with a mechanical safety system.
  • the latter includes chiefly a pivoting or sliding member which, when in its storing condition, shifts the primer it carries out of the way of the striker. When the shot has been fired, said pivoting or sliding member pushes gradually the primer into a position underneath the striker at a speed which is slowed down by a clockwork mechanism. Since the room available is very restricted in a small gauge fuse, the manufacturer is practically incapable of ensuring through such means an adequate safety arrangement over a sufficiently long flight while keeping within an allowable cost price for the fuse.
  • the present invention has for its object to remove the above-mentioned drawbacks and to produce a safe and reliable fuse which is also simple to manufacture.
  • the invention has for its object an instantaneously mechanically operating fuse with safety means for the detonator and during the beginning of the flight, said fuse being of the type to be fitted on gyratory missiles and including a body, a striker, a pivoting primercarrier adapted to be shifted from a safety position into a missile-firing position against the action of a return spring, as provided by the centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the missile, and an escapement defining the time required for said shifting of the primercarrier.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fuse made in accordance with the invention and shows the opera tive parts of the fuse in the position occupied by them before the starting of the shot.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-section through line II--II of FIG. 3 of the safety means when in their inoperative condition prior to the starting of the shot.
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-section of said safety means through line IlI-III of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a further transverse cross-section of .said safety means through line IVIV of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-section similar to FIG. 3, showing however the operative parts in the position occupied by them at the moment at which the primer-carrier is shifted towards its operative cocked position by the released movable member controlled by the escapement.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-section similar to FIG. 2, showing the safety means in their cocked position.
  • FIG. 7 is a transverse cross-section through line VI-VI of FIG. 6.
  • the fuse illustrated includes a body 1, the upper section of which is closed by a disc 2.
  • the body 1 encloses a safety and self-destroying system well-known per se and comprising a socket 3, transversely sliding members 4, a spring 5 surrounding the latter, balls or the like weights 7, a carrier for said weights and a fusedestroying spring 8.
  • the striker mechanism is constituted by a striker 9 and by its head 10.
  • the body 1 enclosed furthermore the auxiliary safety mechanism 11 with its detonating primer 12.
  • the lower section of the body 1 is closed by a plug 13 inside which is fitted the detonator 14.
  • the auxiliary safety means 11 are fitted inside the body 1 between the transverse plates 15; 16 and 17 which are interconnected by rivets or studs 18, 19 and 20 (FIG. 3).
  • a pivot member 21 fitted between the plates 16 and 17 carries the revolvable primer-carrier 22 and the revolvable movable sector-shaped member 23 controlled by the escapement and adapted to shift said primer-carrier.
  • the latter is provided with an upwardly directed projection 24 engaging through its upper end an arcuate slot 25 in the movable driving sector-shaped member 23.
  • the actual primer 12 is housed within a bore of the primer-carrier 22 and is subjected to a thrust exerted downwardly on it by the spring 12a (.FIG. 1).
  • the driving sector-shaped member 23 has its centre of gravity at 26 and it is provided with an arcuate toothed periphery 27 coaxial with the pivot 21 meshing with a pinion 28 forming part of the escapement 29.
  • said escapement includes an escape wheel 30 revolving in unison with said pinion 28 and cooperating with the pallet 31 pivotally secured to the tube 32 through which the striker 9 extends.
  • the sector-shaped member 23 is held fast before firing, in the position illustrated in FIG. 3, by a spring 33.
  • the primer-carrier 22, the centre of gravity of which is shown at 34, is held in the position illustrated in FIG.
  • the fuse When the shot has been fired and the missile is beyond the gun muzzle, the fuse is no longer subjected to an axial acceleration and revolves with the missile, so that the sliding members 4 move radially apart and thereby shift upwardly the weight carrier 6, and simultaneously release the striker 9.
  • the weight-carrier 6 then continues its forward movement against the action of the fuse destroying spring 8 because the weights 7 are shifted by centrifugal force along the upwardly flaring frustoconical surface 36 of the socket 3.
  • the primer-carrier 22 the centre of gravity of which is shown at 34, remains locked in its storing position by centrifugal force.
  • the primer-carrier 22 When this outermost position of the sector shaped member 23 is reached, the primer-carrier 22 has been caused to rock so that its centre of gravity 34 has been moved to the opposite side of the straight line connecting its pivotal axis 21 with the rotary axis of the fuse. The primer-carrier 22 then continues its pivotal movement under the action of centrifugal force until the detonating primer 12 registers with the axis of the striker 9 as illustrated in FIG. 7. The primer is then urged by its spring 12a through an opening 36' in the transverse plate 17, whereby the primer-carrier 22 is locked in its cocked position.
  • the fuse is cocked and ready to operate. If it impinges against the target, the tip of the fuse is crushed and the striker 9 is hit by its head 10 so as to enter the detonating primer 12. The latter causes then the detonator 14, and'consequently, the missile to explode.
  • the fuse misses the target, its self-destruction occurs after a predetermined lapse of time.
  • the rotary speed of the missile and consequently the centrifugal force decrease during flight.
  • the weights 7 move downwardly over the frustoconical surface of the socket 3, so that the weight carrier drives the striker 9 into the detonating primer 12.
  • the primer-carrier 22 can enter the position into which it is urged centrifugally only when the sector shaped member 23 has travelled over the path described, a safety condition is obtained over a large fraction of the flight of the missile.
  • This safety condition could in fact be easily extended over a longer period by providing a toothed peripheral sector on the actual primer-carrier 22, which sector would then mesh with the pinion 28 assumed to extend axially by a sufficient length.
  • the escapement would thus serve a dual purpose, that of controlling first the pivotal motion of the sector shaped member 23 and then that of the primercarrier 22.
  • a fuse for a gyratory missile comprising inside of a hollow body a detonator (14), a striker (9) adapted to move axially of the fuse towards said detonator, a primer-carrier (22), a pivot member (21) whose axis is located parallel with the path of movement of a striker and on which said primer-carrier (22) is pivotally mounted, said primer-carrier (22) movable out of an inoperative position and into an operative position under the action of centrifugal force, the center of gravity (34) of said primer-carrier (22) when inoperative, lying on the side of a straight line connecting the axis of rotation of the fuse with the pivot member (21) of the primer-carrier (22), the effect of centrifugal force tending to maintain the primer-carrier (22) in inoperative position, a primer (12) extending through said carrier along a line parallel with said primercarrier axis and assuming an operative position between the striker (9) and the detonator (14) when the primer
  • a fuse as claimed in claim I wherein the movable member is adapted to pivot centrifugally around the pivot member of the primer-carrier in superposed relationship with the latter and held against motion by said spring until centrifugal force starts acting, said movable member being provided with an arcuate slot concentric with its pivotal axis and with a series of teeth extending over a limited arc concentric with said axis, said escapement including an escape wheel and a pinion interconnecting said escape wheel with said teeth to slow down the movement of the movable member and said primer-carrier is rigid with a projection engaging the arcuate slot, whereby the slot in the movable member moves first under the action of centrifugal force over i said projection at a speed controlled by the pinion conber urges the primer-carrier into its operative position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Articles To Conveyors (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Lighters Containing Fuel (AREA)
US292293A 1971-10-11 1972-09-26 Mechanically operated fuse for gyratory missiles Expired - Lifetime US3882782A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1479171A CH534862A (fr) 1971-10-11 1971-10-11 Fusée mécanique instantanée à autodestruction avec sécurité de détonateur et de trajectoire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3882782A true US3882782A (en) 1975-05-13

Family

ID=4403862

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US292293A Expired - Lifetime US3882782A (en) 1971-10-11 1972-09-26 Mechanically operated fuse for gyratory missiles

Country Status (19)

Country Link
US (1) US3882782A (es)
JP (1) JPS4844408A (es)
AR (1) AR196887A1 (es)
AT (1) AT324173B (es)
AU (1) AU462323B2 (es)
BE (1) BE789868A (es)
BR (1) BR7207038D0 (es)
CA (1) CA981526A (es)
CH (1) CH534862A (es)
DE (1) DE2247209C3 (es)
DK (1) DK138711B (es)
ES (1) ES407473A1 (es)
FI (1) FI55260C (es)
FR (1) FR2157337A5 (es)
GB (1) GB1348756A (es)
IT (1) IT975157B (es)
NL (1) NL170981C (es)
NO (1) NO135155C (es)
SE (1) SE396654B (es)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4109583A (en) * 1976-04-09 1978-08-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile fuze
US4159679A (en) * 1976-07-09 1979-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile fuze
US4519316A (en) * 1981-11-25 1985-05-28 Bethmann Karl W Ammunition, preferably for machine cannons, including a projectile equipped with a tracer, with the lethal range of the projectile being limited if the target is missed
US9322627B2 (en) * 2014-03-04 2016-04-26 Agency For Defense Development Munitions safety and arming device for artillery ammunition, and artillery ammunition having the same

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2425050A1 (fr) * 1978-03-06 1979-11-30 Jaz Sa Dispositif retardateur chronometrique pour chaine pyrotechnique
US4419934A (en) * 1980-08-28 1983-12-13 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Safety apparatus for a spinning projectile fuse
DE3242107C2 (de) * 1982-11-13 1985-09-12 Gebrüder Junghans GmbH, 7230 Schramberg Zünder für drallarme und drallfreie Geschosse
FR2583869B1 (fr) * 1985-06-24 1987-10-23 France Etat Armement Dispositif de securite d'armement pour une munition telle qu'une grenade a fusil ou une roquette anti-char.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2718850A (en) * 1951-04-13 1955-09-27 Mefina Sa Clockwork movement for a projectile
US3039392A (en) * 1958-07-25 1962-06-19 Mefina Sa Projectile fuze for a gun with a rifled bore
US3334589A (en) * 1964-02-07 1967-08-08 Mefina Sa Projectile fuze for a gun with a rifled bore
US3347166A (en) * 1965-04-02 1967-10-17 Mefina Sa Fuse for a missile to be fired by a gun with rifled bore
US3583319A (en) * 1969-03-20 1971-06-08 Hamilton Watch Co Delay arming mechanism

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448228A (en) * 1945-05-24 1948-08-31 Borg George W Corp Delay booster arming mechanism
CH464015A (fr) * 1967-10-05 1968-10-15 Mefina Sa Fusée pour projectile girant

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2718850A (en) * 1951-04-13 1955-09-27 Mefina Sa Clockwork movement for a projectile
US3039392A (en) * 1958-07-25 1962-06-19 Mefina Sa Projectile fuze for a gun with a rifled bore
US3334589A (en) * 1964-02-07 1967-08-08 Mefina Sa Projectile fuze for a gun with a rifled bore
US3347166A (en) * 1965-04-02 1967-10-17 Mefina Sa Fuse for a missile to be fired by a gun with rifled bore
US3583319A (en) * 1969-03-20 1971-06-08 Hamilton Watch Co Delay arming mechanism

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4109583A (en) * 1976-04-09 1978-08-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile fuze
US4159679A (en) * 1976-07-09 1979-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile fuze
US4519316A (en) * 1981-11-25 1985-05-28 Bethmann Karl W Ammunition, preferably for machine cannons, including a projectile equipped with a tracer, with the lethal range of the projectile being limited if the target is missed
US9322627B2 (en) * 2014-03-04 2016-04-26 Agency For Defense Development Munitions safety and arming device for artillery ammunition, and artillery ammunition having the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4844408A (es) 1973-06-26
NO135155B (es) 1976-11-08
AR196887A1 (es) 1974-02-28
NO135155C (es) 1977-02-16
BR7207038D0 (pt) 1974-01-08
CH534862A (fr) 1973-03-15
NL170981C (nl) 1983-01-17
ES407473A1 (es) 1975-11-01
FI55260C (fi) 1979-06-11
AU462323B2 (en) 1975-06-19
NL170981B (nl) 1982-08-16
DK138711B (da) 1978-10-16
SE396654B (sv) 1977-09-26
IT975157B (it) 1974-07-20
FR2157337A5 (es) 1973-06-01
FI55260B (fi) 1979-02-28
NL7212988A (es) 1973-04-13
CA981526A (en) 1976-01-13
AT324173B (de) 1975-08-25
DE2247209B2 (es) 1980-02-21
DE2247209C3 (de) 1984-06-07
AU4742372A (en) 1974-04-11
BE789868A (fr) 1973-02-01
GB1348756A (en) 1974-03-20
DK138711C (es) 1979-03-26
DE2247209A1 (de) 1973-04-19

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