Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
  • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
  • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
  • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
  • C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic

Definitions

• This invention is concerned with means for providing a low sulfur, low pour fuel oil blend. More particularly, the invention is concerned with a fuel oil blend containing a major amount of a high pour, low sulfur, waxy residual fuel and a minor amount of a low-waxy, low pour residual fuel oil, this blend having a reduced pour point relative to its components owing to the incorporation therein of certain high molecular weight ethylene-vinyl fatty acid ester copolymers.
• residual fuel oils contain quantities of wax and asphaltic compounds which render them viscous and which sometimes interfere with practical use thereof. Particularly serious problems can be encountered in pumping residual fuel oils to a burner and in making them flow at low temperatures. Other factors to be reckoned with in regard to these oils are the facts that they behave as non-Newtonian liquids at low temperatures; exhibit variable solidifying temperatures and manifest peculiar hysteresis phenomena all of which result in difficulties in equipment design.
• additives in lubricating oils and in so-called middle distillates in order to tie in the wax present therein and to improve flow characteristics at reduced temperatures.
• the additives in question consist either of compounds formed by alkylating benzene or naphthalene derivatives; or, of copolymers of ethylene-vinyl fatty acid ester of a molecular weight up to 3,000 containing from to 25 percent by weight of the vinyl fatty acid ester.
• An equally important object of the claimed invention is to provide a novel fuel oil blend characterized by a low sulfur content and a reduced pour point resulting from the incorporation therein of a small amount of certain ethylene-vinyl fatty acid ester copolymers.
• a further object of the claimed invention is to provide a fuel oil blend which will be stable at different blend temperatures over storage times of up to about 3 months.
• the fuel blend of the invention comprises a major amount (i.e., over 50 percent by volume) of a high pour, waxy, residual fuel oil having an API gravity of about 20.0 to about 25.0; a sulfur content of between about 0.40 wt. percent and about 0.96 wt. percent; a
• a waxy, low pour residual fuel oil which has given particularly good results as the minor constituent of the claimed blend is that known as No. 6 Fuel Oil which has an API gravity of about 12.3, a Furol viscosity of 207.0 at 122F, a pour point of about 40F and a wax content of about 3 percent.
• the pour point depressant additives suitable in the practice of the invention comprise oil soluble ethylenevinyl fatty acid ester copolymers in which the fatty component of the ester has a carbon content of from about 2 to about 6, the copolymers having an average molecular weight of about 20,000 to about 31,000 determined as the Number Average Molecular Weight by the Membrane Osmometry Analytical Method, a vinyl fatty acid ester content of from about 24 to about 34 percent and a melt index of about 5 to about 28.
• the preferred copolymers are sold under the trade name of Elvax by the E. l. Du Pont de Nemours Company, the most suitable being Elvax 250 which contains 27 to 29 percent of vinyl acetate, has an inherent viscosity at F.
• the pour depressant 1s then umformly 28 33 3 dispersed in the fuel oil by injecting it into the residuum 310 24-26 335-465 run downstream in the refinery process area.
• the comggg 2152 ponent to which the pour depressant has been added is 410 174 9 5 3 then thoroughly mixed with the other component of the 460 17-19 214-9 blend.
• Tables IV and V below show the average pour points of dupliate samples at 0, 3 weeks, 6 weeks and i mm as in d by ASTM 1328 difi d 20 3 months. These data show that the blends produced by the invention desirably remain stable over storage The specific properties of the oils used in examples times of a least up to three months.
• Fuel Blend 1 Process for producing a low pour point, low sulfur of a low waxy, low pour, residual fuel oil, bringing one of said oils to a temperature of between about 200 and 400F.; adding to the said oil a pour depressant consisting of an oil soluble, ethylene-vinyl fatty acid ester copolymer in which the fatty acid component of the ester has a carbon content of from about two to about six, said copolymer having a molecular weight of about 20,000 to about 31,000, a vinyl fatty acid ester content of from about 24 to about 34 percent and a melt index of about 5 to about 28; uniformly dispersing said copolymer in said oil at said temperature; and mixing said oils to produce a blend having a pour point substantially lower than either of said oils.
• a pour depressant consisting of an oil soluble, ethylene-vinyl fatty acid ester copolymer in which the fatty acid component of the ester has a carbon content of from about two to about six, said copolymer
• a fuel oil blend characterized by a lowered pour point and a low sulfur content comprising a major amount of a high pour, waxy, residual fuel oil having a pour point of between about 80 and 120F. and a minor amount of a low waxy, low pour, residual fuel oil and an effective pour depressant amount of an oil soluble, ethylene-vinyl fatty acid ester copolymer in which the fatty acid component of the ester has a carbon content of from about two to about six, said copolymer having a molecular weight of between about 20,000 to about 31,000; a vinyl fatty acid ester content of from about 24 to 34 percent, and a melt index of about 5 to about 28.
• composition according to claim 2 wherein the said vinyl ester is vinyl acetate and wherein the said composition contains over percent by volume of the said high-pour fuel oil.
• composition of claim 2 containing 60 percent by volume of said high pour fuel oil and 40 percent by volume of said low pour fuel oil.
• composition of claim 2 wherein said high pour, residual fuel oil has an API gravity ranging between about 20.0 and about 25.0; a sulfur content between about 0.40 weight percent and about 0.96 weight percent; a Furol viscosity at 122F. of about 60 to about 230; a flash point of between 300 and 450F. and a wax content of between about 10 and 20 percent; said low waxy, low pour residual fuel oil having an API gravity of about 10.0 to about 15.0; a Furol viscosity at 122F. of about 150 to about 250; a flash point of about 220 to about 350F.; a pour point of about 25F.
• a wax content of about 2 to about 5 weight perfuel oil blend comprising blending a major amount of 50 cent and a sulfur content of between about 0.50 and a high pour, waxy residual fuel oil having a pour point of between about 80 and l20F.; and a minor amount about 0.90 weight percent.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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ID=21962813

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (9)

Citations (2)

• 1970
  • 1970-06-25 US US00049991A patent/US3792984A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1971
  • 1971-06-22 DE DE19712130816 patent/DE2130816A1/de active Pending
  • 1971-06-24 CH CH923771A patent/CH557869A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1971-06-25 CA CA116722A patent/CA934549A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-06-25 AT AT552271A patent/AT309645B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1971-08-13 BR BR5237/71A patent/BR7105237D0/pt unknown

Patent Citations (2)

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