US3837051A - Apparatus for singeing textile fabrics - Google Patents
Apparatus for singeing textile fabrics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3837051A US3837051A US00340066A US34006673A US3837051A US 3837051 A US3837051 A US 3837051A US 00340066 A US00340066 A US 00340066A US 34006673 A US34006673 A US 34006673A US 3837051 A US3837051 A US 3837051A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- guiding
- web
- singeing
- slit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000009999 singeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101001075561 Homo sapiens Rho GTPase-activating protein 32 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100020900 Rho GTPase-activating protein 32 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000090 raster image correlation spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009732 tufting Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C9/00—Singeing
- D06C9/02—Singeing by flame
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process for the singeing of free-standing fibers, filaments and thread loops of flat textiles, especially fabrics, by means of a flame acting on a flat textile guided past said flame continuously.
- the singeing, also called flaming or gassing, of fabric webs is a finishing step in order to eliminate any fine ends of fibers projecting from the surface, as a result of which the flat textiles produced from fibrous yarns exhibit in many instances an undesirable fluffy surface.
- the gas singeing process has proven to be the most economical and most favorable one, thereby a relatively good effect in depth can also be achieved.
- the fabric is guided at a speed of 50 to 250 meters per minute through the open soot free flame, whereby the flame can engage perpendicularly or tangentially the projections in relation to the goods, and is continuously guided past the flame.
- the difficulty with the traditional singeing process of the type mentioned lies in the fact that metering is complicated and controlling the flame which acts on the flat textile with delicate precision is also difficult in order that the fiber remnants are removed as completely as possible without in any way affecting the body of the fabric.
- the object of the invention is to provide a process for singeing ends of fibers and loops of filaments and threads projecting from a flat textile, by means of which a particularly effective singeing of the fibers is achieved and the utmost protection of the web of fabric is made possible, and a further object is to provide an apparatus for the economical execution of the process, which apparatus is distinguished by a simple and constructive design.
- the objective will be achieved according to the invention, in that the flat textile in the area of the occurrence ofthe flame experiences a strong change of direction, i.e., while buckling or bending, and is guided past the flame, whereby the outward bulging and curving side of the web of fabric is acted upon tangentially by the flame, in a manner which is known per se. Because of this measure, the unbound ends of fibers or remnants of fibers will experience an erection and will be laid free, since the area of the web of fabric moving past the singeing flame is, so to speak, stretched or spread out on its treatment side, and consequently the singeing flame can remove the remnants of flbers very effectively.
- the singeing effect depends to a considerable extent on the control of the flames
- provision has been made according to another characteristic of the invention that the singeing flame, emerging obliquely from the burner slit is guided on its side facing away from the web of fabric, via a convexly curved flame guiding body.
- the invention makes use of the knowledge, that, flames have a tendency of fitting against the guiding bodies, so that, as a result of this measure according to the invention, a stabilization of the shape of the flame will be achieved.
- the flameguiding effect can be enhanced still further, according to the invention, if, according to another feature of the invention, the flame is guided across a convex flame guiding body or bodies, and is sucked off after the singeing process. Viewed as a whole, this results in a very precise flame guidance, which can be controlled very accurately corresponding to the pertinent requirements.
- a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention is characterized in that the side of the flat textile facing away from the flame, is acted upon by a stream of compressed air directed oppositely to the flame, thereby permitting the stream of compressed air to be enriched with moisture.
- an apparatus consisting of a gassingeing machine with one or more series of burners and one or more flame guide arrangements, by means of which the flat textile is pulled continuously past the flame, which is characterized essentially in that the guide arrangement has two guiding surfaces, lying one behind the other in the direction of the web, and being inclined by about in relation to one another.
- the guiding surfaces pass over into one another by way of a rounded edge surface and that they have a lattice or sieve structure at least in the area of the rounded edge, and that the air canals are worked in within the guide arrangement, the exit nozzles of which are directed against the inner circular arc shaped area of transition between the guiding surfaces.
- the sieve or lattice structure which should have as fine a gauge as possible, permits an unimpeded striking of the stream of compressed or cooling air, possibly enriched with humidity (moisture) and controllable by way of throttle valves etc., against the side of the textile web facing away from the flame.
- the guide arrangement can be adjustable in a vertical and horizontal direction, and the singeing burner can be developed as a two chamber burner for the purpose of stabilizing the singeing flame.
- the guiding surfaces are formed by the outside surfaces of two water cooled canals, which are assembled while leaving an air exit slit, and which are adjustable for the purpose of changing the width of the air exit slit.
- FIG. I shows a diagrammatic sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1a shows in perspective a modification of the guiding surfaces of the device of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 shows a tufted rug in cross-section which is made from looped flat textile fabric fed into the machine of the invention and them faced with foamed plastic or foamed latex on the underside.
- FIG. 3 shows thread loops of a regular size in the fabric which is fed into the machine.
- FIG. 4 shows a section of this fabric of FIG. 3 which has been singed.
- the drawings show the fundamental structure of the apparatus according to the invention, which consists of the burner body 1, the guide arrangement developed as table 2, and the suction bell 3.
- the burner body 1 on the inside has a gas mixture chamber 11, from which the gas-air mixture is introduced via two burner slits 12 into a first combustion chamber 13 and from there via a narrow canal 14, serving for the stabilization of the flame into a second combustion chamber 15, and it then emerges after further stabilizing of the flames, from the burner slit 16.
- the ramp stone In, above the burner body 1 above the burner slit [6 constitutes a convexely curved guiding body 17, to which the flame emerging from the burner nozzle adapts (fits) itself.
- the suction bell 3 continues upward from the flame guiding body 17, which bell in connection with the combustion chamber and the flame guiding body 17 ensures a very exact (precise) guidance of the flame.
- the table 2 has a first guiding surface 21, rising somewhat from below to the top, and projecting from the perpendicular, and a horizontally aligned guiding surface 22.
- the transition between the guiding surfaces 21, 22 is formed by an arc with a relatively small radius, and represents a rounded edge.
- Canals 23 for the cooling water and an air canal 24 are positioned in the inside of the table.
- the outlet nozzle of the air canal is directed against the inside wall of the arc shaped transition area of the guiding surfaces 21, 22, which has a lattice or sieve structure, so that the air can strike without impediment the reverse side of the textile web, i.e.. the side to which the singeing flame is not tangential.
- the table is mounted horizontally in the direction of the arrow H and vertically adjustably in the direction of arrow V.
- the flat textile that is to be singed is pulled past the flame 4 by means of a pulling-off or rolling up apparatus, not shown.
- the textile web is given a break, so to speak, or a relatively sharpcurvature, so that the side of the textile web that is to be singed is spread (stretched) in this area and the remnants of fiber are raised and can thus be completely singed by the singeing flame attacking tangentially.
- a guide arrangement can be provided according to an alternative embodiment, in which the guiding surfaces 21, 22 are formed each time by the outside surfaces of broad, watercooled canals, which, while leaving an air escape slit, are disposed approximately at right angles to one another and are adjustable for the purpose of changing the width of the air gap.
- FIG. 2 illustrates schematically, such a tufted rug, into the ground tissue 25 of which threads 26, for example, made of fleecy threads of many endless polyamide filaments are impressed, while forming thread loops 27, 28 above and below the ground tissue 25.
- the thread loops are then fixed by latex, glue, etc., applied to the lower thread loops 28 and the underside of the ground tissue 25, after which the rug is provided on its underside with a layer 29 of foamed plastic.
- the plastic layer 29 in this case must be thick enough so the lower thread loops 28 will be embedded in it.
- the increase in thickness of the layer 29 of foam plastic increases the difficulties the production costs of tufted goods, on the one hand, because of the large quantities consumed and on the other hand because the thickness of the layer 29 requires a predetermined holding time in the apparatus for the development of the foamed layer 29, particularly since we are dealing with the socalled foaming condensation stage in a heating apparatus or furnace.
- the thread loops, particularly the lower thread loops 28, are, however, at an irregular size, as illustrated schematically in FIG. 3.
- the threads during pushing through the ground tissue are subjected to a considerable mechanical stress, so that there are frequent breaks of the filament and therefore many ends 30 of filaments project away from the thread loops 28.
- a thickness of the layer, approximately as indicated at position 31, must be provided.
- the required thickness for the layer 29, however, is reduced considerably, whenever the intermediate product according to FIG. 3 therefore before coating with latex and application of the layer 29 of foam plastic is subjected to a flame and heat treatment illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the intermediate product according to FIG. 3 in this case, is guided past the singeing flame 4, just like the flat textile 5 according to FIG. 1, whereby the thread loops 28 point toward the flame 4.
- the projecting ends 30 of the fibers are lightly singed and lightly matted down by the strong heat radiation.
- the thread loops 28 too are strongly matted and shrink, so that after the flame treatment one will about achieve the intermediate product, sketched in FIG.
- the flame temperature naturally, must be adapted to the thread material and must at least have the melting temperature of the thread material, therefore 215 to 245 C in the case of polyarnide fibers, or 248 to 256 C in the case of polyester fibers.
- An inadmissible heating up of the ground tissue 25 and of the visible thread loops 27 is prevented by the cooling air, fed in via the canal 24 and by the sucking off of the combustion gasses and of the flame by means of the suction apparatus 3.
- burner means including a slit providing a gas flame issuing from said slit; guiding means for guiding the flat textile in the form of a web continuously past said gas flame at said slit; said guiding means including a bent guide edge across which said web of material is pulled; said burner means having the flame exit slit pointed towards said bent guide edge; a convexly bent flame guiding body opposite said guiding edge; and a flame and fume flue, the exit direction of which lies transversely in relation to the flame exit direction,
- said guiding means is provided with two guiding surfaces lying one behind the other in the direction of travel of the web and inclined by about in relation to one another and wherein the bent guide edge lies between said two guiding surfaces.
- Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the surface of the bent guide edge has a lattice or sieve structure and wherein an air canal is provided within the guiding means, the exit of which canal is directed against the inner side of the bent guide edge.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2213631A DE2213631C2 (de) | 1972-03-21 | 1972-03-21 | Vorrichtung zum Absegen der freistehenden Fasern von textlien Flächengebilden |
| DE2326702A DE2326702A1 (de) | 1972-03-21 | 1973-05-25 | Anwendung des absengverfahrens bei der herstellung von beschichteten tuftingteppichen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2213631A DE2213631C2 (de) | 1972-03-21 | 1972-03-21 | Vorrichtung zum Absegen der freistehenden Fasern von textlien Flächengebilden |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3837051A true US3837051A (en) | 1974-09-24 |
Family
ID=5839610
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00340066A Expired - Lifetime US3837051A (en) | 1972-03-21 | 1973-03-12 | Apparatus for singeing textile fabrics |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3837051A (it) |
| JP (1) | JPS496286A (it) |
| FR (1) | FR2176941B3 (it) |
| GB (1) | GB1387526A (it) |
| IT (1) | IT987030B (it) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5765267A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-06-16 | Osthoff-Senge Gmbh & Co. Kg | Singeing machine |
| US5924179A (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1999-07-20 | Lainiere De Picardie S.A. | Method of treating a textile base material for thermo-bonding interlining based on texturized threads |
| US5928462A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1999-07-27 | Phoenix Automation, Inc. | Method and apparatus for sealing the corners of a fabric article |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4125778C2 (de) * | 1991-08-03 | 2001-04-26 | Osthoff Senge Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fixieren der Fadenschlingen bei Tufting-Teppichen |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US602813A (en) * | 1898-04-19 | Felix binder | ||
| US1139609A (en) * | 1915-02-05 | 1915-05-18 | Marvin S Weaver | Fiber-trimming apparatus. |
| US1350582A (en) * | 1920-02-18 | 1920-08-24 | Bradford Dyers Ass Ltd | Apparatus for singeing fabrics |
| DE466215C (de) * | 1928-10-04 | Eduard Timr | Gewebesengmaschine | |
| US2820277A (en) * | 1954-10-26 | 1958-01-21 | Forster Karl | Method and apparatus for making a hooked pile fabric |
-
1973
- 1973-03-12 US US00340066A patent/US3837051A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-03-16 IT IT21719/73A patent/IT987030B/it active
- 1973-03-19 GB GB1301973A patent/GB1387526A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-20 JP JP48032570A patent/JPS496286A/ja active Pending
- 1973-03-20 FR FR7309923A patent/FR2176941B3/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US602813A (en) * | 1898-04-19 | Felix binder | ||
| DE466215C (de) * | 1928-10-04 | Eduard Timr | Gewebesengmaschine | |
| US1139609A (en) * | 1915-02-05 | 1915-05-18 | Marvin S Weaver | Fiber-trimming apparatus. |
| US1350582A (en) * | 1920-02-18 | 1920-08-24 | Bradford Dyers Ass Ltd | Apparatus for singeing fabrics |
| US2820277A (en) * | 1954-10-26 | 1958-01-21 | Forster Karl | Method and apparatus for making a hooked pile fabric |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5924179A (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1999-07-20 | Lainiere De Picardie S.A. | Method of treating a textile base material for thermo-bonding interlining based on texturized threads |
| US5928462A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 1999-07-27 | Phoenix Automation, Inc. | Method and apparatus for sealing the corners of a fabric article |
| US6136120A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 2000-10-24 | Phoenix Automation, Inc. | Method and apparatus for sealing the corners of a fabric article |
| US5765267A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-06-16 | Osthoff-Senge Gmbh & Co. Kg | Singeing machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1387526A (en) | 1975-03-19 |
| FR2176941A1 (it) | 1973-11-02 |
| IT987030B (it) | 1975-02-20 |
| FR2176941B3 (it) | 1976-03-19 |
| JPS496286A (it) | 1974-01-19 |
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