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US3860685A - Method and apparatus for spinning multicomponent fibers - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for spinning multicomponent fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3860685A
US3860685A US767900A US76790068A US3860685A US 3860685 A US3860685 A US 3860685A US 767900 A US767900 A US 767900A US 76790068 A US76790068 A US 76790068A US 3860685 A US3860685 A US 3860685A
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United States
Prior art keywords
solutions
spinning
slit
narrow
channel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US767900A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kazumi Nakagawa
Keijiro Kuratani
Shinsaku Minami
Zoda Keiichi
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Japan Exlan Co Ltd
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Japan Exlan Co Ltd
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Priority to US767900A priority Critical patent/US3860685A/en
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Publication of US3860685A publication Critical patent/US3860685A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • 264/D1G. 26 3,414,644 12/1968 Myles et a1. 264/168 3,416,982 12/1968 Petzetakos 264/171 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,365,873 5/1964 France i 264/D1G. 26
  • ABSTRACT A method and apparatus for spinning multicomponent fibers from at least two different fiber forming spinning solutions.
  • the solutions are extruded concurrently through a common orifice, being fed thereto through two narrow channels and into a common narrow channel.
  • the thus formed composite stream is flowed through a continuous slit-like narrow channel which is separate from adjacent channels for other composite streams.
  • the channel is sufficiently long so that the stream remains therein for at least 0.1 seconds. Thereafter the composite stream is extruded through a spinnerette to form composite filaments which do not delaminate.
  • This invention relates to improvements in the production of multi-component, composite or conjugated fibers. More particularly, this invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing multi-component fibers wherein two or more different components are laminated or conjugated longitudinally of the fibers with an interface of junction area therebetween wherein these different components are sufficiently intermingled with or diffused into each other.
  • this object is accomplished, according to this invention, by providing an intermediate orjunction area between the different components, the components being sufficiently intermingled with or diffused into each other in said intermediate or junction area. It is difficult to determine the exact area of such an intermediate or junction portion, but it has been found only a very small area, such as percent or less ofthe total cross sectional area of the fiber, is sufficient to substantially prevent the delamination of the components.
  • the necessary intermediate or junction area can be formed by interfacially contacting a spinning solution for one fiber component with another spinning solution for another fiber component in longitudinal laminations and maintaining the contact for a sufficient period of time before the solutions are concurrently extruded through spinning orifices for coagulation or solidification so that there occurs the desired intermingling or mutual diffusion in the interfacial (intermediate) or junction area.
  • the temperature it is preferable to maintain the temperature as high as possible. For example, when the spinning solution is an aqueous solution, it is maintained at a temperature of 7090C.
  • the period of time for keeping the interfacial contact of the spinning solutions required for producing the desired intermediate or junction area varies, depending upon the particular temperature of the system, polymer concentration and viscosity of the spinning solutions used. However, it has been found that the period of time of contact should be longer than 0.1 second, more preferably longer than 0.2 second.
  • the length of the spinnerette orifice can be altered.
  • a sufficiently long orifice causes an unduly high back pressure.
  • the volumes of the solutions being extruded are increased, the period of contact is reduced, and, consequently, the components are liable to be peeled off.
  • the back pressure against the nozzle can be controlled to some extent by employing a specially designed spinerette orifice. Stated differently, only the discharge end of the orifice can be made the conventional size, and the diameter of the remaining portion of the orifice increased. For this purpose, however, there must be provided an additional variety of spinnerette orifices.
  • a spinning apparatus which comprises means for separately supplying a plurality of different spinning solutions, narrow channels for receiving each of said solutions, said narrow channels merging into a common narrow channel communicating with another slit-like narrow channel, said slit-like narrow channel receiving said solutions and communicating with orifices and being of such a length, in respect of the flow of said solutions, that the solutions are kept in contact for a sufficient time to form an intermediate area in the boundary layer of said solutions, wherein the solutions are sufficiently intermingled or mutually diffused, prior to being extruded through said orifices.
  • the width of the common narrow channel is from 5-10 times the diameter of the orifices.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view, partly broken away, of an embodiment of a device according to this invention, with various elements being disassembled;
  • FIG. 2a is an enlarged cross section, schematically represented, of the fiber showing delamination thereof;
  • FIG. 2b is a view similar to FIG. 2a, but showing another state of delamination.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 20, but showing the fiber of this invention having an intermediate or junction area.
  • a spinning device for producing bi-component fibers which comprises a plurality of partition walls 1 defining narrow longitudinal channels 2 within a cylindrical sleeve 3.
  • the lower end portion of each partition wall is tapered to a V-shaped edge as shown.
  • the inlet section of the cylindrical sleeve 3 is provided with a baffle 4 which serves to divide the inlet section into two chambers 5 and 6.
  • One spinning solution is supplied to the chamber 5 while the other is supplied to the chamber 6.
  • the arrangement is such that the channels 2 are supplied alternately with these two different spinning solutions.
  • a guide plate 7 which has a corresponding number of Y-shaped channels 8.
  • each V-shaped edge of the partition wall 1 extends into the upper V-shaped groove of the corresponding channel 8 on the plate 7 defining a V-shaped channel merging into a straight channel portion 9 of the Y-shaped channel 8.
  • the narrow straight channel 9 communicates with corresponding slit-like narrow channel 14 of guide disc 13.
  • Said slit-like narrow channel 14 communicates with the corresponding orifices 10 of spinnerette 11, which is held in a cap assembly 12.
  • the important feature of this invention resides in modifying, in relation to the flow rate of spinning solution, the said straight channel portion 9 so that the spinning solutions remain therein long enough to allow sufficient intermingling or mutual diffusion of the different solutions during the passage therethrough prior to extrusion through the orifices 10.
  • an intermediate guide disc 13 having a plurality of slit-like narrow channels 14 corresponding to and communicating at the upper end with the corresponding straight channels 9 and at the lower end with the corresponding orifices I0 is arranged to obtain a desired length of the channels 9 and 14 necessary for producing the required intermingling or mutual diffusion of the solutions.
  • the intermediate guide disc 13 may be made of a plastic or rubber material resistant to heat and chemicals.
  • a further important feature of the present invention is in properly dimensioning the common narrow channel so as to overcome various disadvantages of an incorrect back pressure in the intermingling or mutual diffusion area of the different spinning solutions, which proper dimensioning prevents the peel-off on delamination of fiber forming materials while retaining at least 0.1 second of contact time of said solutions to form an interfacial or junction area therebetween ahead of the spinnerette orifices.
  • This further important feature comprises making the dimensions of the passages for the spinning solutions and the orifices in the relation wherein d is the minimum diameter of the spinnerette orifices and D is the width of the common narrow channel communicating with said orifices, and adjusting the thickness of the guide plate and/or guide disc to give the required contact time for the volumes of the spinning solutions flowing therethrough.
  • the present invention if the slit width is less than the abovementioned range, the back pressure of the spinning solution will be increased greatly and it will make it impossible to continue the spinning process.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Two spinning solutions were prepared, respectively, from a copolymer A (intrinsic viscosity: 1.5 in DMF) consisting of parts of acrylonitrile and 10 parts of methyl acrylate and a copolymer B (intrinsic viscosity: 1.5 in DMF) consisting of 87 parts of acrylonitrilc, l3 parts of methyl acrylate and 0.5 parts of sodium allylsulfonate by dissolving each polymer in a 45 percent aqueous solution of sodium thiocyanate to obtain a solution of 10 percent by weight.
  • the spinning solutions prepared as above were then fed at a predetermined rate to the equipment shown in FIG.
  • the plate '7 used in this example had four channels, each straight channel 9 measuring 1 mm. in width and 1.3 mm. in depth.
  • the spinning solutions after being merged were retained in the straight channel for a varying period (see Table l), and extruded through a spinnerette having a varying number of orifices so as to ob tain filaments of the same denier number. While the orifiees had a varying diameter from 1 mm. to 0.09 mm., the retention time of the solutions within the orifices was negligible.
  • the coagulated filaments were taken up at a rate of 50 meters per minute, and then washed with water thoroughly to remove the solvent.
  • the washed filaments were stretched 10 times their initial length in hot water and dried over drying rollers, whereby 3-denier filaments were obtained.
  • the dry filaments prepared above were dyed with 4 percent (relative to fiber) of Aizen Cathilon Black (a cationic dyestuff by Hodogaya Chemical Co.,
  • the dyed filaments were treated with saturated water vapor at C. for 20 minutes so as to allow the dye to diffuse sufficiently into the fiber structure, and the crosssection of each filament was studied under a microscope.
  • FIGs. 2a and 2b each shows the cross-section of the filament obtained by feeding the spinning dope at a rate of 75 c.c. per minute. It will be apparent that the two components are separated into two distinct sections, one of a lighter shade and the other of a darker shade, evidently showing delamination at the interface.
  • the period of contact of the two spinning solutions before extrusion through orifice should be longer than 0.1 second and more preferably longer than 0.2 second.
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the exception that an intermediate guide plate 13 was made of Teflon sheet.
  • the spinning solutions were extruded at a rate of 75 c.c. per minute.
  • the thickness of the Teflon sheet was 6 mm. and the width of each channel was 1 mm.
  • the intermediate guide plate 13 served to prevent leakage of the spinning dope between the spinnerette 11 and plate 7 and provided an additional retention time of 0.38 second for the contacted spinning solutions.
  • the resulting filament was dyed in the same manner as Example 1, and the dyed filament microscopically studied. The cross-section of this filament is shown in FIG. 3, which indicates that the two components are firmly joined through an intermediate area where the two components are sufficiently intermingled.
  • An apparatus for spinning multi-component fibers from at least two different fiber-forming spinning solutions which comprises means for separately supplying a plurality of different spinning solutions, two narrow channels connected to the means for supplying the spinning solutions and respectively receiving the respective solutions, a common narrow channel into which said two narrow channels merge.
  • An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which said apparatus has a replaceable member in which said slitlike narrow channels are present whereby the member can be replaced with a like member of different size to change the length of the slit-like narrow channels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US767900A 1964-06-15 1968-09-17 Method and apparatus for spinning multicomponent fibers Expired - Lifetime US3860685A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US767900A US3860685A (en) 1964-06-15 1968-09-17 Method and apparatus for spinning multicomponent fibers

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3382364 1964-06-15
US46314465A 1965-06-11 1965-06-11
US767900A US3860685A (en) 1964-06-15 1968-09-17 Method and apparatus for spinning multicomponent fibers

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US3860685A true US3860685A (en) 1975-01-14

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US (1) US3860685A (fr)
FR (1) FR1440288A (fr)
GB (1) GB1107117A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4568506A (en) * 1980-07-29 1986-02-04 Teijin Limited Process for producing an assembly of many fibers
US10106915B2 (en) * 2013-12-18 2018-10-23 Anf Inc. Electro-spinning type pattern forming apparatus

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1975153A (en) * 1931-06-15 1934-10-02 Du Pont Rayon Co Method of producing multicolored threads
US3038236A (en) * 1954-02-26 1962-06-12 Du Pont Crimped textile products
US3195865A (en) * 1960-09-09 1965-07-20 Dow Chemical Co Interfacial surface generator
US3223761A (en) * 1962-04-30 1965-12-14 Union Carbide Corp Melt extrusion of multi-wall plastic tubing
US3239197A (en) * 1960-05-31 1966-03-08 Dow Chemical Co Interfacial surface generator
US3318987A (en) * 1963-09-09 1967-05-09 Monsanto Co Method of multi-component spinning
US3341891A (en) * 1962-08-06 1967-09-19 Toyo Rayon Co Ltd Production of a composite filament and a spinneret assembly
US3414644A (en) * 1965-01-04 1968-12-03 Celanese Corp Method for spinning bicomponent cellulose esters
US3416982A (en) * 1961-09-05 1968-12-17 Petzetakis Aristovoulos George Method of forming a reinforced seamless tubular element

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1975153A (en) * 1931-06-15 1934-10-02 Du Pont Rayon Co Method of producing multicolored threads
US3038236A (en) * 1954-02-26 1962-06-12 Du Pont Crimped textile products
US3239197A (en) * 1960-05-31 1966-03-08 Dow Chemical Co Interfacial surface generator
US3195865A (en) * 1960-09-09 1965-07-20 Dow Chemical Co Interfacial surface generator
US3416982A (en) * 1961-09-05 1968-12-17 Petzetakis Aristovoulos George Method of forming a reinforced seamless tubular element
US3223761A (en) * 1962-04-30 1965-12-14 Union Carbide Corp Melt extrusion of multi-wall plastic tubing
US3341891A (en) * 1962-08-06 1967-09-19 Toyo Rayon Co Ltd Production of a composite filament and a spinneret assembly
US3318987A (en) * 1963-09-09 1967-05-09 Monsanto Co Method of multi-component spinning
US3414644A (en) * 1965-01-04 1968-12-03 Celanese Corp Method for spinning bicomponent cellulose esters

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4568506A (en) * 1980-07-29 1986-02-04 Teijin Limited Process for producing an assembly of many fibers
US10106915B2 (en) * 2013-12-18 2018-10-23 Anf Inc. Electro-spinning type pattern forming apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1440288A (fr) 1966-05-27
GB1107117A (en) 1968-03-20

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