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US3845809A - Means for the continuous casting of steel - Google Patents

Means for the continuous casting of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3845809A
US3845809A US00191107A US19110771A US3845809A US 3845809 A US3845809 A US 3845809A US 00191107 A US00191107 A US 00191107A US 19110771 A US19110771 A US 19110771A US 3845809 A US3845809 A US 3845809A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steel
pool
partition wall
intermediate pool
ladle
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00191107A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Pomey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Est Aciers Fins
SOC DES ACIERS FINS de l EST FR
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Est Aciers Fins
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR38400A external-priority patent/FR1464005A/fr
Priority claimed from FR146863A external-priority patent/FR95151E/fr
Application filed by Est Aciers Fins filed Critical Est Aciers Fins
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3845809A publication Critical patent/US3845809A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/116—Refining the metal
    • B22D11/118—Refining the metal by circulating the metal under, over or around weirs

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method and apparatus for continuous steel casting in which a tubular copper ingot mould is fed with molten steel through an intermediate, so-called tundish pool filled in turn by means of a steelwork ladle. The molten steel, during its passage from the intermediate pool to the ingot mould, is isolated from the surrounding atmosphere by means of a dipper pipe made of sintered vitreous silica.
  • the lubrication between the copper walls of said ingot mould and the steel undergoing a solidification therein is provided by a synthetic slag excluding any organic oil, the slag, which covers the steel surface in the ingot mould being selected from the group of substances having such viscosity and wetting capacity with respect to copper and steel that they can on the one hand penetrate by capillarity action between the copper of the ingot mould and the steel being solidified therein, and on the other hand be carried along in the form of an extremely thin layer between said copper and steel.
  • An additive selected from the group comprising tellurium, selenium, a mixture of these two elements and a chemical combination of one of these two elements is added either into the steelwork ladle, during the filling thereof from a steelwork furnace and before the steel therein. is poured into the intermediate pool, or into the interme-. diate pool, the addition taking place progressively and continuously throughout the casting operation.
  • PATENTEDHBV saw 1845809 mm 101' 4 INVEA/T R imam Pansy PATENTEDNHV 5 m4 $845309 sum 20f a v INVENTOQ 'HCQUEJ FUN/5y DTTDRIVE y s MEANS FOR THE CONTINUOUS CASTING OF STEEL ultimate service are not obtained in a reliable and uniform manner.
  • the US. Pat. No. 3,465,81 l to De Castelet relates to the continuous casting performed in a plant comprising at least one tubular copper ingot mould to which molten steel is fed through a tundish or intermediate pool filled in turn by using a conventional steelwork ladle and comprising a chamber formed in its lower portion with a sealable nozzle of the type used in ingot mould casting; the steel is isolated from the surrounding atmosphere by a dipper duct of sintered vitrous silica during its passage from the tundish to the'ingot mould, the lu-
  • any undesired seizure or adherence between brication between the copper walls of the ingot mould and the steel undergoing solidification therein being effected for example by using synthetic slag and excluding organic oil.
  • This slag which covers the steel in the ingot mould, is selected among those having such viscosity and wetting propertywith respect to copper and steel that they can penetrate by capillarity action between the copper lining the ingot mould and the steel during the solidification thereof, so as to be carried along between said copper and steel media.
  • the existence of a reducing atmosphere in the tundish, the protection of the metal surface in the plant'by means of a fine layer of synthetic slag and the coating of the slag layers with a pulverulent refractory material having heat insulating properties, such'as graphite, are factors giving particularly satisfactory results.
  • the ladle can be discharged into the tundish ,or intermediate pool through a substantially vertical duct of sintered vitrous silica constituting an extension of the refractory nozzle provided in the bottom of the ladle,
  • the flow control means comprise a handling apparatus so designed that it can cause the ladle to tilt about a horizontal axis passing substantially through the outlet orifice of which the inlet lies in the vicinity of the bottom of said ladle and as'near as possible to said axis.
  • Duct means or pipes of sintered vitrous silica are prepared according to the known methods. They can be manufactured by preparing vitrous silica, then grinding this silica into a fine powder and putting same in suspension in pure water with a preferably organic emulsifier to produce a slip subsequently poured into a porous plaster mould in which the powder is deposited regularly to constitute a consistent layer or skin lining the walls, then discharging the excess slip therefrom, stripping by opening the plaster mould, drying and sintering the assembly according to the method well known to ceramists, i.e. by compressing this mass under a relatively high pressure at a temperature ranging from l,lO to l,200C and below the melting or devitrification temperature.
  • the present invention permits the continuous casting of steels containing from 0.02 to 0.10 percent of tellurium.
  • tellurium steels obtained according to the method of this invention from bar cast under continuous casting conditions and subsequently rolled have properties definitely better than those of bars having the same cross-section but obtained from tellurium steels cast into conventional ingot moulds and subsequently rolled.
  • the machinability ofthe tellurium steels according to this invention is improved considerably, as well as the mechanical properties of the parts obtained therefrom, under actual service conditions. This result is due to a substantial improvement in the homogeneity of the tellurium distribution and also to the possibility of fixing this tellurium concentration at a considerably more accurate value. It will be noted that the aforesaid improvedhomogeneity is observed not only in the distribution from the core to the outer periphery, but also in the distribution throughout the length of the bar,
  • This invention is also concerned with a tundish or intermediate pool arrangement permitting of introducing into the metal, in a particularly advantageous and economical manner, the addition selected from the group comprising tellurium, selenium, a mixture of these two elements and a chemical combination of one of these elements.
  • This arrangement is therefore applicable to equipments and plants of the type described and illustrated in the above said Pat. No. 3,465,81 l i.e., more particularly to an intermediate pool or tundish comprising a vault for isolating the steel contained in said pool from the surrounding atmosphere, said intermediate pool being adapted to be supplied with an inert, neutral or reducing gas through a duct creating an adequate atmosphere within said pool.
  • This intermediate pool comprises at least one passage for introducing the additive-forming substance, said passage opening into said pool in the vicinity of the point where the casting jet issuing from the steelwork ladle is incorporated into the molten steel contained in the pool.
  • An intermediate pool or bath meeting the above requirements is furthermore advantageous in that it not only permits introducing the above-mentioned addition into the molten metal but also to use aluminum as a deoxidizer, or to incorporate in a particularly homogeneous manner very dense additives such as lead, lead sulphide and iron sulphide, etc... into the molten metal.
  • the complementary calming action and also the regularization of the steel grain can be obtained by adding aluminium or an aluminium alloy containing about 0.05 to 0.10 percent of magnesium.
  • a dipper pipe of sintered vitrous silica extending through the wall or the vault of the pool structure opens beneath the steel surface contemplated in the vicinity of the casting jet introduced into the pool.
  • a feed device is provided for driving a lightalloy tape or wire through said dipper pipe at a rate sufficient to cause this tape or wire to be still in the solid state when it penetrates into the mass of liquid steel in the pool.
  • this intermediate pool is covered by a slag layer of adequate composition; this slag may consist of eutectic slag of the SiO CaO, A1 0 type, containing for example fluxing or reducing agents. It is protected against premature cooling by the vault overlying the pool.
  • a reducing gas such as propane may be resorted to while preventing the hydrogen from being captured by the steel due to the presence of the interposed slag layer.
  • the pool advantageously comprises a lateral extension formed at its upper portion with an aperture for receiving the jet of molten steel from the steelwork ladle; this lateral extension further comprises the passage for introducing the additive; however, said steel jet aperature communithus retained and prevented from moving toward said- I lateral extension.
  • the scoria and the reaction inclusions can rise and be collected by the slag covering the steel mass in the pool.
  • the pool may be provided with at least one intermediate partition wall of refractory material, interposed on the bottom of the pool, upstream of said nozzle, throughout the length of the steel passage, the upper edge of. said partition wall being lower than the minimum level contemplated for the steel bath.
  • a dipper pipe of sintered vitrous silica can be used between the steelwork ladle and the lateral extension of the intermediate pool, the use of this lateral extension being preferred for it prevents the oxidation of the steel jet without interfering with the introduction of lead shot about the pipe inserted into, said lateral extension.
  • the additive introduction passage and the opening for receiving the steel jet from the steelwork ladle are merged into a single structure.
  • lead steel produced by a plant equipped according to the teachings of this invention has a lead distribution uniformity that cannot be obtained with the conventional ingot molding steel casting process.
  • a remarkable constancy in the good 'machinability of the steel is observed and very high cutting speeds together with a long useful life of the cutting tools can be expected with certainty and.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a plant for carrying into effect the process according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates diagrammatically and in sectional view a modified form of embodiment of a plant according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in vertical section a plant for introducing aluminium into the steel bath of the intermediate pool
  • FIG. 4 is a modified form of embodiment of the structure shown in FIG. 3, wherein the pool is provided with a lateral extension;
  • FIG. Si is a sectional view showing a plant for introducing additions in the form of very dense substances, the intermediate pool being equipped with a partition wall;
  • FIG. 6 is another modified form of embodiment wherein the intermediate pool structure provided with a lateral extension and a partition wall is designed for facilitating the removal of slag and impurities, and
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 are different sectional views of a four casting lines plant wherein the pool is equipped .with two parallel longitudinal partition walls.
  • FIG. 1 shows only the essential elements of a plant for carrying into effect the process according to the invention. Therefore, the handling apparatus or means for positioning these elements, the supports therefor, the oxy-acetylenic ingot cutting follower devices, the members and devices constituting the process line from the setting ingots to the final discharge of the steel cut sections, and most of the control, supervision and regulation apparatus, inter alia, are not shown in this figure.
  • This nozzle 103 has an'extension in the form of a refractory pipe 26 made of poreous sintered vitrous silica and extending through an orifice 6 formed in the vault 3 of an intermediate vessel 2 underlying the ladle l.
  • the length of the refractory pipe 26 is such that its lower end extends through the slag layer 18 covering the liquid steel 7 and its outlet orifice 110 is immersed in the liquid metal.
  • the intermediate vessel 2 comprises a number of outlet nozzles corresponding to the number of ingot moulds to be fed from this vessel. 1n the case illustrated, the vessel 2 comprises only one discharge nozzle 111 adapted to be closed by a member such as a stopper-rod or plug 122 having control means 123, also of the manual, servo-assisted manual, or automatic control type.
  • a pipe 8 leads into the cover or vault 3 to permit th introduction, into the space left between the slag l8 and the cover or vault 3, of a non-oxidising and preferably reducing gas such as, inter alia, propane, coke-oven gas, etc...
  • a non-oxidising and preferably reducing gas such as, inter alia, propane, coke-oven gas, etc...
  • the pipe 111 of vessel 2 has a depending tubular refractory extension 14 made of poreous sintered vitreous silica of which the lower end projects to a certain extent into a vertical tubular ingot mould of conventional type, for example having a copper double-wall with cooling water circulation means.
  • the pipe 14 has a length sufficient to cause its outlet orifice 115, in the operative position, to be immersed in the liquid steel 116 covered by a slag 16, the steel level being maintained at a substantially constant value by exerting on the ingot position a gravityresponsive action transmitted through driving cylinders or rollers 118.
  • water sprinkling sprays are disposed in the known manner at the outlet end of the ingot mould 15, the water spray serving the purpose of accelerating the cooling of the ingot 17 during its solidification.
  • FIG. 2 With this invention it is also possible to use a steelwork rocking ladle, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • a pipe 127 of ladle 128 is bent, its inlet orifice 129 being located near the ladle bottom and its outlet end extending in such a manner through a slot 130 formed in the cover 131 of vessel 2 that its outlet orifice 132 is completelyimmersed in the liquid steel bath therein.
  • the ladle is carried by a handling apparatus 133 so disposed that it can tip the ladle about its horizontal axis 134 located substantially in the plane of the outlet orifice 132.
  • the inlet orifice 129 must be positioned as close as possible to the level of this axis 134 yet near the bottom of the ladle.
  • This ladle further comprises a barrier-forming partition 135 for preventing the slag and the liquid steel from overflowing when the ladle is inclined.
  • this pipe 127 acts somewhat like a teapot spout, the steel flowing into the vessel and, as in the first form of embodiment, the steel contacts only the vitreous silica.
  • the steel teeming from the vessel 2 into the ingot mould 15 according to this invention will not pass through this slag which, therefor, remains perfectly still and prevented from being emulsified or entrained by the steel mass.
  • the latter will advantageously be covered with a refractory heat-insulating powder 138 such as graphite, whereby the slag cooling may be reduced accordingly.
  • liquid steel in vessel 2 and ladle l or 128 is also covered with a protective slag 139, 8 and 141, respectively.
  • a steelwork ladle 1 is provided for supplying molten steel to an intermediate pool or tundish 2 covered by a vault 3.
  • the liquid steel jet 5 flowing out from the nozzle 4 of ladle l penetrates into the pool through an orifice 6 formed in the vault 3.
  • An atmosphere is maintained between the vault 3 and the molten steel level or surface 7 by using a suitable gas fed through a duct 8 extending through said vault 3.
  • a dipper pipe 9 of sintered vitreous silica extends through the lateral wall of the pool structure 2 and opens at a level beneath the surface contemplated for the molten steel, in the vicinity of the zone where the steel jet 5 is incorporated into the liquid steel bath 7.
  • a feed device consisting for example of a pair of rollers 12 rotating in opposite directions pulls an aluminium tape or wire 11 from a feed spool 10 and drives it into the dipper pipe 9.
  • the intermediate pool 2 comprises a number of nozzles corresponding to the number of ingot moulds fed thereby. 1n the examples illustrated in simplified form in FIGS. 3 to 6 inclusive the pool comprises only one nozzle 13 adapted, like the nozzle 4 of ladle 1, to be stopped by a plug (not shown), such as a stopperrod and a plug equipped with manual control and handling means, or equivalent manual power-assisted or fully automatic means.
  • the nozzle 13 has an extension consisting of a refractory pipe 14 of sintered vitreous silica of which the lower end extends to a certain length into a vertical tubular mould 15 of conventional type, for example of the double-walled copper type with cooling water circulation supply means.
  • the length of the pipe 14 is sufficient to cause its outlet orifice, under normal operating conditions, to be immersed in the liquid steel, the latter being covered by a slag layer 16; the steel level is kept substantially constant by controlling the feed of mould 17 obtained either by gravity or by means of suitable driving cylinders or rollers (not shown).
  • the steel contained in the intermediate pool 2 is also covered with a slag layer 18.
  • the pipes 9 and 14 of sintered vitreous silica are prepared according to known methods. They can be prepared by crushing vitreous silica, putting the resulting powder into suspension in pure water with an emulsifier, preferably of organic type, to obtain a slip subsequently poured into a poreous plaster mould in which the powder is deposited regularly to form a consistent crust on the mould walls, subsequently removing the excess slip, stripping the moulded body by opening the plaster mould, drying and sintering the moulded body according to a technique well known to ceramists.
  • an emulsifier preferably of organic type
  • the modified form of embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 differs from the preceding plant by the provision of a lateral extension 19 open at the top and formed on one side of the intemiediate pool 20.
  • This extension is separated from the inner or main chamber 21 of the pool structure by a refractory depending partition wall 22 leaving a free immersed passage 23 beneath its lower edge so that the extension 19 can communicate with the bottom of said main chamber 21.
  • a device 9 to 12 for feeding additive to the molten steel opens into the pool beneath the point where the molten steel is poured in jet form into the liquid mass already filling the pool, but in this case the additive and the steel jet are directed into the lateral extension 19.
  • the intermediate pool 24 illustrated in FIG. 5 comprises a refractory partition wall interposed on the bottom of thepool just downstream of the aforesaid depending partition wall 22 and upstream of the discharge nozzle 13; the upper edge of this lower partition wall 25 is disposed beneath the minimum level of the liquid steel mass 7.
  • the liquid steel flows along the path shown by the arrows and the first refractory partition wall 22 seals the atmosphere formed under the vault 3 from the free surface of steel 7 in the main pool 24 and retains the slag 18 therein by preventing it from communicating with the lateral extension 19; however, the reaction scoria and inclusions can rise and be collected by the slag 18 covering the steel mass in the main pool 24.
  • the additive introduction passage may consist of a dipper pipe 9 (FIG. 7) or the upper aperture 28 receiving the molten steel jet 5 which is formed in said lateral extension 19 (FIG. 5).
  • the intermediate pool 29 illustrated in H6. 6 comprises on the one hand a partition wall 30 of which the upper portion comprises a sharp edge 31 leading through an inclined plane 32 to the bottom 33 of the main pool and, on theother hand, a pouring spout 34 in horizontal alignment with, and communicating with the lower portion of, said extension.
  • the partition wall can be divided into two parallel partition walls 39 and 40 extending throughout the length of the pool and disposed on either side, respectively, of the vertical sectional plane of FIG. 7, in order to ensure a symmetrical feed of the nozzles.
  • the path followed by the molten metal is shown by the arrows.
  • this arrangement ensures a very uniform distribution of the heavy metal in pool structure comprising four vertical casting lines disposed symmetrically at the four corners of a square (see figure 8).
  • Equipment for the continuous casting of steel which comprises a steelwork ladle having a jet of molten steel feeding an intermediate pool of the so-called tundish type covered by a vault, said intermediate pool comprising a main chamber provided in its lower portion with at least one discharge nozzle adapted to be stopped, said nozzle being formed with a first extension including a substantially vertical refractory tubular duct of sintered vitreous silica adapted to feed at least one tubular ingot mould equipped with cooling means, the lower end of said tubular duct being immersed in themetal fillingsaid ingot mould during the casting operation, means to replace air in said main chamber by a suitable atmosphere supplied thereto via a gas pipe opening into said intermediate pool, said intermediate pool having at least one passage for introducing a suitable addition into said main chamber, said passage opening into the vicinity of the zone where the jet of molten steel delivered by the steelwork ladle is incorporated into the molten steel already contained in said pool, said intermediate pool further comprising a second lateral horizontal extension of said main chamber formed at its
  • Equipment for the continuous casting of steel which comprises a steelwork ladle having a jet of molten steel feeding an intermediate pool of the so-called tundish type covered by a vault, said intermediate,
  • pool comprising a main chamber provided in its lower portion with at least one discharge nozzle adapted to be stopped, said nozzle being formed with a first extension including a substantially vertical refractory tubular duct of sintered vitreous silica adapted to feed at least one tubular ingot mould equipped with cooling means, the lower end of said tubular duct being immersed in the metal filling said ingot mould during the casting operation, means to replace air in said main chamber by a suitable atmosphere supplied thereto via a gas pipe opening into said intermediate pool, said intermediate pool having at least one passage for introducing a addition into said main chamber, said passage opening into the vicinity of the zone where the jet of molten steel delivered by the steelwork ladle is incorporated into the molten steel already contained in said intermediate pool, said intermediate pool further comprising at least one refractory partition wall extending through said main chamber and interposed in the botton of said pool downstream of the steel jet arrival and upstream of said nozzle, the upper edge of said partition wall being disposed beneath the minimum level contemplated for the mol

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US00191107A 1965-11-15 1971-10-20 Means for the continuous casting of steel Expired - Lifetime US3845809A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR38400A FR1464005A (fr) 1965-11-15 1965-11-15 Installation pour la coulée continue de l'acier
FR146863A FR95151E (fr) 1965-11-15 1968-04-03 Installation pour la coulée continue de l'acier.
FR156841A FR95190E (fr) 1965-11-15 1968-06-27 Installation pour la coulée continue de l'acier.

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US3845809A true US3845809A (en) 1974-11-05

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US00191107A Expired - Lifetime US3845809A (en) 1965-11-15 1971-10-20 Means for the continuous casting of steel

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US (1) US3845809A (de)
AT (1) AT301069B (de)
DE (1) DE1917367A1 (de)
FR (1) FR95190E (de)
GB (2) GB1271021A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6299830B2 (en) 1998-09-22 2001-10-09 Meltran, Inc. Apparatus and method for tapping a furnace

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CH548807A (de) * 1971-06-04 1974-05-15 Voest Ag Verfahren zur abscheidung von nichtmetallischen einschluessen aus schmelzfluessigem metall und einrichtung hiezu.
DE2247274C3 (de) * 1972-09-27 1975-10-09 Eisenwerk-Gesellschaft Maximilianshuette Mbh, 8458 Sulzbach-Rosenberg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Eingießen von Stahl beim Stranggießen
IT1104455B (it) * 1978-09-05 1985-10-21 Piombino Acciaierie Materozza per lingottiera di colata continua
JPS59208030A (ja) * 1983-05-12 1984-11-26 Hirotoshi Taniguchi 金属溶湯の連続的処理方法及び装置
CA1234961A (en) * 1984-08-15 1988-04-12 Donald R. Fosnacht Tundish with fluid flow control structure
US4591135A (en) * 1984-08-15 1986-05-27 Inland Steel Company Fluid flow control structure for tundish
US4852632A (en) * 1985-12-13 1989-08-01 Inland Steel Co. Apparatus for preventing undissolved alloying ingredient from entering continuous casting mold
JPS63220953A (ja) * 1987-03-06 1988-09-14 Nippon Steel Corp Ｐｂ含有鋼の連続鋳造方法
US4995592A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-02-26 Foseco International Limited Purifying molten metal
BR8901760A (pt) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-30 Mannesmann Sa Processo e dispositivo para lingotamento de acos ligados ao chumbo
EP1712314A1 (de) * 2005-04-13 2006-10-18 Profilarbed S.A. Verfahren zum Stranggiessen von metallischen Profilen
CN102527965A (zh) * 2010-12-11 2012-07-04 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种连铸过程中脱硫的方法及其中间包喂丝装置

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US2376518A (en) * 1942-05-29 1945-05-22 Int Nickel Co Method of casting metals
US2568525A (en) * 1948-06-05 1951-09-18 Int Nickel Co Gas hood for casting machines
US2678266A (en) * 1951-11-08 1954-05-11 Zifferer Lothar Robert Introduction of magnesium into molten iron
US3125440A (en) * 1960-12-27 1964-03-17 Tlbr b
US3192040A (en) * 1963-08-05 1965-06-29 Carpenter Steel Co Free machining alloy
US3342250A (en) * 1963-11-08 1967-09-19 Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke Method of and apparatus for vacuum melting and teeming steel and steellike alloys
US3367396A (en) * 1965-04-05 1968-02-06 Heppenstall Co Installation for the vacuum treatment of melts, in particular steel melts, and process for its operation
US3408059A (en) * 1965-06-02 1968-10-29 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for stream degassing molten metal
US3456713A (en) * 1966-09-07 1969-07-22 Bliss Co Method for supplying multiple metal streams to a continuous casting mold
US3459537A (en) * 1966-08-25 1969-08-05 United States Steel Corp Continuously cast steel slabs and method of making same
US3465811A (en) * 1965-11-15 1969-09-09 Est Aciers Fins Plants for the continuous casting of steel
US3467167A (en) * 1966-09-19 1969-09-16 Kaiser Ind Corp Process for continuously casting oxidizable metals
US3558256A (en) * 1964-10-21 1971-01-26 Paderwerk Gebruder Benteler Apparatus for the continuous casting of metals

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SU266161A1 (de) *
US2376518A (en) * 1942-05-29 1945-05-22 Int Nickel Co Method of casting metals
US2568525A (en) * 1948-06-05 1951-09-18 Int Nickel Co Gas hood for casting machines
US2678266A (en) * 1951-11-08 1954-05-11 Zifferer Lothar Robert Introduction of magnesium into molten iron
US3125440A (en) * 1960-12-27 1964-03-17 Tlbr b
US3192040A (en) * 1963-08-05 1965-06-29 Carpenter Steel Co Free machining alloy
US3342250A (en) * 1963-11-08 1967-09-19 Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke Method of and apparatus for vacuum melting and teeming steel and steellike alloys
US3558256A (en) * 1964-10-21 1971-01-26 Paderwerk Gebruder Benteler Apparatus for the continuous casting of metals
US3367396A (en) * 1965-04-05 1968-02-06 Heppenstall Co Installation for the vacuum treatment of melts, in particular steel melts, and process for its operation
US3408059A (en) * 1965-06-02 1968-10-29 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for stream degassing molten metal
US3465811A (en) * 1965-11-15 1969-09-09 Est Aciers Fins Plants for the continuous casting of steel
US3459537A (en) * 1966-08-25 1969-08-05 United States Steel Corp Continuously cast steel slabs and method of making same
US3456713A (en) * 1966-09-07 1969-07-22 Bliss Co Method for supplying multiple metal streams to a continuous casting mold
US3467167A (en) * 1966-09-19 1969-09-16 Kaiser Ind Corp Process for continuously casting oxidizable metals

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6299830B2 (en) 1998-09-22 2001-10-09 Meltran, Inc. Apparatus and method for tapping a furnace

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Publication number Publication date
AT301069B (de) 1972-08-25
GB1271022A (en) 1972-04-19
DE1917367A1 (de) 1971-02-11
FR95190E (fr) 1970-07-31
GB1271021A (en) 1972-04-19

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