US3769106A - Igniter composition - Google Patents
Igniter composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3769106A US3769106A US00181641A US3769106DA US3769106A US 3769106 A US3769106 A US 3769106A US 00181641 A US00181641 A US 00181641A US 3769106D A US3769106D A US 3769106DA US 3769106 A US3769106 A US 3769106A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- chlorate
- igniter
- iron
- borax
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- ZPKLYVJENOZRAW-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+);dichlorate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O ZPKLYVJENOZRAW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 alkaline earth metal chlorates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100390736 Danio rerio fign gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100390738 Mus musculus Fign gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QFIGQGUHYKRFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trichlorate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O QFIGQGUHYKRFAI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- LHOWRPZTCLUDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triperchlorate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O LHOWRPZTCLUDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/06—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt
Definitions
- an exothermic gas generating composition is pro- 5 from any of the incompletely hydrated forms of Na B- vided with a more readily ignitable composition which,
- the amount of borax to be used depends upon the in conjunction with an ordinary fuse or electric match, degree of suppression of the propagation rate that it is provides the ignition train for the ignition of the main desired to obtain.
- small amounts of body of gas generating material See for example, U.S. borax will produce some effect and 5 percent of borax Pat. Nos. 2,98l,6l6, M. H. Boyer, for Gas Generator has been found to produce over 50 percent reduction Grain, Apr. 25, 1961 3,293,187, M.
- the igniter obviously must be more readily igcontained, instead of the borax, an additional 5 percent nited than the main mass of pyrotechnic material and or iron, chlorate, or aluminum oxide, respectively.
- Sim i i i mixtures f fi l powdered metals such as ilar results were obtained with the borax containing iron, boron, titainium, zirconium, or magnesium tocomposition X when compared with the comparable gether with a suitable oxidizing agent such as a chlorate 40 non-borax containing composition IX.
- borax produced a greater reduction in propagation rate than any other additive tested (Formulations V-VIII) DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION which include both boron containing and highly hydrated compounds.
- borax appears The incorporation of borax into an iron-chlorate igto be unique to iron-chlorate compositions since tests niter com ositi s b i ll reduces h pmpagahave shown it not to function with the iron-perchlorate tion rate of the composition and produces an ash which equivaleht with y of the conventional trat is highly adherent both to itself and to the composition g thermite, BKNOa aluminumupon which it is deposited.
- This invention is usable in Perchlorate-vegetable Oil (Al fign r ystems.
- the iron-chlorate igniter compositions which consist of while this invention has been described with respect a mixture f i d a h1 i ll an li or to various embodiments thereof, it should not be conalkaline earth metal chlorate.
- the actual composition sh'ued as beihg limited Yarious odifications of the igniter mixture can be varied widely to obtain can be made y Workers Skilled in the art thout devariation in characteristics such as ignitability, for ex- P g from the PP of'the nti n which is limited ample, as is known to the art; but to function as an igy y the following ClalmS he eln:
- the ratio of iron to the chlorate should be on the I ciaiml I fuel-rich side of stoichiometric. If the composition conlin an ron-Chlorate igniter composition comprising ⁇ gins other oxidizable compounds uch as a binder of a fuel-rich mixture Of il'Oll and metal chlorates, the imdextrin, for example, sufficient chlorate should be pro- P m n herein said composition contains a burnvided to fully oxidize the oxidizable species while still s fate retarding amount of maintaining an overall fuel-rich mixture of iron to chlo-
- said metal rate, A a general l h more f L i h h ichlorate is selected from the group consisting of alkali tion, the easier it is to ignite.
- the composition of claim 3 wherein said ronmaterials are compounded in the form of a paste with chlorate igniter composition further comprises inert water and then either applied to the surface to be igstructural reinforcement.
- composition of claim 3 wherein said iron- 6.
- composition of claim 4 wherein said ironchlorate igniter composition further comprises inert chlorate igniter composition further comprises inert ash forming agents. ash forming agents.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
Abstract
An exothermic pyrotechnic composition suitable for the ignition of gas generating candles to be used for the generation of gases in a confined volume is disclosed. The incorporation of borax into a conventional iron-chlorate type igniter composition substantially reduces the propagation rate and causes the formation of a highly adherent slag. Taken together, these features reduce the likelihood of the igniter compound exploding from the surface of the material to be ignited and of the generation of gases from the ignited composition at a rate sufficient to overpressurize the volume.
Description
[ Oct. 30, 1973 Hyer [ IGNITER COMPOSITION [75] Inventor: Harry J. Hyer, Los Gatos, Calif.
[73] Assignee: United Aircraft Corporation,
Hartford, Conn.
[22] Filed: Sept. 17, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 181,641
[52] U.S. Cl 149/18, 149/37, 149/42, 149/44, 149/85 [51] Int. Cl. C06c 9/00 [58] Field of Search 149/18, 37, 42, 44, 149/85 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,545,076 3/1951 Ellenbogen 149/85 X 3,046,728 7/1962 Fitzpatrick 149/37 X 3,160,537 12/1964 Trafton 149/37 3,259,972 7/1966 Long 149/37 X 3,338,763 8/1967 Kristal [49/85 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 20,494 10/1910 Great Britain 149/85 Primary ExaminerCarl D. Quarforth Assistant Examiner'E. A. Miller Attorney-Steven F. Stone [57] ABSTRACT An exothermic pyrotechnic composition suitable for the ignition of gas generating candles to be used for the generation of gases in a confined volume is disclosedv The incorporation of borax into a conventional iron-chlorate type igniter composition substantially reduces the propagation rate and causes the formation of a highly adherent slag. Taken together, these features reduce the likelihood of the igniter compound exploding from the surface of the material to be ignited and of the generation of gases from the ignited composition at a rate sufficient to overpressurize the volume.
6 Claims, No Drawings 3 ,769 106 1 2 IGNITER COMPOSITION nited or compacted into the proper shape and then ap- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION plied to the surface to be ignited and dried thereon. Since the igniter is normally compounded with water,
In various gas generating systems known to the prior the borax can be added as such or can be formed in situ art, an exothermic gas generating composition is pro- 5 from any of the incompletely hydrated forms of Na B- vided with a more readily ignitable composition which, The amount of borax to be used depends upon the in conjunction with an ordinary fuse or electric match, degree of suppression of the propagation rate that it is provides the ignition train for the ignition of the main desired to obtain. Thus, for example, small amounts of body of gas generating material. See for example, U.S. borax will produce some effect and 5 percent of borax Pat. Nos. 2,98l,6l6, M. H. Boyer, for Gas Generator has been found to produce over 50 percent reduction Grain, Apr. 25, 1961 3,293,187, M. M. Markowitz, in the propagation rate of a comparable material with- Oxygen Generating Products, Dec. 20, 1966 or R. M. out the borax. Higher amounts of borax could also be Bovard et al., 3,5 l6,797 for Chemical Oxygen Generaused but, in most cases, it is not necessary to reduce the tor, June 23, 1970. Satisfactory ignition of these types rate below that obtained with about 5 percent borax. of pyrotechnic mixtures as well as of the thermite type 5 The effect of borax on typical igniter compositions is compositions require that an igniter material of high readily apparent from the inspection of Table I which caloric output be held in intimate contact with the mass contains results of two runs for each composition.
TABLE 1 (Percent by weight) I 11 Ill IV V VI Vll VIll I IX X Fe 30 3O 30 3O 30 30 6O 57 NaClO;,.. 32 32 37 32 32 32 32 32 32 35.l5 M 0 27 27 27 32 27 27 27 27 2 1.9 Dextrin 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 l 0.95
Asbestos N82B401' v HqBO-g NaJPOQ' lOH-O. (ammo kiiiikfiifrmi "as "473 "'51s "4:5" 4:9 6.9 4.7 3.7 H. Rate (in/min), run 2 6.] 4 7 5.9 4.4 4 4 6 5 4.8 3.8 l 7 of pyrotechnic material to be ignited for a period of As can be seen, Formulation 1 containing 5 percent time sufficient to permit the initiation of self-sustaining borax had a substantially lower propagation rate than exothermic reaction in the body of the pyrotechnic ma- 35 any of the comparable Formulation II, III or IV which terial. The igniter obviously must be more readily igcontained, instead of the borax, an additional 5 percent nited than the main mass of pyrotechnic material and or iron, chlorate, or aluminum oxide, respectively. Sim i i i mixtures f fi l powdered metals such as ilar results were obtained with the borax containing iron, boron, titainium, zirconium, or magnesium tocomposition X when compared with the comparable gether with a suitable oxidizing agent such as a chlorate 40 non-borax containing composition IX. In a d t or hl i h or ith t inert a h forming, borax produced a greater reduction in propagation rate than any other additive tested (Formulations V-VIII) DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION which include both boron containing and highly hydrated compounds. Further, the effect of borax appears The incorporation of borax into an iron-chlorate igto be unique to iron-chlorate compositions since tests niter com ositi s b i ll reduces h pmpagahave shown it not to function with the iron-perchlorate tion rate of the composition and produces an ash which equivaleht with y of the conventional trat is highly adherent both to itself and to the composition g thermite, BKNOa aluminumupon which it is deposited. This invention is usable in Perchlorate-vegetable Oil (Al fign r ystems.
the iron-chlorate igniter compositions which consist of while this invention has been described with respect a mixture f i d a h1 i ll an li or to various embodiments thereof, it should not be conalkaline earth metal chlorate. The actual composition sh'ued as beihg limited Yarious odifications of the igniter mixture can be varied widely to obtain can be made y Workers Skilled in the art thout devariation in characteristics such as ignitability, for ex- P g from the PP of'the nti n which is limited ample, as is known to the art; but to function as an igy y the following ClalmS he eln:
niter, the ratio of iron to the chlorate should be on the I ciaiml I fuel-rich side of stoichiometric. If the composition conlin an ron-Chlorate igniter composition comprising {gins other oxidizable compounds uch as a binder of a fuel-rich mixture Of il'Oll and metal chlorates, the imdextrin, for example, sufficient chlorate should be pro- P m n herein said composition contains a burnvided to fully oxidize the oxidizable species while still s fate retarding amount of maintaining an overall fuel-rich mixture of iron to chlo- The composition f claim 1 wherein said metal rate, A a general l h more f L i h h ichlorate is selected from the group consisting of alkali tion, the easier it is to ignite. In addition to the iron, and alkaline earth metal chlorates. I chlorate and an organic binder, various amounts of ash cohipositioh eh claim 2 wherein a d r nforming and/or reinforcing materials such as aluminum chlorate g composition further bbmpl'lses ah oxide, asbestos and chopped glass fibers, for example, genie bindefmay be added as is known to the art. Typically, these 4. The composition of claim 3 wherein said ronmaterials are compounded in the form of a paste with chlorate igniter composition further comprises inert water and then either applied to the surface to be igstructural reinforcement.
5. The composition of claim 3 wherein said iron- 6. The composition of claim 4 wherein said ironchlorate igniter composition further comprises inert chlorate igniter composition further comprises inert ash forming agents. ash forming agents.
Claims (5)
- 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said metal chlorate is selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal chlorates.
- 3. The composition of claim 2 wherein said iron-chlorate igniter composition further comprises an organic binder.
- 4. The composition of claim 3 wherein said iron-chlorate igniter composition further comprises inert structural reinforcement.
- 5. The composition of claim 3 wherein said iron-chlorate igniter composition further comprises inert ash forming agents.
- 6. The composition of claim 4 wherein said iron-chlorate igniter composition further comprises inert ash forming agents.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18164171A | 1971-09-17 | 1971-09-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3769106A true US3769106A (en) | 1973-10-30 |
Family
ID=22665149
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00181641A Expired - Lifetime US3769106A (en) | 1971-09-17 | 1971-09-17 | Igniter composition |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3769106A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5115090B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE788847A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA981470A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH575353A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2244870A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK127692B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2153071B3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1393911A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL39848A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT967488B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7209982A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6086693A (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-07-11 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Low particulate igniter composition for a gas generant |
| US6448628B2 (en) | 1988-05-31 | 2002-09-10 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Chip decoupling capacitor |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS547576U (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1979-01-18 | ||
| DE102011116594B4 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2022-02-03 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of zirconium or a mixture containing zirconium |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191020494A (en) * | 1910-09-02 | 1910-10-20 | Carl Polster | Improved Explosive for Detonating Pellets and the like. |
| US2545076A (en) * | 1945-04-10 | 1951-03-13 | Ellenbogen Joseph | Repeatedly ignitible composition rod |
| US3046728A (en) * | 1953-11-25 | 1962-07-31 | Airtronics Inc | Hydrogen gas generating propellant compositions |
| US3160537A (en) * | 1961-10-12 | 1964-12-08 | Catalyst Research Corp | Heating composition |
| US3259972A (en) * | 1963-02-01 | 1966-07-12 | Whittaker Corp | Exoreactant material for bonding |
| US3338763A (en) * | 1965-05-03 | 1967-08-29 | Kristal Renee | Granulating process for pyrotechnics containing organic dyes and vinyl resins |
-
0
- BE BE788847D patent/BE788847A/en unknown
-
1971
- 1971-09-17 US US00181641A patent/US3769106A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-07-06 IL IL39848A patent/IL39848A/en unknown
- 1972-07-19 NL NL7209982A patent/NL7209982A/xx unknown
- 1972-07-26 GB GB3501772A patent/GB1393911A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-04 CA CA148,844A patent/CA981470A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-31 DK DK430472AA patent/DK127692B/en unknown
- 1972-09-01 JP JP47087829A patent/JPS5115090B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1972-09-11 CH CH1335672A patent/CH575353A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-09-12 FR FR7232915A patent/FR2153071B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-09-13 DE DE2244870A patent/DE2244870A1/en active Pending
- 1972-09-15 IT IT29229/72A patent/IT967488B/en active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB191020494A (en) * | 1910-09-02 | 1910-10-20 | Carl Polster | Improved Explosive for Detonating Pellets and the like. |
| US2545076A (en) * | 1945-04-10 | 1951-03-13 | Ellenbogen Joseph | Repeatedly ignitible composition rod |
| US3046728A (en) * | 1953-11-25 | 1962-07-31 | Airtronics Inc | Hydrogen gas generating propellant compositions |
| US3160537A (en) * | 1961-10-12 | 1964-12-08 | Catalyst Research Corp | Heating composition |
| US3259972A (en) * | 1963-02-01 | 1966-07-12 | Whittaker Corp | Exoreactant material for bonding |
| US3338763A (en) * | 1965-05-03 | 1967-08-29 | Kristal Renee | Granulating process for pyrotechnics containing organic dyes and vinyl resins |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6448628B2 (en) | 1988-05-31 | 2002-09-10 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Chip decoupling capacitor |
| US6086693A (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-07-11 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Low particulate igniter composition for a gas generant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH575353A5 (en) | 1976-05-14 |
| FR2153071A1 (en) | 1973-04-27 |
| IT967488B (en) | 1974-02-28 |
| CA981470A (en) | 1976-01-13 |
| JPS5115090B2 (en) | 1976-05-14 |
| BE788847A (en) | 1973-01-02 |
| GB1393911A (en) | 1975-05-14 |
| DK127692B (en) | 1973-12-17 |
| NL7209982A (en) | 1973-03-20 |
| IL39848A0 (en) | 1972-11-28 |
| JPS4836316A (en) | 1973-05-29 |
| DE2244870A1 (en) | 1973-03-22 |
| IL39848A (en) | 1975-10-15 |
| FR2153071B3 (en) | 1975-10-17 |
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