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US3808865A - Method and apparatus for extrusion of workpieces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for extrusion of workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3808865A
US3808865A US00234703A US23470372A US3808865A US 3808865 A US3808865 A US 3808865A US 00234703 A US00234703 A US 00234703A US 23470372 A US23470372 A US 23470372A US 3808865 A US3808865 A US 3808865A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tool
extrusion
workpieces
press
coolant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00234703A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Wagner
J Hesse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcan Holdings Switzerland AG
Original Assignee
Alusuisse Holdings AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alusuisse Holdings AG filed Critical Alusuisse Holdings AG
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Publication of US3808865A publication Critical patent/US3808865A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/04—Cooling or heating of press heads, dies or mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
    • B21C29/006—Gas treatment of work, e.g. to prevent oxidation or to create surface effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for extrusion of workpieces. Especially the invention is concerned with a method and apparatus for extruding workpieces whereby a cooling medium is applied to transfer excessive heat from the apparatus in order to increase extrucion speed.
  • The'cooling medium applied in a gaseous state is further used to create a protective atmosphere at the downstream end of the apparatus to eliminate the oxidizing effects of normal air.
  • the present invention relates-to a method and apparatus for extrusion of workpieces, especially of aluminium alloys.
  • the properties of workpieces formed out of aluminium and its alloys such as rods, tubes, etc. are substantially determined by two factors, namely the ingot or billet temperature and the speed of extrusion, which for creation of an economical production are in close relationship.
  • a high ingot and billet temperature could appear to be employable from considerations relating to the press, especially for the reason that then a lesser deformation work need be exerted by. the press plunger on the ingot or billet in the receiver.
  • An economical throughput or an optimum use of a press are however contradicted by the'low press speed then required.
  • aluminium oxides collect at the downstream end of the working surface of the tool, like a crust surrounding the downstream end of the working surface, while the oxide deposits are promoted with increasing deformation heat in the tool.
  • the broken off part is embodied on or in the surface of the extruded workpiece, with formation of a surface defect other than the hitherto descirbed kind.
  • the invention starts from this, and has as its object to provide a method of extrusion of workpieces, especially of aluminium alloys, with which the disadvantages sketched above are put aside, and the solution of the problem is characterized in that liquid nitrogen is supplied to the tool and at the beginning of the travel a through the tool the liquid nitrogen is brought into the gas phase.
  • a preferably explosive increase of the vol,- ume of liquid nitrogen by about 200 times a large volume transport means is offered to the tool for carrying off the additional deformation heat produced by the increased extrusion speed, without having to bring the drawbacks which appear in conjunction with the known methods.
  • the formation of an oxide layer at the downstream end of the tool is increased by the presence of atmospheric oxygen and by an increased deformation heat in the tool.
  • the formation of the oxide layer can suitably be avoided, so that with the optimum removal of heat an additional increase of extrusion speed with tolerance of 'an increased tool temperature becomes possible.
  • theinvention can be advantageously embodied in that gaseous nitrogen is directed from the tool in the direction towards the downstream end of the tool.
  • the device for carrying out the method is characterized by effective removal of the additional deformation heat arising in the die from the increased extrusion speed, in that a regulating valve is present which cooperates with a channel-like recess, and is adjustable to a deformation heat to be removed.
  • liquid nitrogen is supplied to the tool and at the beginning of flow through the tool the liquid nitrogen is brought into the gas phase.
  • adjustable to the deformation heat to be removed is desirable because thereby an optimum supply of gaseous coolant is adjustable and one can avoid that nitrogen flows through the tool while still liquid, which would remove a smaller amount of heat from the tool, quite apart from the fact that such a condition of the coolant would disadvantageously influence the effectiveness of the method.
  • the tool is in addition advantageously so formed that passages are I provided which lead out from the channel-like recess FIG. 3 a section through the tool according to FIG.
  • FIG. 4 a detail for a modified construction according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 a seal to be used with the construction according to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 a further seal for use with the construction ac cording to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 shows'an extrusion press 10 the press tool of which is operated in accordance with the invention.
  • the extrusion press 10 consists of a crosshead 13 in which are journalled guides 12 for displacement of the hydraulically driven press plunger carrier 14. Between the crosshead 13 and the press plunger carrier 14 there is a tool slide 15 fixed on the crosshead 13, on which is mounted a tool 16 which will be described in more detail in connection with FIG. 2.
  • a receiver 17 abuts against the tool 16, while by means of the press plunger 18,, metal 19 is driven into the tool for formation of a workpiece 20, for example in the form of an extruded bar.
  • a vacuum-insulated container 21 there is liquid nitrogen or a similar, preferably inert, liquefied gas.
  • a hose 22 connects the container 21 with the tool 16 for supplyof the coolant.
  • a regulating valve 23 In the direction of flow of the liquid nitrogen there is inserted into the hose 22 first a regulating valve 23, then a safety valve 24, and thereafter a magnetic valve 25.
  • the regulating valve 23 By means of the regulating valve 23, the quantity drawn off from the container 21 is adjusted corresponding to the additional deformation heat to be carried off, with observation of a complete conversion of the amount drawnoff into the gas phase in the tool.
  • the safety valve 24 is intendendto satisfy safety requirements.
  • the magnetic valve 25 cooperates with the press plunger or with the extrusion pressure in the receiver 17, in such a way that the magnetic valve 25 opens for supply of coolant only after expiration of the time range of initial ingot or billet deformation, i.e., after reduction of the deformation pressure, released by the commencing flow of the billet, and remains open until the extrusion process is completed and the press plunger 18 is withdrawn for reception of a new billet.
  • the magnetic valve 25 is accordingly effectively opening only in the effective period of extrusion.
  • a delivery table is indicated at 26.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a tool 16 made for employing the method.
  • the tool 16 consists, in the direction of flow of the metal which is flowing through extrusion pressure, of the die 28 which is provided with a mandrel 29 fixed to a bridge not shown, for production of a hollow section.
  • the flowing metal enters the die 28 through entry openings 30 in streams which are divided by the bridge and flows, with joining and welding together of the partial streams, along the working surface 31, out of the die 28 with formation of the desired workpiece 20.
  • the die 28 is in the case shown made in two parts, in that for formation of the outer circumference of the workpiece an insert 32 is provided.
  • the die 28 with insert 32 are set in a holder 33, which abuts through a sealing ring 34 on a pressure ring 35, which in turn is received in a pressure ring holder 36.
  • a channel shaped recess 37 is provided, as shown in FIG. 2, extending annularly in the pressure ring 35, from which passages 38 open near the downstream end of the working surface 31.
  • the recess 37 open two delivery pipes 39 for production of a uniform removal of heat from the tool 16, and the coolant supplied flows through the outlet opening 40 into the respective cavities 41 and 42 of the pressure ring 35 and pressure ring holder 36, with production of the desired result already described.
  • the channel-shaped enlargement 37 opens towards the die 28 with its insert 32, so that the coolant can arrive into contact with the die 28 and the insert 32.
  • the passages 38 are made gutter-shaped.
  • the shape, open on one side, for the recess 37 and passages 38 has the advantage, that the path for coolant can be made what is best from flow considerations, together with a simplified introduction into the pressure ring 35.
  • the tool construction according to FIGS. 2 and '3 shows a best construction. If for example the die were integral, i.e., made without insert 32, then the channel-shaped recess 37 can be made in the recess 43 which receives the die 28, for example by internal piercing on a lathe. Upon insertion of the die in the recess 43 of the holder 33 there thus arises an annular passage running round the die from which bores can be made in the direction towards the downstream end of the working surface 31. Accordingto FIG.
  • the tool 16 is connected to the container 21 by a hose 22, which permits displacement of the tool slide 15 with the tool 16.
  • a hose 22 which permits displacement of the tool slide 15 with the tool 16.
  • the hose described in connection with FIG. 1 is here replaced by a heat-insulated pipe 44 which is permanently connected to the press and which opens beneath the tool slide 15 into the tool slide support 45.
  • a bore 46 extends into the tool slide 15 and at its outlet end there is a connection 47 provided to the tool 16, which will be explained in more detail in connection with FIG. 6.
  • the pipe 44 is attached to a prolongation welded to the tool slide carrier 45, which is provided with a bore 48 through it. Between the tool slide support and the tool slide 15, there is a plate 49 shown in FIG.
  • the plate 49 has a bore 51, which is provided with a countersink 52 at its end facing the tool slide.
  • the countersink 52 has as its object a sufficient flow cross section, in the case of reduction of the inlet side of the bore 46 to the flow passages 48-.
  • connection 47 shown in FIG. 6 between the tool 16 and the tool slide 15, consisting of the head 53 inserted in the tool 16 and the support 54 provided in the bore 46.
  • the head 53 carries at one end a thread for fixing the head 53 in the tool 16, which is adjacent to a hexagon 55.
  • the face of the hexagon away from the thread carries a spherical extension 56,
  • a bore 57 for conveying the coolant penetrates the head 53.
  • the support 54 consist of a shouldered bush 58, which engages in a tube 59 with a closure wall 60.
  • the shouldered bush is inserted in the bore 46 and aspring 61 urges the shouldered bush 58 and the pipe 59 apart.
  • the closure wall 60 there is a bore 62, the countersink 63 of whichserves for sealing reception of the spherical-shaped extension 56.
  • the support 54 is inserted so far into the bore 46, that upon support of the tool 16 onthe tool slide the head 53 is brought into sealing engagement on the support 54 in the connection 47 to the bore 46.
  • the coolant supply is continuously connected with the press 10, and thus all the pipes can be made thermally insulated. Timeconsuming manual operations for changing the tools disappear, for these are connected to the coolant supply by support on the tool slide.
  • thecoolant passages consisting of the passages 38 and the channellike recess 37, e.g., so that the cross sections of the passages 38 are larger than that of the channel 37 which can surround the working surface, or the other way round.
  • a supplementary recess can be provided at the coolant entry into the die, that is to say always in the neighbourhood of the beginning of the channel 37, which forms part of the channel 37, to assist the complete vaporisation of the coolant at the entry to the tool.
  • This recess can however also be located at the places where the radially extending supply passages 39 open into the channel-shaped recess 37. The reason for allowing differing measurements for passages 38 and recess 37 is to influence flow conditions of the gas which maintains to increase its volume while flowing through the die.
  • a method for extruding workpieces, for example made of aluminum alloys, by means of a tool through which a coolant is circulated comprising the steps of supplying a deep cold liquified inert gas to the tool and bringing the liquified gas to the gaseous state at the beginning of the flow thereof through the tool.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
US00234703A 1971-03-18 1972-03-15 Method and apparatus for extrusion of workpieces Expired - Lifetime US3808865A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH401471A CH540076A (de) 1971-03-18 1971-03-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen von Werkstücken insbesondere aus Aluminiumlegierungen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3808865A true US3808865A (en) 1974-05-07

Family

ID=4268186

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00234703A Expired - Lifetime US3808865A (en) 1971-03-18 1972-03-15 Method and apparatus for extrusion of workpieces

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3808865A (de)
JP (1) JPS558247B1 (de)
AT (1) AT318352B (de)
BE (1) BE780853A (de)
CA (1) CA966086A (de)
CH (1) CH540076A (de)
DE (1) DE2211645B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2130434B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1388896A (de)
IT (1) IT950370B (de)
NL (1) NL7203347A (de)
SE (1) SE391134B (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0099744A2 (de) * 1982-07-19 1984-02-01 BICC Public Limited Company Strangpressmaschine
US4462234A (en) * 1980-06-19 1984-07-31 Battelle Development Corporation Rapid extrusion of hot-short-sensitive alloys
US4484464A (en) * 1980-11-21 1984-11-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electrical upsetting method and device therefor
US4578973A (en) * 1981-11-04 1986-04-01 Showa Aluminum Corporation Process for producing hollow aluminum extrudates for use in a high vacuum environment
US5392628A (en) * 1991-12-16 1995-02-28 Techint-Compagnia Tecnica Internazionale S.P.A. Press assembly for extruding a billet
US6342188B1 (en) * 1998-11-03 2002-01-29 Trojan Technologies, Inc. Radiation source module and cleaning apparatus therefor
EP1249284A1 (de) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Inertisieren beim Strangpressen
US6598451B2 (en) 2001-11-02 2003-07-29 Sequa Can Machinery, Inc. Internally cooled tool pack
US20040099030A1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-05-27 Richard Twigg Apparatus and method for die inerting
CN101468365B (zh) * 2007-12-29 2011-03-30 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 导风装置和采用该导风装置的工件冷却装置
CN103639228A (zh) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-19 苏州鑫叶自动化设备系统有限公司 一种消除铝材挤压机挤压出的铝料表面颗粒的装置
CN107159737A (zh) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-15 广东工业大学 一种挤压机
CN110449480A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-15 宁波思明汽车附件有限公司 一种用于加工气门嘴毛坯件的模具及其制造方法
CN114669619A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2022-06-28 广东开平红荔铝业有限公司 一种铝柱冷却装置

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE92799T1 (de) * 1987-03-02 1993-08-15 Menziken Aluminium Ag Vorrichtung zum kuehlen einer leichtmetallstrangpresse.
JPH01174642U (de) * 1988-05-30 1989-12-12
DE19857790A1 (de) * 1998-12-15 2000-07-20 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren zur Werkzeugkühlung von Indirekt-Leichtmetall-Strangpressen mit flüssigem Stickstoff
CN101934299A (zh) * 2010-08-17 2011-01-05 大连康丰科技有限公司 一种使用雾化冷却技术的连续挤压设备及冷却方法
DE102013010836A1 (de) 2013-07-10 2015-01-15 Messer Group Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen von Werkstücken, insbesondere aus Aluminiumlegierungen
WO2015023683A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-19 Tufts University Micro forming devices and systems and uses thereof
DE102023115493A1 (de) 2023-06-14 2024-12-19 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Herstellung eines Aluminiumstrangs

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2161570A (en) * 1936-04-23 1939-06-06 Western Electric Co Cooling system
US3673904A (en) * 1969-12-16 1972-07-04 N G N Ltd Microtome assemblies

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2002690A (en) * 1933-06-01 1935-05-28 Western Electric Co Method of and apparatus for treating moving matter
FR1134015A (fr) * 1954-07-02 1957-04-04 British Insulated Callenders Perfectionnements relatifs à la fabrication des câbles électriques
GB943531A (en) * 1959-02-04 1963-12-04 Brd Co Ltd Roof support for use in mines
US3112828A (en) * 1959-02-09 1963-12-03 Fred L Hill Extrusion dies
US3181337A (en) * 1962-12-07 1965-05-04 Dow Chemical Co Process for preparing fine grained, high strength extrusions

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2161570A (en) * 1936-04-23 1939-06-06 Western Electric Co Cooling system
US3673904A (en) * 1969-12-16 1972-07-04 N G N Ltd Microtome assemblies

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4462234A (en) * 1980-06-19 1984-07-31 Battelle Development Corporation Rapid extrusion of hot-short-sensitive alloys
US4484464A (en) * 1980-11-21 1984-11-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electrical upsetting method and device therefor
US4578973A (en) * 1981-11-04 1986-04-01 Showa Aluminum Corporation Process for producing hollow aluminum extrudates for use in a high vacuum environment
EP0099744A2 (de) * 1982-07-19 1984-02-01 BICC Public Limited Company Strangpressmaschine
EP0099744A3 (de) * 1982-07-19 1985-08-14 BICC Public Limited Company Strangpressmaschine
US5392628A (en) * 1991-12-16 1995-02-28 Techint-Compagnia Tecnica Internazionale S.P.A. Press assembly for extruding a billet
US6342188B1 (en) * 1998-11-03 2002-01-29 Trojan Technologies, Inc. Radiation source module and cleaning apparatus therefor
EP1249284A1 (de) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Inertisieren beim Strangpressen
US6598451B2 (en) 2001-11-02 2003-07-29 Sequa Can Machinery, Inc. Internally cooled tool pack
US20040099030A1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-05-27 Richard Twigg Apparatus and method for die inerting
US6898954B2 (en) * 2002-11-27 2005-05-31 Air Liquide American, L.P. Apparatus and method for die inerting
CN101468365B (zh) * 2007-12-29 2011-03-30 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 导风装置和采用该导风装置的工件冷却装置
CN103639228A (zh) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-19 苏州鑫叶自动化设备系统有限公司 一种消除铝材挤压机挤压出的铝料表面颗粒的装置
CN107159737A (zh) * 2017-07-10 2017-09-15 广东工业大学 一种挤压机
CN110449480A (zh) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-15 宁波思明汽车附件有限公司 一种用于加工气门嘴毛坯件的模具及其制造方法
CN110449480B (zh) * 2019-08-26 2024-05-10 宁波思明汽车附件有限公司 一种用于加工气门嘴毛坯件的模具及其制造方法
CN114669619A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2022-06-28 广东开平红荔铝业有限公司 一种铝柱冷却装置
CN114669619B (zh) * 2022-03-31 2024-04-16 广东开平红荔铝业有限公司 一种铝柱冷却装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT950370B (it) 1973-06-20
BE780853A (fr) 1972-07-17
FR2130434A1 (de) 1972-11-03
CA966086A (en) 1975-04-15
GB1388896A (en) 1975-03-26
NL7203347A (de) 1972-09-20
JPS558247B1 (de) 1980-03-03
AT318352B (de) 1974-10-10
CH540076A (de) 1973-08-15
SE391134B (sv) 1977-02-07
DE2211645B2 (de) 1977-08-25
FR2130434B1 (de) 1978-02-03
DE2211645A1 (de) 1972-09-28

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