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US3769942A - Method of regulating the temperature of superheated steam in a steam generator - Google Patents

Method of regulating the temperature of superheated steam in a steam generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3769942A
US3769942A US00217301A US3769942DA US3769942A US 3769942 A US3769942 A US 3769942A US 00217301 A US00217301 A US 00217301A US 3769942D A US3769942D A US 3769942DA US 3769942 A US3769942 A US 3769942A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
water
steam
evaporator
preheater
duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00217301A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Brehler
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
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Publication of US3769942A publication Critical patent/US3769942A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/06—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B35/10—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type
    • F22B35/104—Control systems by injecting water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/06—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B35/10—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [30] Foreign Application priority Data
  • the water which is injected into the steam is obtained Jan 13 1971 German P 21 563 4 from the delivery side of the circulatmg pump.
  • the pump When y the pump is inoperative, e.g. at high load, the water is 7 obtained from a point upstream of the feed water prev H 2, heater. Valves are also provided to regulate the amount Field G, 5 S, of injected water in dependence on the steam temperature.
  • Steam generators have been known to operate with a forced flow of working medium through an evaporator (as herein defined) and with a superimposed water circulation through the evaporator by means of at least one circulating pump.
  • the pump has generally been supplied with feed water on the suction side.
  • it has been proposed to regulate the temperature of the superheated steam produced in such steam generators by water injection at one or more positions along the high pressure superheater.
  • Proposals have also been made to regulate the superheated steam temperature by means of water injection into the reheater.
  • the water for injection has been obtained from a point upstream of the position at which the feed water enters the feed water preheater.
  • the pressure differential on the injection valve is no longer sufficient to feed the amounts of water required for regulating the temperature of the superheated steam.
  • the injection water does not pass through the feed water preheater to cool the preheater so that the exhaust gas tempeature and thus the exhaust of flue gas is increased.
  • the invention provides a method of regulating the temperature of superheated steam in a steam generator with forced flow of working medium through the evaporator (as hereindefined) and with superimposed water circulation through the evaporator by means of at least one circulating pump by injecting water obtained from the delivery side of the pump into the superheated steam while feed water is supplied to the suction side of the pump.
  • the pressure head across the evaporator of the steam generator which may amount to seven atmospheres, will be available for water injection.
  • the whole of the feed water supplied to the steam generator passes through the feed water preheater to cool the preheater.
  • the evaporator pipes forming the combustion chamber walls are normally disposed in vertical configuration. Accordingly, the entire flow cross-section for the working medium is defined by the number of parallelconnected evaporator tubes and their individual crosssections. If the generator capacity and tube crosssections of the evaporator are in such a ratio to each other that a simple forced through-flow is sufficient within the upper load region for satisfactory cooling of the tubes, while the circulating pump has to be switched on within the lower load region, then it is possible within the upper load region that the loss in pressure between the evaporator inlet and the place of injection is not sufficient for feeding in of the required amounts of injection water. In this case, a further extraction of injection water from either the delivery duct of the circulating pump or from the feeding duct ahead of the feed water pre-heater takes place.
  • evaporator as used herein is intended to include the equivalent components in supercritical steam generators, .usually afforded by the tubes of the combustion chamber walls.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a forced throughflow steam generator with superimposed circulation according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a forcedcirculation steam generator according to the invention.
  • the steam generator includes a feed pump l which delivers feed water into a feed water preheater 2 and a mixer 3 which receives the feed water after flowing through the feed water preheater 2.
  • the mixer 3 connects to a circulating pump 4 through a suctionbranch or duct 5 by which the feed water is drawn into the pump 4 and delivered through 'tor 8 to a water separator 10 so 'as to deliver the steam water mixture formed in the evaporator to the separator 10 for separation.
  • a duct 11 connects the separator 10 to the mixer 3 to conduct the discharge water into the mixer 3 for mixing with the pre-heated feed water.
  • a duct 12 connects the water separator 10 to a first stage 13 of a superheater to deliver the steam flow thereto, then to a second stage 14 and finally through a third stage 15 of the superheater and a live steam duct 16 to a steam turbine (not shown).
  • An injection water duct 26 extends from the delivery duct 6 on the delivery side of the circulating pump 4 to two injection positions 17 and 18 which are disposed between the superheater stages 13 and 14 and between the superheater stages 14 and 15, respectively.
  • a second injection water duct 29 branches from the feed line between the feed pump 1 and the feed water preheater 2 and also extends to the injection positions 17 and 18.
  • three-way valves 19, 20 are provided at the junctions between the two injection water ducts 26 and 29.
  • An injection valve 21, adjusted by means of a controller 22 in dependence upon the steam temperature at the exit of the second superheater stage 14 is provided between the three-way valve 19 and the injection position 17.
  • a temperature sensing element 23 which measures the steam temperature is connected by a signal line to the controller 22.
  • There is a similar injection valve 24 between the three-way valve 20 and the injection position 18 which is adjusted by a controller 28 in dependence upon the steamtemperature at the exit of the third superheater stage 15 as measured by a temperature sensing element 25
  • the three-way valves 19 and 20 are adjusted so that the injection water which flows towards the injection positions 17 and 18 is obtained through the injection duct 26 from the delivery branch 6. As the temperatures at the exits of the stages 14 and 15 rise, the amount of injection water is increased and vice versa. If the circulating pump 4 is inoperative, such as when the steam generator operates at high load, the three-way valves 19 and 20 are adjusted so that the injection positions 17 and 18 communicate with the second injection water duct 29 so that the injection water may then be obtained upstream of the feed water preheater 2. In this case also, increasing temperatures at the exits of the stages 14 and 15 increase the amount of injection water.
  • a duct 31 connects the feed water preheater 2 to a boiler drum 32 to deliver a preheated water flow thereto.
  • a three-way valve 33 is also provided in the duct 31 to permit adjustment of the flow of feed water so that the whole of the feed water can be directed either to the water chamber or to the steam chamber of the drum 32.
  • the feed water flow may also be sub-divided into two part flows by utilizing the valve 33.
  • the water separated in the boiler drum 32 is drawn by the circulating pump 4 through the suction branch and, in the same way as for the steam generator illustrated in FIG. 1, is supplied through the delivery branch 6 to the inlet headers 7.
  • Two injection water ducts 26 and 29 are also provided in this case but non-return valves 36 and 39 are provided in place of three-way valves.
  • the superheater in this example is sub-divided into only two stages 13 and 15 and only one injection position 18 which is between the two stages.
  • the amount of injection water supplied to the injection position 18 is adjusted by means of the injection valve 24.
  • the valve 24 is controlled by a controller 28 in dependence upon the steam temperature which prevails at the exit of stage 15 as measured by a temperature sensing element 25.
  • the temperature of the superheated steam is regulated in the same sense as described in relation to FIG. 1 for the injection position 18 but because of the presence of the non-return valves 36 and 39 injection water is automatically obtained through the second injection water duct 29 when the circulating pump 4 is shut down.
  • the steam generators may be provided with additional regulating means, such as, tilting burners and flue gas return ducts, operating independently of the system for regulating the temperature of superheated steam by water injection.
  • additional regulating means such as, tilting burners and flue gas return ducts, operating independently of the system for regulating the temperature of superheated steam by water injection.
  • Reheaters may also be provided.
  • the number of superheater stages and injection positions can be varied.
  • two or more circulating pumps may be provided instead of a single circulating pump.
  • a method of regulating the temperature of superheated steam in a steam generator with forced flow of working medium through an evaporator from a feed pump and with superimposed water circulation through the evaporator by means of at least one circulating pump comprising the steps of supplying the working medium to a suction side of said circulating pump and of injecting water obtained from the delivery side of the circulating pump into the superheated steam.
  • a steam generator comprising a feed water preheater
  • a feed pump for delivering feed water to said preheater
  • a circulating pump interconnected between said preheater and said evaporator, said pump having a suction duct for drawing with into said circulating pump and a delivery duct for 'expelling water to said evaporator;
  • a steam generator as set forth in claim 4 which further comprises a temperature measuring means connected between said superheater and said valve for controlling said valve in response to a measured temperature of steam in said superheater.
  • a steam generator as set forthjn claim 3 which further comprises a duct connected between said preheater and said feed pump and connected to said superheater to deliver feed water thereto, and a valve in said duct for controlling the flow of water therethrough.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
US00217301A 1971-01-14 1972-01-12 Method of regulating the temperature of superheated steam in a steam generator Expired - Lifetime US3769942A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712101563 DE2101563A1 (de) 1971-01-14 1971-01-14 Verfahren zur Regelung der Heiß dampftemperatur bei Strahlungsdampfer zeuger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3769942A true US3769942A (en) 1973-11-06

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US00217301A Expired - Lifetime US3769942A (en) 1971-01-14 1972-01-12 Method of regulating the temperature of superheated steam in a steam generator

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3769942A (xx)
JP (1) JPS542326B1 (xx)
AU (1) AU462576B2 (xx)
BE (1) BE777951A (xx)
CA (1) CA942143A (xx)
CH (1) CH546378A (xx)
DE (1) DE2101563A1 (xx)
ES (1) ES398799A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2122223A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1309717A (xx)
IT (1) IT946525B (xx)
NL (1) NL154586B (xx)
SE (1) SE366384B (xx)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144846A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-03-20 Sulzer Brothers Ltd. Forced-flow steam generator
US4325328A (en) * 1979-08-22 1982-04-20 Sulzer Brothers Limited Vapor generator having a pair of combustion chambers
US6173679B1 (en) * 1997-06-30 2001-01-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Waste-heat steam generator
US20030221637A1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2003-12-04 Van Dongen Franciscus Gerardus Process for heating system
CN102230612A (zh) * 2011-07-19 2011-11-02 山东森普瑞石油装备有限公司 高干度注汽锅炉及注汽方法
US20130305722A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-11-21 Alstom Technology Ltd Method of operating a steam power plant at low load
WO2017090046A1 (en) * 2015-11-24 2017-06-01 Goldshtein Lev Method and system of combined power plant for waste heat conversion to electrical energy, heating and cooling
CN110384943A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2019-10-29 深圳市冠融辰环保科技有限公司 一种多效负压蒸发器中高温出盐效的出盐防堵塞装置
US11092332B2 (en) 2017-12-08 2021-08-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems
US11092331B2 (en) * 2017-12-08 2021-08-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems
US11242987B2 (en) 2017-12-08 2022-02-08 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems
US11506378B2 (en) 2017-12-08 2022-11-22 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2401380A1 (fr) * 1977-08-23 1979-03-23 Sulzer Ag Generateur de vapeur a circulation forcee

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2263687A (en) * 1938-05-07 1941-11-25 Askania Werke Ag Vapor generator or boiler
US2321390A (en) * 1938-12-13 1943-06-08 Sulzer Ag Flow-through tubular steam generator
US3064630A (en) * 1958-05-22 1962-11-20 Su Zer Freres S A Method and apparatus for operating a forced flow steam generator having a water separator interposed in its tube system
US3111936A (en) * 1959-09-16 1963-11-26 Sulzer Ag Heat exchange control apparatus
US3464393A (en) * 1966-10-28 1969-09-02 Svenska Maskinverken Ab Steam generator with forced circulation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2263687A (en) * 1938-05-07 1941-11-25 Askania Werke Ag Vapor generator or boiler
US2321390A (en) * 1938-12-13 1943-06-08 Sulzer Ag Flow-through tubular steam generator
US3064630A (en) * 1958-05-22 1962-11-20 Su Zer Freres S A Method and apparatus for operating a forced flow steam generator having a water separator interposed in its tube system
US3111936A (en) * 1959-09-16 1963-11-26 Sulzer Ag Heat exchange control apparatus
US3464393A (en) * 1966-10-28 1969-09-02 Svenska Maskinverken Ab Steam generator with forced circulation

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144846A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-03-20 Sulzer Brothers Ltd. Forced-flow steam generator
US4325328A (en) * 1979-08-22 1982-04-20 Sulzer Brothers Limited Vapor generator having a pair of combustion chambers
US6173679B1 (en) * 1997-06-30 2001-01-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Waste-heat steam generator
US20030221637A1 (en) * 2000-05-19 2003-12-04 Van Dongen Franciscus Gerardus Process for heating system
US6840199B2 (en) * 2000-05-19 2005-01-11 Shell Oil Company Process for heating system
CN102230612A (zh) * 2011-07-19 2011-11-02 山东森普瑞石油装备有限公司 高干度注汽锅炉及注汽方法
US20130305722A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-11-21 Alstom Technology Ltd Method of operating a steam power plant at low load
US9140143B2 (en) * 2011-11-03 2015-09-22 Alstom Technology Ltd Method of operating a steam power plant at low load
WO2017090046A1 (en) * 2015-11-24 2017-06-01 Goldshtein Lev Method and system of combined power plant for waste heat conversion to electrical energy, heating and cooling
US10835836B2 (en) 2015-11-24 2020-11-17 Lev GOLDSHTEIN Method and system of combined power plant for waste heat conversion to electrical energy, heating and cooling
AU2016359565B2 (en) * 2015-11-24 2021-11-04 Yakov Elgart Method and system of combined power plant for waste heat conversion to electrical energy, heating and cooling
US11092332B2 (en) 2017-12-08 2021-08-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems
US11092331B2 (en) * 2017-12-08 2021-08-17 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems
US11242987B2 (en) 2017-12-08 2022-02-08 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems
US11506378B2 (en) 2017-12-08 2022-11-22 General Electric Technology Gmbh Once-through evaporator systems
CN110384943A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2019-10-29 深圳市冠融辰环保科技有限公司 一种多效负压蒸发器中高温出盐效的出盐防堵塞装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU462576B2 (en) 1975-06-26
AU3773172A (en) 1973-07-12
CH546378A (de) 1974-02-28
DE2101563A1 (de) 1972-10-19
NL7200195A (xx) 1972-07-18
BE777951A (fr) 1972-07-12
IT946525B (it) 1973-05-21
FR2122223A5 (xx) 1972-08-25
ES398799A1 (es) 1974-08-16
NL154586B (nl) 1977-09-15
JPS542326B1 (xx) 1979-02-06
SE366384B (xx) 1974-04-22
GB1309717A (en) 1973-03-14
CA942143A (en) 1974-02-19

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