US3738018A - Drying arrangement on machines for coating supporting webs, more especially with photographic emulsions - Google Patents
Drying arrangement on machines for coating supporting webs, more especially with photographic emulsions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3738018A US3738018A US00241223A US3738018DA US3738018A US 3738018 A US3738018 A US 3738018A US 00241223 A US00241223 A US 00241223A US 3738018D A US3738018D A US 3738018DA US 3738018 A US3738018 A US 3738018A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rollers
- web
- peripheries
- closely adjacent
- suction box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
- F26B13/101—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts
- F26B13/103—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts with mechanical supporting means, e.g. belts, rollers, and fluid impingement arrangement having a displacing effect on the materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/24—Arrangements of devices using drying processes not involving heating
- F26B13/30—Arrangements of devices using drying processes not involving heating for applying suction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
Definitions
- This invention relates to a drying arrangement for machines for coating supporting webs, more especially with photographic emulsions.
- the arrangement comprises a duct in which the supporting web is guided over rotatable cylinders. These cylinders are set in rotation by the supporting web, which is advanced by separate feeding devices.
- the wrapping angle is just as significant with absorbent supports such as photographic papers which are coated on one side in the coating machine. Moistening on one side of the support leads to the known upward curling of the edges of the web, and the consequences of this curling, namely the bending over of the edges and cracking of the web. This can be avoided if wellwrapped guide rollers are arranged at not too large intervals, the web always being straightened again on said rollers.
- One known web-guiding element is the hollow suction device, with which the web is guided over a succession of rollers disposed closely adjacent one another, a vacuum being applied between the rollers, so that the web runs in undulated form over the roller path.
- a good wrapping angle is in this case provided for each roller. It is, however, too costly to equip an entire flat drier throughout its length with a hollow suction device. Furthermore, a considerable portion of the back of the web would be covered by the rollers and consequently the drying of the back, which is not to be neglected with an absorbent support, is undesirably impaired.
- FIG. 1 shows the two-roll hollow suction device in longitudinal section
- FIG. 2 shows it in cross-section
- FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic construction of the drying arrangement with a loop-like guiding of the web.
- a supporting web 1 coated with photographic emulsion runs over a pair of cylinders or rollers 2 and 3, which in conjunction with a suction box 4 and a suction pipe 5 form the two-roll hollow suction device 6.
- Suction box 4 has an arcuately pointed section disposed between and closely adjacent the peripheries of rollers 2 and 3.
- the rollers 2 and 3 are mounted with their journals 7 and 8 in the side members 9 and 10 of the suction box 4. Under the influence of the suction effect, the supporting web 1 wraps around the two rollers at an angle a.
- the web 1 is guided over a number of tworoll hollow suction devices 6, air cushion guiding arrangements 11 being provided at the deflection points on the coating side. At the other deflection points, where the coating is outermost, the web 1 is guided over guide rollers 12.
- the walls of the channel or duct are omitted from the Figure for the sake of clarity.
- a drying arrangement for coated webs being transported in a substantially linear path more especially coated with photographic emulsions comprising means for guiding and retaining the web upon,rotatable rollers, wherein at predetermined spaced intervals two-roll hollow suction devices are disposed in contact with said web for guiding and retaining it, said two-roll hollow suction devices eachcomprising a pair of freely rotatable cylindrical rollers having parallel axes and peripheries disposed closely adjacent each other, a suction box disposed closely adjacent and between the peripheries of said rollers on the side opposite said web and having an arcuately pointed section disposed centrally between and closely adjacent said peripheries of said rollers whereby the static air pressure between said peripheries is reduced below atmospheric pressure and the area of forceful contact of said web with said rollers is increased by the suction effect resulting from the differential between atmospheric pressure on the portion of said web remote from said rollers and the reduced pressure on the portion of said web between the peripheries of said rollers to pull
- a roller guide and retainer for an arrangement for drying webs comprising a pair of cylindrical rollers freely rotatably mounted in parallel axes with their peripheries disposed closely adjacent each other, a suction box disposed closely adjacent and between one side of said peripheries and having an arcuately pointed section disposed centrally between and closely adjacent said peripheries of said rollers, a web disposed in contact with said rollers on the side opposite from said suction box, a conduit connected to said suction box for exhausing air from it whereby the static air pressure between said peripheries and said web is reduced to increase the forceful contact between said supporting web and said peripheries of said rollers as a result of the differential between atmospheric pressure on the portion of said web remote from said rollers and the reduced pressure on the portion of said web between the peripheries of said rollers to pull said webs in firm rotationinducing contact with said rollers irrespective of with said side members.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A web coated with a photographic emulsion is supported for drying in a blast of hot air on spaced sets of two-roll hollow suction devices. A suction box having an arcuately pointed section disposed closely adjacent and between the peripheries of the rollers on the side opposite the web lowers the pressure between the web and the rollers to increase the force and area of rotation-inducing contact between the web and the rollers and to firmly guide and retain the web on the rollers irregardless of its orientation. This minimizes the number of rollers needed to support the web to increase the area of contact with the hot air and facilitating drying.
Description
United States Patent 1 [1 1 3,738,018 Herzhoff et al. [4 June 12, 1973 [54] DRYING ARRANGEMENT ON MACHINES 3,065,098 11/1962 Brooks 34/23 X FOR COATING SUPPORTING WEBS, MORE ESPECIALLY WITH PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS Inventors: Peter Herzhoff; Hans Gref; Wolfgang Schweieher; Max Heidenreich; Hans Frenken, all of Leverkusen, Germany AGFA-Gevaert Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen, Germany Filed: Apr. 5, 1972 Appl. No.: 241,223
Related U.S. Application Data Continuation of Ser. No. 861,412, Sept. 26, 1969, abandoned.
Assignee:
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10/1940 Haas 34/157 X Primary ExaminerMeyer Perlin Assistant ExaminerRonald C. Capossela Attorney-Connolly and l-lutz [57] ABSTRACT A web coated with a photographic emulsion is supported for drying in a blast of hot air on spaced sets of two-roll hollow suction devices. A suction box having an arcuately pointed section disposed closely adjacent and between the peripheries of the rollers on the side opposite the web lowers the pressure between the web and the rollers to increase the force and area of rotation-inducing contact between the web and the rollers and to firmly guide and retain the web on the rollers irregardless ofits orientation. This minimizes the number of rollers needed to support the web to increase the area of contact with the hot air and facilitating drying.
4 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures DRYING ARRANGEMENT ON MACHINES FOR COATING SUPPORTING WEBS, MORE ESPECIALLY WITII PHOTOGRAPIIIC EMULSIONS This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 861,412, filed Sept. 26, 1969, now abandoned.
This invention relates to a drying arrangement for machines for coating supporting webs, more especially with photographic emulsions. The arrangement comprises a duct in which the supporting web is guided over rotatable cylinders. These cylinders are set in rotation by the supporting web, which is advanced by separate feeding devices.
It is a known condition in connection with the construction of such cylinder or roller paths that a minimum wrapping angle has to be maintained for each cylinder. Relative speeds between the web and cylinder surface are avoided by this means. This is especially important with material sensitive to scratching, particu larly photographic films.
The wrapping angle is just as significant with absorbent supports such as photographic papers which are coated on one side in the coating machine. Moistening on one side of the support leads to the known upward curling of the edges of the web, and the consequences of this curling, namely the bending over of the edges and cracking of the web. This can be avoided if wellwrapped guide rollers are arranged at not too large intervals, the web always being straightened again on said rollers.
The known arcuate drying paths, e.g., the spiral web guiding arrangement, correspond to this condition. Modern developments, however, have resulted in socalled flat driers, in which the cylinder axes lie in one plane. These driers, which are of very simple construction, can be made of any desired length.
With a strong nozzle blowing section on one side, it is possible in a flat drier to obtain a sufficient wrapping for driving the cylinders by suitable matching of the impact pressure to the web surface and web tension. This is provided the bearing friction of the cylinders is kept low. The reliability of such a construction for the production of photographic films sensitive to scratching does, however, leave much to be desired. With paper coated on one side, however, this wrapping angle caused by the impact pressure is insufficient in order to counteract the aforementioned difficulties at the edges of the web.
One known web-guiding element is the hollow suction device, with which the web is guided over a succession of rollers disposed closely adjacent one another, a vacuum being applied between the rollers, so that the web runs in undulated form over the roller path. A good wrapping angle is in this case provided for each roller. It is, however, too costly to equip an entire flat drier throughout its length with a hollow suction device. Furthermore, a considerable portion of the back of the web would be covered by the rollers and consequently the drying of the back, which is not to be neglected with an absorbent support, is undesirably impaired.
It has now been found that the disadvantages of known drying arrangements can be avoided by the web being guided at prescribed intervals over two-roller hollow suction devices. The result thereby achieved is that the web can be guided through a flat drier of any desired length without involving heavy expense in construction or installation costs. Several flat driers equipped with two-roll hollow suction devices can in addition be connected in seriesin a manner known per se into a space-saving duct drier with loop-shaped guiding of the web. The deflection of the web into the next flat drier section is in this case always effected over air cushions with deflection of the layer side, so as to avoid damage, while the deflection of the web on the side op posite to the layer or coating takes place over rollers.
One embodiment of the drying arrangement according to the invention is now to be explained more fully by reference to a drawing, wherein:
FIG. 1 shows the two-roll hollow suction device in longitudinal section;
FIG. 2 shows it in cross-section; and
FIG. 3 shows a diagrammatic construction of the drying arrangement with a loop-like guiding of the web.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, a supporting web 1 coated with photographic emulsion runs over a pair of cylinders or rollers 2 and 3, which in conjunction with a suction box 4 and a suction pipe 5 form the two-roll hollow suction device 6. Suction box 4 has an arcuately pointed section disposed between and closely adjacent the peripheries of rollers 2 and 3. The rollers 2 and 3 are mounted with their journals 7 and 8 in the side members 9 and 10 of the suction box 4. Under the influence of the suction effect, the supporting web 1 wraps around the two rollers at an angle a.
In FIG. 3, the web 1 is guided over a number of tworoll hollow suction devices 6, air cushion guiding arrangements 11 being provided at the deflection points on the coating side. At the other deflection points, where the coating is outermost, the web 1 is guided over guide rollers 12. The walls of the channel or duct are omitted from the Figure for the sake of clarity.
We claim:
1. In a drying arrangement for coated webs being transported in a substantially linear path more especially coated with photographic emulsions, the arrangement comprising means for guiding and retaining the web upon,rotatable rollers, wherein at predetermined spaced intervals two-roll hollow suction devices are disposed in contact with said web for guiding and retaining it, said two-roll hollow suction devices eachcomprising a pair of freely rotatable cylindrical rollers having parallel axes and peripheries disposed closely adjacent each other, a suction box disposed closely adjacent and between the peripheries of said rollers on the side opposite said web and having an arcuately pointed section disposed centrally between and closely adjacent said peripheries of said rollers whereby the static air pressure between said peripheries is reduced below atmospheric pressure and the area of forceful contact of said web with said rollers is increased by the suction effect resulting from the differential between atmospheric pressure on the portion of said web remote from said rollers and the reduced pressure on the portion of said web between the peripheries of said rollers to pull said webs in firm rotation-inducing contact with said rollers irrespective of the weight of the web in a shallow curved indentation from said substantially linear path into the space between said rollers whereby said web is firmly guided and retained in said substantially linear path irregardless of its orientation.
2. A roller support as set forth in claim 1 wherein side members are attached to the sides of said suction box adjacent the ends of said rollers, and bearing and journal means rotatably connect -the ends of said rollers wish said side members.
3. A roller guide and retainer for an arrangement for drying webs comprising a pair of cylindrical rollers freely rotatably mounted in parallel axes with their peripheries disposed closely adjacent each other, a suction box disposed closely adjacent and between one side of said peripheries and having an arcuately pointed section disposed centrally between and closely adjacent said peripheries of said rollers, a web disposed in contact with said rollers on the side opposite from said suction box, a conduit connected to said suction box for exhausing air from it whereby the static air pressure between said peripheries and said web is reduced to increase the forceful contact between said supporting web and said peripheries of said rollers as a result of the differential between atmospheric pressure on the portion of said web remote from said rollers and the reduced pressure on the portion of said web between the peripheries of said rollers to pull said webs in firm rotationinducing contact with said rollers irrespective of with said side members.
Claims (4)
1. In a drying arrangement for coated webs being transported in a substantially linear path more especially coated with photographic emulsions, the arrangement comprising means for guiding and retaining the web upon rotatable rollers, wherein at predetermined spaced intervals two-roll hollow suction devices are disposed in contact with said web for guiding and retaining it, said two-roll hollow suction devices each comprising a pair of freely rotatable cylindrical rollers having parallel axes and peripheries disposed closely adjacent each other, a suction box disposed closely adjacent and between the peripheries of said rollers on the side opposite said web and having an arcuately pointed section disposed centrally between and closely adjacent said peripheries of said rollers whereby the static air pressure between said peripheries is reduced below atmospheric pressure and the area of forceful contact of said web with said rollers is increased by the suction effect resulting from the differential between atmospheric pressure on the portion of said web remote from said rollers and the reduced pressure on the portion of said web between the peripheries of said rollers to pull said webs in firm rotation-inducing contact with said rollers irrespective of the weight of the web in a shallow curved indentation from said substantially linear path into the space between said rollers whereby said web is firmly guided and retained in said substantially linear path irregardless of its orientation.
2. A roller support as set forth in claim 1 wherein side members are attached to the sides of said suction box adjacent the ends of said rollers, and bearing and journal means rotatably connect the ends of said rollers wish said side members.
3. A roller guide and retainer for an arrangement for drying webs comprising a pair of cylindrical rollers freely rotatably mounted in parallel axes with their peripheries disposed closely adjacent each other, a suction box disposed closely adjacent and between one side of said peripheries and having an arcuately pointed section disposed centrally between and closely adjacent said peripheries of said rollers, a web disposed in contact with said rollers on the side opposite from said suction box, a conduit connected to said suction box for exhausing air from it whereby the static air pressure between said peripheries and said web is reduced to increase the forceful contact between said supporting web and said peripheries of said rollers as a result of the differential between atmospheric pressure on the portion of said web remote from said rollers and the reduced pressure on the portion of said web between the peripheries of said rollers to pull said webs in firm rotation-inducing contact with said rollers irrespective of the weight of said web in a shallow curved indentation from said substantially linear path into the space between said rollers whereby said web is firmly guided and retained in said substantially linear path irregardless of its orientation.
4. A roller support as set forth in claim 3 wherein side members are attached to the sides of said suction box adjacent the ends of said rollers, and bearing and journal means rotatably connect the ends of said rollers with said side members.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US24122372A | 1972-04-05 | 1972-04-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3738018A true US3738018A (en) | 1973-06-12 |
Family
ID=22909771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00241223A Expired - Lifetime US3738018A (en) | 1972-04-05 | 1972-04-05 | Drying arrangement on machines for coating supporting webs, more especially with photographic emulsions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3738018A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4029044A (en) * | 1975-09-17 | 1977-06-14 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Device for sensing undried tire cord fabric treated with a bonding agent |
| US4231164A (en) * | 1978-08-31 | 1980-11-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Apparatus and method for uniformly heating or cooling a moving web |
| WO1982001410A1 (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1982-04-29 | Kodak Co Eastman | Method and apparatus for changing the temperature of a moving continuous web |
| EP0192429A2 (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-27 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrostatic film support |
| FR2660991A1 (en) * | 1990-04-14 | 1991-10-18 | Pagendarm Gmbh | DEVICE FOR TREATING A STRIP FORMING A COVERED SUBSTRATE. |
| DE102004011401B3 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-06-30 | Bassa, Altan, Dr.-Ing. | Drying assembly for paper web wet coated on one side has inverted segment located lower than the respective guide rollers |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2218677A (en) * | 1937-12-24 | 1940-10-22 | Haas Hermann | Suspension loop drying apparatus |
| US3065098A (en) * | 1960-03-21 | 1962-11-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method for coating webs |
-
1972
- 1972-04-05 US US00241223A patent/US3738018A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2218677A (en) * | 1937-12-24 | 1940-10-22 | Haas Hermann | Suspension loop drying apparatus |
| US3065098A (en) * | 1960-03-21 | 1962-11-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method for coating webs |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4029044A (en) * | 1975-09-17 | 1977-06-14 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Device for sensing undried tire cord fabric treated with a bonding agent |
| US4231164A (en) * | 1978-08-31 | 1980-11-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Apparatus and method for uniformly heating or cooling a moving web |
| WO1982001410A1 (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1982-04-29 | Kodak Co Eastman | Method and apparatus for changing the temperature of a moving continuous web |
| JPS57501547A (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1982-08-26 | ||
| EP0192429A2 (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-27 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrostatic film support |
| EP0192429A3 (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1987-10-07 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrostatic film support |
| FR2660991A1 (en) * | 1990-04-14 | 1991-10-18 | Pagendarm Gmbh | DEVICE FOR TREATING A STRIP FORMING A COVERED SUBSTRATE. |
| DE4012176C2 (en) * | 1990-04-14 | 2000-08-17 | Pagendarm Technologie Gmbh | Device for treating a coated substrate web |
| DE102004011401B3 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-06-30 | Bassa, Altan, Dr.-Ing. | Drying assembly for paper web wet coated on one side has inverted segment located lower than the respective guide rollers |
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