US379125A - Peters - Google Patents

Description

I. PFAFP. 2 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

WINDMILL.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. I. L. PPAFF.

WINDMILL.

No. 379,125. Patented Mar. 6, 18 88.

WITNESSES.

N. vnina Pholo-l ihng pher. Washinglon, n a

UNITED STATES (Enron;

ISAAG PFAFF, OF DANSVILLE, NEW YORK."

WINDMILL.

- $PBCIPICATIN'formingpart of Letters Patent No. 379,125, dated March 6. 1888.

Application filed June 29, 1887.

Serial No. 242,884. (No model.)

useful Improvements in Windmills; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

- clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification,in which-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved windmill and vane. Fig. 2 is a top or plan viewof the same, in dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section through the wheels and gearing on line or 00, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on line 3/ y, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a View of one of the wheel-hubs detached. This invention relates to improvements in turbine wind wheels; and it has for its objects to improve the construction of the wheels, to employ a double pair of oppositely revolving wheels, and which can be employed independentlyof each other or together to operate the driving-shaft of the mill, and to improve the vane thereof so that it. will yield quickly to violent gusts of wind, whereby the danger of the mill being blown down by reason of a sudden blast of wind striking the vane and wheels broadside will be obviated.

To these ends the invention consists in thepeculiar and novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, illustrated in the drawings, and particularly specified in the claims hereto appended.

Referring to the drawings by-letters, A designates a vertical fixed shaft rising from suitable supports, (not shown in the drawings,) and having a reduced portion, a, near its upper end, and astill more reduced portion, B, above portion a, the junctions of the portions forming shoulders I) c, hereinafter referred to.

O designates a hub, preferably of metal, fitted upon portion B of shaft A, and supported thereon by abutting against shoulder c, as shown. This hub is prevented from vertical play by means of a collar and set-screw, D, as shown. From diametrically-opposite points of hub O extend arms or shafts E E, which have shoulders e formed on them near their junction with hub O. The shafts E E stand in line with showing the vane displaced each other, and the lateral movement of one shaft E will, through hub O, correspondingly but oppositely move the opposite shaft, so that said shafts will always be diametrically opposite each other on hub G. On one shaft E is a wi nd-wheel, and on the other shaft is a wheel and vane, as hereinafter described.

F designates a hollow shaft mounted loosely on portion a of shaft A, below hub O, and supported thereon by abutting against shoulder b, or in other suitable manner, so that it can rotate freely thereon. At the upper end of shaft F,'just below hub G when the latter is in position, is a bevel'gear, f, by means of which the shaft F is rotated.

G G designate the wind-wheels, which are constructed and mounted on shafts E E as follows:

H designates a' spool-shaped hub, provided at its opposite ends with upstanding annular flanges h h, as shown. These flanges h h are radially and angularly slotted, as shown, and in these slots are secured the inner ends of the propeller-shaped blades I I, which are set diagonally across the hubs H, by engaging in different opposite slots in flanges h h, as shown. By reason of the spool shape of hubs H H the blades I I are firmly supported thereby and the weight of the hubs greatly reduced. The wheels G G are constructed similarly, but are placed on the shafts E E on opposite sides of the hub, so that they face in opposite directions-that is, one wheel revolves to the right and the other to the left. On the inner ends or faces of hubs H H are formed or rigidly secured bevel-gears J J, which are adapted to mesh with the gear f and actuate the shaft F. The wheels G, being on opposite sides of wheel f and rotated in opposite directions, will impart the same direction of rotation to shaft F, as is evident. The wheels G G are kept from longitudinal displacement on shafts E E by means of collars K and set-bolts k therein, so that by properly adjusting these collars the gears J can be held in or out of engagement with gear f. The gears J J are prevented from binding on hub O by reason of the shoulders e of shafts E, as shown.

It will be observed that both wheels rotate independently of each others shaft, and that each revolves on, and not with, its supporting-shaft. Consequently I am able to make these parts of my mill much lighter than would be the case if the shafts had to revolve, and thus greatlylighten the weight of the mill and attain a light running or action of the wheels G. The wind, escaping through the front wheel, E, strikes the blade of the inner wheel and revolves the latter, as is evident.

If desired, only one wheel E may be employed in running the mill, the other being disengaged, as described. By this means the mill can be run with more or less power, as may be required.

L designates the vane, which consists of an inner supporting fixed portion, Z, and an outer adjustable portion, M. hinged to the outer edge of part l, as shown. The part Z is provided centrally and longitudinally with a sleeve, m, which fits over the extended end of one shaft E and secures the vane in position thereon.

On the faces of partsZand M opposite their hinges are arranged the devices for adjusting part M, and thereby throwing the mill into or out of working position, and for regulating its movements in fluctuating winds. These devices are as follows:

N designates a short horizontal bar on part 1, playing through a guide, a, thereon and pivoted or hinged at its outer endto an outstanding hinge, O, on part M. The inner end of bar N is connected by a link, 0, with a vertical hanging lever, P, about centrally thereof, as shown. This lever P is pivoted to the part Z at its upper end, and its lower end passes through a suitable guide or keeper, 1), below link 0. The lower end of lever P is connected to ropes Q Q, which pass through eyes q q near opposite ends of part Z. By means of these ropes and eyes the lever P can be shifted. The outward movement of lever P, acting through its connections upon part M, causes the latter to turn on its hinges and swing to a position at right angles to part Z and in line with wheels E E. (Shown in dot ted lines, Fig. 2.) \Vhen in this position the mill is out of working position, as the wind does not strike the wheelsG G properly to actuate them. It is obvious that by retracting lever P the part M of vane L will be brought back to its proper position and the mill be ready for action.

In order to permit the yielding of the vane when subjected to fluctuating winds, and yet hold part M in normal position independently of ropes Q Q, I provide a spring, It, one end of which is fastened to the part Z, the other end to part M on the same side of the vane as the adjusting devices. Now,it is obvious that when part M is swung around, as indicated,

tension will be put on spring R, and when the displacing power is released the spring will return the part M to proper position. Now,

should the vane be struck broadside by the wind,the part M, which is thelarger and main part of the vane, would yield to the wind and relieve the shock and consequent danger to the mill and turn the wheels to face the wind gently and not violently, spring R aiding this action of the vane.

The lower end of shaft F may be provided with suitable gearing or other connecting devices for imparting the force of the mill to the desired machinery.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. In a windmill, the combination of the fixed shaft carrying a revoluble driving-shaft, and a hub above thelatter shaft provided with diametricallyopposite arms, with the oppositely-facing wheels mounted on said arms, respectively, and the gearing between the hubs of said wheels and the revoluble shaft, allsubstantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a windmill, the combination of the fixed inner vertical shaft carrying the exterior drivingshaft provided with a bevel-gear at top, and a revoluble hub mounted on said inner shaft above the driving'shaft and having diametrieally-opposite arms, with the oppositely-facing wheels loosely mounted on the arms of said hub and provided with bevel-gears on their inner ends for engaging the gear of the driving-shaft and rotating the same, and a vane on one of said arms outside its wheel, all substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with the main supporting-shaft A, the hollow shaft F,andits gearf, mounted thereon, of the hub 0, ha ving opposite arms E E, journaled on shaft A above shalt F, with the opposite wind-wheels G, loosely mounted on arms E E,and provided with gears for engaging the gear f, each of said wheels being longitudinally adjustable on its arm E, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as described.

4. In a windmill, the combination, with the revoluble support for the wind-wheels, of the vane L, composed of an inner fixed portion, Z, mounted upon the wheel-support outside the wheel, and an outer enlarged portion, M, hinged to part Z, as described, and the devices for shifting part M, consisting of the hinge O on part M, the pivoted lever P on part Z, the connecting-link between said lever and hinge, and the actuating-rope for said lever, and the controlling-spring R, for the parts of the vane, all constructed and arranged to operate sub stantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ISAAC L. PFAFF.

Vitnesses:

A. L. LA BOYTENAX, J osEPH KRAMER.

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