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US3834587A - Means for automatic control of batching when casting from a heat-retaining of casting furnace or ladle (crucible) - Google Patents

Means for automatic control of batching when casting from a heat-retaining of casting furnace or ladle (crucible) Download PDF

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Publication number
US3834587A
US3834587A US00305684A US30568472A US3834587A US 3834587 A US3834587 A US 3834587A US 00305684 A US00305684 A US 00305684A US 30568472 A US30568472 A US 30568472A US 3834587 A US3834587 A US 3834587A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ladle
batching
output signal
tapping
furnace
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00305684A
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English (en)
Inventor
F Bengt
B Kjell
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal

Definitions

  • AppL NO: 305 684 For the automatic control of batching when casting from a heat-retaining furnace or ladle, an arrangement is provided for tapping the ladle in batches into a Forelgn Apphcatlon Priority t batching ladle. An arrangement is provided for weigh- Dec. 18, 1971 Sweden [4738/71 ing the batching ladle and the output signal of the weighing arrangement is fed to'a deriving device [52] US. Cl ..-222/56, 164/155, 222/77 which gives an output signal dependent on the melt [51] Int. Cl B22d 37/00 flow.
  • the output signal of the deriving device is fed to [58] Field of Search 222/ 166, 14, 16, 56, 77, a comparison device along with a signal representing a 222/DIG. l5, DIG. 12; 164/4, 154, 155 desired value.
  • a control device for the tapping of the furnace is combined with the output signal of the com- [56] References Cited parison device to terminate tapping when a predeter- UNITED STATES PATENTS mined quantity of melt has been tapped.
  • the present invention relates to a means for automatic control of batching or proportioning when casting from a heat-retaining or casting furnace or ladle (crucible).
  • a pressure casting method of this kind is shown in ASEAs brochure AUl0-103 PRESSPOUR casting m -J a.
  • level indicators for the melt have been used, placed in the tapping spout of the furnace and/or in the moulding box or the casting device.
  • Such level indicators involve the disadvantage that a rising gate has to be arranged which, among other things, causes expense for exchange of deteriorated material.
  • a rising gate has to be arranged which, among other things, causes expense for exchange of deteriorated material.
  • certain parts of the casting body have to be cast, and these must be removed later on in order to obtain a signal from the level indicator.
  • Such level indicators of on-off type also involve a problem concerning the accuracy when casting, and also their reliability in operation has been a problem. Indicators with a proportional signal have also been a problem.
  • the invention aims at a solution to these and related problems and is characterised in that the furnace is arranged to be tapped in batches into a batching ladle which is provided with weight equipment, the output signal of whichis fed to a deriving device in order to obtain an output signal dependent on the melt flow, said signal being arranged to be transmitted together with a signal for the desired value to a comparison device, the output signal of which is arranged to control the tapping from the furnace and other factors.
  • a signal is obtained, acting as a control signal and being directly dependent on the flow, and it is possible
  • FIG. 1 shows a skeleton diagram used for a pressure casting furnace of channel type.
  • FIG. 2 shows the filling and emptying conditions during batching with one batching ladle,
  • FIG. 3 the corresponding condition when using two batching ladles and
  • FIG. 4 the same for four batching ladles.
  • FIG. 5 shows a gearing device for the tare in case of small tare weight, and
  • FIG. 6 shows the same device seen from the side.
  • FIG. 7 shows the devices for weighing the tare arranged in accordance with FIG. 5, and FIGS. 8 and 9 alternative solutions of the gearing of the tare.
  • FIG. 1 shows a furnace of submerged resistor type (channel-type induction furnace) ll of tea-pot type having separate inlets 12 and outlets 13 and a furnace hearth closed by means of a liquid lock, said furnace being provided with one or several inductors of channel type.
  • a tapping spout 15 is arranged at the outlet, through which melt from the furnace is to be supplied to a batching ladle 16 in suitable batches, and this batching ladle can be arranged together with other similar means on a rotatable base on a so-called turning head system (see the small figure to the left in FIG. 4). When more batching ladles are used, these can also be arranged on the turning head system.
  • the ladle 16 When the ladle 16 has been filled with a suitable quantity of melt, it can be teemed into a funnel or mould 17 which, in turn, is to be emptied into a flank or mould 27 on an automatic casting line or moulding machine, type DISAMATIC.
  • the weight of the batching ladle (W-l-tare) is arranged to be measured in a suitable manner, for example by means of a magnetostrictive measuring device of the type shown in Swedish patent specification 151,267, see detail .19 in the present FIG.
  • the tare (the weight of empty batching ladle 16) is arranged to be measured when the batching ladle after emptying returns to position for filling and affects a sensing device at 21, preferably in a similar way, and the measuring signal for the tare is transmitted to a calculating device or computer 20, where the tare signal is then subtracted from the gross weight in order to obtain a signal for the net weight (W), said signal being then derived in order to obtain a signal proportional to the flow (W the derivate of the net weight).
  • the batching ladle 16 is tiltable by means of a suitable drive means, such as a hydraulic device 18, where the teeming rate can be controlled with a programming device in order to obtain a favorable flow at the beginning and end.
  • a suitable drive means such as a hydraulic device 18, where the teeming rate can be controlled with a programming device in order to obtain a favorable flow at the beginning and end.
  • inoculation with, for example, ferrosilicon is automatically carried out.
  • the computer 20 is connected to an indicating device 22 of digital or other type, and at the desk 23 the information to be indicated at 22 can be fed, such as batch weight, total weight, tare weight, flow, remaining melt in the furnace and so on.
  • the furnace II can also be tiltable and possibly of crucible or of other type and provided with a heat-retaining member.
  • the desired batch weight can be fed at a certain casting line, and the batch weight should be independent of the degree of filling of the furnace 11.
  • a ramp device is arranged, from which a suitable desired value for the flow (W) reference flow can be obtained, said value being transmitted to an addition device 25 together with the signal for actual value W for the flow.
  • the signal for flow deviation (from 25) is transmitted to a flow regulator 32, preferably a control amplifier of proportional, integrating type. Output signals for this amplifier 32 will, as appears below, constitute a reference for the pressure control (the pressure tapping of the furnace 11), and this signal is transmitted to a second addition device 27, together with a signal corresponding to the pressure 28 measured above the melt in the furnace.
  • the pressure signal is also transmitted over a motor driven potentiometer 34, constituting a memory circuit" for the pressure during the tapping which is not constant during the whole emptying process but varies according to a certain curve.
  • the output signal from the potentiometer 34 is transmitted, after switching on at the end of the filling, to the same addition device 27, and error signals (deviations from desired pressure in the furnace degree of tapping) are transmitted to a pressure control amplifier 33, the output signal of which is transmitted to an adjusting device for the pressure in the furnace (air or inert gas, transmitted at 14).
  • FIG. 3 shows how the emptying (T) and filling (F) scheme can be arranged when two ladles (1,2) are used
  • FIG. 4 shows the same for four ladles (1,2,3,4). To the left in FIG. 4 is shown how the ladles are turned in the direction of the arrow for emptying (T) and filling (F) on the turning head system.
  • W and W are adjusted at the computer 20, and on attaining W for one batch the relay coil 29 receives current and its contact 29 closes the circuit W to the ramp device after W has been switched on previously.
  • a filling scheme according to FIG. 2 is obtained until W has been attained, when the relay coil 48 receives current and, among other things, its contact 48 breaks and the flow control ceases.
  • the reference device 34 is switched on by means of the contact 48" and takes over the control as well the pressure reduction reference A P.
  • the supervision now comprises a photocell device 49, the output signal of which is transmitted to an integrating amplifier 36 which, after coil 48 has received current, also causes contact 48" to feed the addition device 27.
  • the integration time for the amplifier 36 is selected so that maximum filling rate is accomplished with no risk of running over.
  • a P is the desired pressure reduction during tapping of a batch.
  • a circuit 37 is switched on, arranged in such a way that the output signal from the flow control 32 corresponds to the current pressure during tapping (bump-less function).
  • the control amplifier 37 is arranged to transmit a signal to the addition device 25 over contact 48"" (closed when the coil 48 receives current), in this way affecting the output signal of the flow control so that it corresponds to the current pressure when starting up.
  • FIG. 5 is shown how the taring control can be ar ranged for small tares.
  • the ladle is located at the end of a lever 51, or supported at a point 54 and rotatable by means of a motor 53 for tapping through the gear drive 52. See also FIG. 6 where the same process is shown seen laterally.
  • FIG. 7 is shown how the shaft 51 is arranged on a fixedly supported revolving axle 54 in which the balance devices 19 are arranged.
  • FIG. 8 shows how the balance device is arranged at 19, said balance device emitting a suitable signal corresponding to the tare, which signal can also be obtained in the case of very small tare weights.
  • FIG. 9 shows an alternative, the balance device being located below a pivot for a shaft, at the end of which the ladle is positioned.
  • Controlled tapping rate which means that a maximum proportioning rate can be maintained during the major part of the tapping process.
  • the flow rate is determined by deriving the weight signal, and therefore no particular sensing member for the flow rate itself is needed.
  • the demand on accuracy for the flow control is moderate, since the total weight finally decides when the tapping is to cease.
  • the level in the tapping channel is lowered to a position on a level with the dam for the tapping spout 15, independent of the degree of filling of the furnace 11. This means, aside from time saving, that the consumption of the pressure gas in the furnace hearth (the furnace tank) is reduced to a minimum.
  • the latter is particularly advantageous when casting nodular iron.
  • Filling of the furnace can be made irrespective of whether tapping is going on or not.
  • the system can be fully automated.
  • the system makes possible continuous casting on a casting line.
  • casting can be carried out without having to stop the casting line.
  • Means for automatic control of batching when casting from a crucible including a batching ladle, means for tapping the crucible in batches into the batching ladle, means for weighing the batching ladle, a deriving device, means for feeding the output signal of the batching ladle weighing means to the deriving device, means in the deriving device to transform the output signal of the batching ladle weighing means, which output signal depends upon the weight of batches of the tapped melt, into the derivative of the output signal of the batching ladle weighing means, the derivative of the output signal of the weighing means representing the rate of the melt flow out of the crucible, a reference device providing signals representing the desired value of melt flow rate out of the crucible, means responsive to the output signal of the batching ladle weighing means to change the output signal of the reference device, a comparison device, means to feed to the comparison device the signal from the reference device and the output signal from the deriving means, a control device for the tapping of the crucible, and
  • the crucible is a furnace of submerged resistor type provided with separate inlets and outlets and with an inflow for pressure medium at the hearth in order to control the tapping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
US00305684A 1971-11-18 1972-11-13 Means for automatic control of batching when casting from a heat-retaining of casting furnace or ladle (crucible) Expired - Lifetime US3834587A (en)

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SE14738/71A SE364654B (sv) 1971-11-18 1971-11-18

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3942577A (en) * 1973-07-18 1976-03-09 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for controlling electromagnetic casting
US4019563A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-04-26 Asea Aktiebolag Method and apparatus for controlling the batching of a melt for pressure tapping furnace
US4146158A (en) * 1976-07-14 1979-03-27 Modern Equipment Company Apparatus for the quantitatively measurable casting of a molten metal with an electromagnetic dosing trough
US4168789A (en) * 1976-10-25 1979-09-25 Novatome Industries Metering apparatus for molten metal
US4179045A (en) * 1977-02-14 1979-12-18 Piero Colombani Liquid transferring device
US4299268A (en) * 1979-06-07 1981-11-10 Maschinenfabrik & Eisengiesserei Ed. Mezger Ag Automatically controlled casting plant
US4374799A (en) * 1979-06-18 1983-02-22 Clerc De Bussy Le Method for casting parts made of fused ceramic material
US4470445A (en) * 1980-02-28 1984-09-11 Bethlehem Steel Corp. Apparatus for pouring hot top ingots by weight
US4744407A (en) * 1986-10-20 1988-05-17 Inductotherm Corp. Apparatus and method for controlling the pour of molten metal into molds
US5146974A (en) * 1990-10-02 1992-09-15 Globe-Union Inc. Lead pouring system
US20020170700A1 (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-11-21 Shigeru Yanagimoto Metal-casting method and apparatus, casting system and cast-forging system
US20080058771A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2008-03-06 Ecolab Inc. Method for Multiple Dosage of Liquid Products, Dosing Apparatus and Dosing System
US20090090483A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Griffin Pipe Products Co., Inc. Control of casting machine
US20090310434A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2009-12-17 Uwe Kampmeyer Method, Apparatus and System For High-Precision Metering and/or Mixing of Liquids
US7896198B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2011-03-01 Ecolab Inc. Method and apparatus for mass based dispensing
US7954668B2 (en) 2007-12-12 2011-06-07 Ecolab Inc. Low and empty product detection using load cell and load cell bracket
US8277745B2 (en) 2007-05-02 2012-10-02 Ecolab Inc. Interchangeable load cell assemblies
US20130140335A1 (en) * 2010-08-26 2013-06-06 Kouichi Banno Pouring equipment and method of pouring using the pouring equipment
US8944286B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2015-02-03 Ecolab Usa Inc. Mass-based dispensing using optical displacement measurement
US9051163B2 (en) 2009-10-06 2015-06-09 Ecolab Inc. Automatic calibration of chemical product dispense systems
US9102509B2 (en) 2009-09-25 2015-08-11 Ecolab Inc. Make-up dispense in a mass based dispensing system
EP2415540A4 (en) * 2009-04-02 2017-11-01 Sintokogio, Ltd. Automatic pouring method

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2624435B2 (de) * 1976-06-01 1981-03-26 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Verfahren zum dosierten Vergießen schelzflüssiger Metalle
FR2367566A1 (fr) * 1976-10-18 1978-05-12 Pont A Mousson Procede et dispositif de commande d'une poche de coulee repetitive sous basse pression
US4741514A (en) * 1984-02-23 1988-05-03 Gerhard Bleickert High temperature and/or melting furnace for non-ferrous metals with dosing device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2768413A (en) * 1953-04-20 1956-10-30 Allegheny Ludlum Stcel Corp System for controlling the flow of molten metal
US2772455A (en) * 1955-10-28 1956-12-04 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Metal pouring apparatus for continuous casting
US2882567A (en) * 1957-05-29 1959-04-21 Combustion Eng Back weighing and pouring of molten metal into foundry molds
US3396870A (en) * 1967-01-03 1968-08-13 Gen Motors Corp Mechanical metal pouring control system and components thereof
US3439759A (en) * 1965-12-14 1969-04-22 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Method and apparatus for obtaining a constant predetermined flow of liquid,especially molten metal
US3457985A (en) * 1966-12-16 1969-07-29 United States Steel Corp Continuous casting apparatus with means automatically controlling the holding vessel discharge
US3537505A (en) * 1965-12-30 1970-11-03 Concast Ag Method of controlling continuous casting

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2768413A (en) * 1953-04-20 1956-10-30 Allegheny Ludlum Stcel Corp System for controlling the flow of molten metal
US2772455A (en) * 1955-10-28 1956-12-04 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Metal pouring apparatus for continuous casting
US2882567A (en) * 1957-05-29 1959-04-21 Combustion Eng Back weighing and pouring of molten metal into foundry molds
US3439759A (en) * 1965-12-14 1969-04-22 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Method and apparatus for obtaining a constant predetermined flow of liquid,especially molten metal
US3537505A (en) * 1965-12-30 1970-11-03 Concast Ag Method of controlling continuous casting
US3457985A (en) * 1966-12-16 1969-07-29 United States Steel Corp Continuous casting apparatus with means automatically controlling the holding vessel discharge
US3396870A (en) * 1967-01-03 1968-08-13 Gen Motors Corp Mechanical metal pouring control system and components thereof

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3942577A (en) * 1973-07-18 1976-03-09 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for controlling electromagnetic casting
US4019563A (en) * 1974-11-11 1977-04-26 Asea Aktiebolag Method and apparatus for controlling the batching of a melt for pressure tapping furnace
US4146158A (en) * 1976-07-14 1979-03-27 Modern Equipment Company Apparatus for the quantitatively measurable casting of a molten metal with an electromagnetic dosing trough
US4168789A (en) * 1976-10-25 1979-09-25 Novatome Industries Metering apparatus for molten metal
US4179045A (en) * 1977-02-14 1979-12-18 Piero Colombani Liquid transferring device
US4299268A (en) * 1979-06-07 1981-11-10 Maschinenfabrik & Eisengiesserei Ed. Mezger Ag Automatically controlled casting plant
US4374799A (en) * 1979-06-18 1983-02-22 Clerc De Bussy Le Method for casting parts made of fused ceramic material
US4470445A (en) * 1980-02-28 1984-09-11 Bethlehem Steel Corp. Apparatus for pouring hot top ingots by weight
US4744407A (en) * 1986-10-20 1988-05-17 Inductotherm Corp. Apparatus and method for controlling the pour of molten metal into molds
US5146974A (en) * 1990-10-02 1992-09-15 Globe-Union Inc. Lead pouring system
US20020170700A1 (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-11-21 Shigeru Yanagimoto Metal-casting method and apparatus, casting system and cast-forging system
US7896198B2 (en) 2003-05-12 2011-03-01 Ecolab Inc. Method and apparatus for mass based dispensing
US20090310434A1 (en) * 2004-04-14 2009-12-17 Uwe Kampmeyer Method, Apparatus and System For High-Precision Metering and/or Mixing of Liquids
US20080058771A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2008-03-06 Ecolab Inc. Method for Multiple Dosage of Liquid Products, Dosing Apparatus and Dosing System
US8905266B2 (en) * 2004-06-23 2014-12-09 Ecolab Inc. Method for multiple dosage of liquid products, dosing apparatus and dosing system
US8277745B2 (en) 2007-05-02 2012-10-02 Ecolab Inc. Interchangeable load cell assemblies
US20090090483A1 (en) * 2007-10-04 2009-04-09 Griffin Pipe Products Co., Inc. Control of casting machine
US7770628B2 (en) * 2007-10-04 2010-08-10 Griffin Pipe Products Company, Inc. Control of casting machine
US7954668B2 (en) 2007-12-12 2011-06-07 Ecolab Inc. Low and empty product detection using load cell and load cell bracket
EP2415540A4 (en) * 2009-04-02 2017-11-01 Sintokogio, Ltd. Automatic pouring method
US9102509B2 (en) 2009-09-25 2015-08-11 Ecolab Inc. Make-up dispense in a mass based dispensing system
US9051163B2 (en) 2009-10-06 2015-06-09 Ecolab Inc. Automatic calibration of chemical product dispense systems
US20130140335A1 (en) * 2010-08-26 2013-06-06 Kouichi Banno Pouring equipment and method of pouring using the pouring equipment
EP2608910A1 (en) * 2010-08-26 2013-07-03 Sintokogio, Ltd. Pouring equipment and method of pouring using the pouring equipment
US9289824B2 (en) * 2010-08-26 2016-03-22 Sintokogio, Ltd. Pouring equipment and method of pouring using the pouring equipment
US8944286B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2015-02-03 Ecolab Usa Inc. Mass-based dispensing using optical displacement measurement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2254946A1 (de) 1973-05-24
SE364654B (sv) 1974-03-04

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