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US3737398A - Method of making a polyvinyl acetal sponge buff - Google Patents

Method of making a polyvinyl acetal sponge buff Download PDF

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Publication number
US3737398A
US3737398A US00087013A US3737398DA US3737398A US 3737398 A US3737398 A US 3737398A US 00087013 A US00087013 A US 00087013A US 3737398D A US3737398D A US 3737398DA US 3737398 A US3737398 A US 3737398A
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polishing
buff
fibers
sponge
making
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US00087013A
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D Yamaguchi
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
    • C08F8/48—Isomerisation; Cyclisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2329/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols

Definitions

  • a sponge buff suitable for use in polishing or finishing surfaces of stainless steels, aluminum and other metals is made by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst, suitable foaming agent and 20-70% by weight based on the reaction mixture of heat resistant fibers, and forming the reaction produced in any desired form.
  • the invention relates generally to a method of making a sponge buif suitable for use in polishing or finishing surfaces of stainless steels, aluminum and other metals and excellent in abrasion resistance and heat resistance.
  • polyvinyl formal prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and formaldehyde is generally used as a binder because the object is to achieve a grinding effect only.
  • the grinding stone obtained by any of these methods has no buff finishing effect. This buff finishing effect is attained by the surface polishing due to surface friction in contrast to polishing or grinding by grinding grains.
  • Synthetic fibers are readily molten by heat of friction, resulting in breaking of the buff, deterioration of a surface lustre and occurrence of adhered matter.
  • polyvinyl formal sponges have been studied as a bufi' material by reinforcement with various kinds of fibers instead of grinding grains, but have not been put to practical use as a buff because of the following reasons:
  • the present invention is developed as a result of our various studies to overcome the foregoing disadvantages.
  • a method of making a sponge excellent in water-carrying softness and soap resistance which comprises reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde, as a reactive aldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst and suitable foaming agent, disclosed in Japan Patent 574,000 (publication No. 28,997/ 69).
  • the sponge resin obtained by this method is excellent in softness and brittleness resistance. This is probably due to the fact that dialdehyde starch used herein has a long molecular structure and, consequently, yields a molecular bridge which distance between the main chains is greater than with the ordinary reaction of formalin alone.
  • the feature of this invention consists in the addition of 20-70% by weight of heat resistant fibers. That is to say, the present invention provides a method of making a sponge buff, which comprises reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst, suitable foaming agent and 20-70% by weight based on the reaction mixture of heat resistant fibers, and forming the reaction product in any desired form.
  • a lower aldehyde selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde
  • dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst, suitable foaming agent and 20-70% by weight based on the reaction mixture of heat resistant fibers, and forming the reaction product in any desired form.
  • the heat resistant fibers used in the method of the invention are fibers which are not molten or carbonized by friction heat (about 250 C.) generated during polishing by the buff material. Natural fibers are preferred, but synthetic fibers such as polyesters, nylons, vinylons and the like may be used. The sisal hemp occurring in Africa, excellent in polishing ability, rigidity and abrasion resistance, is most preferred.
  • the most important feature of the invention is to incorporate uniformly the heat resistant fibers in the particular polyvinyl acetal sponge produced according to the method of the foregoing Japanese patent, whereby the sponge is effectively reinforced.
  • the amount of such reinforcing fibers ranges from 20% to 70% by weight, preferably 40% to 50% by weight based on the reaction mixture.
  • the incorporation of the fibers is carried out by one or more of the following procedures:
  • Fibers of 10-50 mm. in length are added to a polyvinyl alcohol solution not yet reacted, and formed.
  • Fibers are cut so as to accommodate themselves to the radius of a circular sponge and are placed radially thereon in a forming frame and the particular polyvinyl acetal reaction liquid is then poured followed by forming.
  • dialdehyde starch used in the invention may be prepared by oxidation of starch with periodic acid and a lower aldehyde such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde.
  • the acidic catalyst used in the invention may be chosen from inorganic and organic acids. Hydrochloric acid is preferably used. The acid maintains the pH of the reaction system above 1.
  • the buff material of the invention depends mainly on the finishing property of the fibers due to friction.
  • the variety of fibers, size of the diameter and softness of the sponge may be varied with the forming conditions and a desirable buff material of any type of rough polishing, medium polishing, finish polishing and mirror polishing can be performed depending on the ob ject of use.
  • the absorption property of the polyvinyl acetal type sponge is so excellent that a liquid polishing agent is well adhered and the polishing surface is held constant for a long time.
  • EXAMPLE 3 parts of 35% hydrochloric acid and 1 part of a 1% aqueous solution of a surfactant (oleylhydroxyethylimidazoline) were added with vigorous agitation to a mixed solution of 100 parts of a 10% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (degree of polymerization 1700, degree of saponification 95%), 20 parts of a 25% aqueous solution of dialdehyde starch (aldehydized 90%) and 15 parts of 35% formalin.
  • a surfactant oleylhydroxyethylimidazoline
  • the buff material of the invention differs clearly from the known fiber-containing PVA grinding stone.
  • the largest difference between a grinding stone and buff material consists in the polishing or grinding ability.
  • the grinding ratio for example, in the case of a steel workpiece is ordinarily as follows:
  • a sponge buff by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst and a foaming agent the improvement which comprises adding to the reaction mixture 20-70% by weight, based on the reaction mixture, of heat resistant fibers.
  • dialdehyde starch is prepared by oxidation of starch with periodic acid and a lower aldehyde.
  • reaction mixture including said fibers, is first prepared and then poured into a mold wherein the reaction is completed.
  • a method of making a sponge buff according to claim 1 wherein 100 parts of an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution with 20 parts of a 25% aqueous solution of dialdehyde starch and 15 parts of 35% formaldehyde 6 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,846,407 8/ 1958 Wilson 260-2.5 F
  • sisal hemp fibers of 15 51--296; 260-2.5 L, 17.4 ST, 17.4 UC, 41 C, 73 L 91.3

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A SPONGEE BUFF SUITABLE FOR USE IN POLISHING OR FINISHING SURFACES OF STAINLESS STEELS, ALUMINUM AND OTHER METALS IS MADE BY REACTING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL WITH A LOWER ALDEHYDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF FORMALDEHYDE, ACETALDEHYDE AND BUTYRALDEHYDE, AND DIALDEHYDE STARCH AT A PH OF AT LEAST 1 IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ACIDIC CATALYST, SUITABLE FOAMING AGENT AND 20-70% BY WEIGHT BASED ON THE REACTION MIXTURE OF HEAT RESISTANT FIBERS, AND FORMING THE REACTION PRODUCED IN ANY DESIRED FORM.

Description

United States Patent Oflice 3,737,398 Patented June 5, 1973 US. Cl. 2602.5 F 13 Claims A TRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A sponge buff suitable for use in polishing or finishing surfaces of stainless steels, aluminum and other metals is made by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst, suitable foaming agent and 20-70% by weight based on the reaction mixture of heat resistant fibers, and forming the reaction produced in any desired form.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF INVENTION The invention relates generally to a method of making a sponge buif suitable for use in polishing or finishing surfaces of stainless steels, aluminum and other metals and excellent in abrasion resistance and heat resistance.
It has been well known to prepare a grinding stone for surface polishing by mixing grinding grains of alumina or silicon carbide type with polyvinyl formal, which is a soft grinding stone generally called PVA grinding stone and having the effect of mirror surface polishing.
It has also been known to reinforce the binder of PVA grinding stone by the joint use of natural, arificial or synthetic fibers.
In these methods of making such PVA grinding stones, polyvinyl formal, prepared from polyvinyl alcohol and formaldehyde is generally used as a binder because the object is to achieve a grinding effect only. The grinding stone obtained by any of these methods has no buff finishing effect. This buff finishing effect is attained by the surface polishing due to surface friction in contrast to polishing or grinding by grinding grains.
As a surface buff finishing material there have hitherto been employed natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, woven cloths thereof and, of late, unwoven cloths of synthetic fibers However, the following disadvantages are unavoidable in the case of effecting polishing by the use of these materials, since cloths made of these materials with a suitable binder are cut in the form of a disk, combined and fitted to a shaft, followed by rotary polishing.
(1) Many operational steps are necessary for polishing an irregular surface of workpiece because of the use of the cross-section of fiber.
(2) Much trouble is encountered in sewing conventional buifing cloths together and a polished surface is non-uniform sometimes due to fraying of the sewn cloths. Furthermore, there occurs much dust which creates a health hazard.
(3) Emanation of heat on a polished surface is not good, resulting in baking and breaking of the buff.
(4) Synthetic fibers are readily molten by heat of friction, resulting in breaking of the buff, deterioration of a surface lustre and occurrence of adhered matter.
Under the present state of the art, polyvinyl formal sponges have been studied as a bufi' material by reinforcement with various kinds of fibers instead of grinding grains, but have not been put to practical use as a buff because of the following reasons:
(1) The so obtained buffs have a tendency of breaking due to the small binding force.
(2) The abrasion resistance is inferior.
(3) The buffs tend to expand and to be deformed so that the polishing effect is lowered in uniformity.
The present invention is developed as a result of our various studies to overcome the foregoing disadvantages.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION I, the inventor, have already proposed a method of making a sponge excellent in water-carrying softness and soap resistance, which comprises reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde, as a reactive aldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst and suitable foaming agent, disclosed in Japan Patent 574,000 (publication No. 28,997/ 69). The sponge resin obtained by this method is excellent in softness and brittleness resistance. This is probably due to the fact that dialdehyde starch used herein has a long molecular structure and, consequently, yields a molecular bridge which distance between the main chains is greater than with the ordinary reaction of formalin alone.
The feature of this invention consists in the addition of 20-70% by weight of heat resistant fibers. That is to say, the present invention provides a method of making a sponge buff, which comprises reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst, suitable foaming agent and 20-70% by weight based on the reaction mixture of heat resistant fibers, and forming the reaction product in any desired form.
The heat resistant fibers used in the method of the invention are fibers which are not molten or carbonized by friction heat (about 250 C.) generated during polishing by the buff material. Natural fibers are preferred, but synthetic fibers such as polyesters, nylons, vinylons and the like may be used. The sisal hemp occurring in Africa, excellent in polishing ability, rigidity and abrasion resistance, is most preferred.
The most important feature of the invention is to incorporate uniformly the heat resistant fibers in the particular polyvinyl acetal sponge produced according to the method of the foregoing Japanese patent, whereby the sponge is effectively reinforced. The amount of such reinforcing fibers ranges from 20% to 70% by weight, preferably 40% to 50% by weight based on the reaction mixture. The incorporation of the fibers is carried out by one or more of the following procedures:
(1) Fibers of 10-50 mm. in length are added to a polyvinyl alcohol solution not yet reacted, and formed.
(2) Fibers are cut so as to accommodate themselves to the radius of a circular sponge and are placed radially thereon in a forming frame and the particular polyvinyl acetal reaction liquid is then poured followed by forming.
(3) Unwoven cloths made of such fibers using a heat resistant resin as a binder are placed on a forming frame and the particular polyvinyl acetal reaction liquid is then poured therein followed by impregnation and formation.
The dialdehyde starch used in the invention may be prepared by oxidation of starch with periodic acid and a lower aldehyde such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde.
The acidic catalyst used in the invention may be chosen from inorganic and organic acids. Hydrochloric acid is preferably used. The acid maintains the pH of the reaction system above 1.
polyvinyl acetal sponge. Consequently, the buff material of the invention depends mainly on the finishing property of the fibers due to friction.
The general characteristics of the present invention and prior art are tabulated below:
Grinding property. Large Medium- Medium- Small- Small. Rotary strength do Small do Large Large. Finishing property Not good Good- Good Better Best. Abrasion resistance. Large Small"-.- Medium. Small Medium.
NrE.-(1)=Ordinary grinding stone; (2)=PVA grinding stone; (3)=Fiber-containing PVA grinding stone; (4) =Woven cloth buff; =Buif of the invention.
The advantages of the sponge buff of the invention are as follows:
(1) Since forming is readily practised and any cut surface is available for polishing, longitudinal and lateral inner surfaces of an L-type work-piece, for example, can simultaneously be polished. In particular, it is suitable for polishing the inner wall of a cylindrical form.
(2) Since the foam of the sponge is of an open cell structure, that is an air-cooling effect by the air in the cells, thereby preventing the fibers from fraying. There is no baking of the polishing surface and no formation of dust even after continuous polishing for a long time.
(3) Since it is highly elastic, the effective Width of the polishing surface is large and a polished surface is thus finished well.
(4) The variety of fibers, size of the diameter and softness of the sponge may be varied with the forming conditions and a desirable buff material of any type of rough polishing, medium polishing, finish polishing and mirror polishing can be performed depending on the ob ject of use.
(5) The absorption property of the polyvinyl acetal type sponge is so excellent that a liquid polishing agent is well adhered and the polishing surface is held constant for a long time.
(6) Since forming is easy, any type of polishing machine can be used with the ease of fitting.
The following example is given in order to illustrate the invention without limiting the same.
EXAMPLE 3 parts of 35% hydrochloric acid and 1 part of a 1% aqueous solution of a surfactant (oleylhydroxyethylimidazoline) were added with vigorous agitation to a mixed solution of 100 parts of a 10% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (degree of polymerization 1700, degree of saponification 95%), 20 parts of a 25% aqueous solution of dialdehyde starch (aldehydized 90%) and 15 parts of 35% formalin. When the viscosity of the mixture rose rapidly up to 20 centipoises, parts of sisal hemp dust in a length of 50 mm. was added thereto while stirring to insure a uniform mixture which was poured in a mold and reacted at 40 C. for 24 hours. After the reaction, the reaction product was washed with water and dried.
The so obtained sponge was subjected to a test at 2300 r.p.m. with the commercially sold polyvinyl formal sponge and cloth buff for comparison using a same polishing machine, thus obtaining the following results:
Dimension before test:
255 mm. diameter 25 mm. thickness Test piece:
stainless western-style tableware aluminum flat plate.
TABLE 1 Stainless tableware Aluminum flat plate Finished Buff Finished Buff Abrasion Steps surface surface suraice surface resistance Dimension after use Cloth bufi 6 Good. Much fraying Baking Good Not good. Average diameter 216 mm. Solid polyvinyl formal sponge 4 Baking Plneked do Plucked .do Roughened average diameter 193 mm. Sponge of the invention 3 2 Best Good Good Good. Good 1 The cloth buff requires much trouble for sewing up. Adhesion of polishing agents is not good. Much dust occurs.
2 Many surface breakages occur in the soild polyvinyl formal sponge.
* The rising state of the fibers according to the invention is very good.
(7) A wide range of polishing speeds, i.e., from high speed polishing to low speed polishing is possible through.
reinforcement by fibers.
The buff material of the invention differs clearly from the known fiber-containing PVA grinding stone. The largest difference between a grinding stone and buff material consists in the polishing or grinding ability. The grinding ratio, for example, in the case of a steel workpiece is ordinarily as follows:
Grinding stone-above 1 Buff materialless 0.01
What is claimed is:
1. In a method of making a sponge buff, by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with a lower aldehyde selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and butyraldehyde, and dialdehyde starch at a pH of at least 1 in the presence of an acidic catalyst and a foaming agent the improvement which comprises adding to the reaction mixture 20-70% by weight, based on the reaction mixture, of heat resistant fibers.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the dialdehyde starch is prepared by oxidation of starch with periodic acid and a lower aldehyde.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the acidic catalyst is a mineral acid.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the mineral acid is hydrochloric acid.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a sunfactant.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat resistant fibers are used in the form of an unwoven cloth.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat resistant fiber is sisal hemp.
8. The sponge buff produced by the process of claim 1.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the reaction mixture, including said fibers, is first prepared and then poured into a mold wherein the reaction is completed.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the, reaction mixture, including said fibers, is prepared in forming frame and the reaction is completed within said frame.
11. The sponge buff produced by the process of claim 6. .v
12. The sponge buff produced by the process of claim 7.
13. A method of making a sponge buff according to claim 1 wherein 100 parts of an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution with 20 parts of a 25% aqueous solution of dialdehyde starch and 15 parts of 35% formaldehyde 6 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,846,407 8/ 1958 Wilson 260-2.5 F
3,324,057 6/1967 Suzumura et al. 26017.4 ST
2,653,917 9/1953 Hammon 2602.5 F FOREIGN PATENTS 573,966 12/1945 Great Britain 2602.5 F
10 JOHN C. BLEUTGE, Primary Examiner W. J. BRIGGS, 8a., Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
are employed in conjunction with sisal hemp fibers of 15 51--296; 260-2.5 L, 17.4 ST, 17.4 UC, 41 C, 73 L 91.3
US00087013A 1969-11-13 1970-11-04 Method of making a polyvinyl acetal sponge buff Expired - Lifetime US3737398A (en)

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Cited By (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4009129A (en) * 1973-08-29 1977-02-22 Union Carbide Corporation Copolymers of cyclic vinyl ethers and cyclic acetals
US4013629A (en) * 1975-02-21 1977-03-22 Krause Milling Company Art of catalyzing the reaction between a polyol and a polyaldehyde
US4098728A (en) * 1976-01-02 1978-07-04 Solomon Rosenblatt Medical surgical sponge and method of making same
US4206301A (en) * 1972-09-28 1980-06-03 Seymour Yolles Sustained flavor release composition
US4368277A (en) * 1979-03-05 1983-01-11 Burinsky Stanislav V Porous open-cell filled reactive material
US4374204A (en) * 1980-05-19 1983-02-15 Leningradsky Ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni Institut Textilnoi I Legkoi Promyshlennosti Imeni S.M. Kirova Porous open-cell filled reactive material containing a polymeric matrix and reactive filler
US5284468A (en) * 1991-08-19 1994-02-08 M-Pact Worldwide Management Corporation Orthopedic splinting article
WO1995007940A1 (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-23 Monsanto Company Rough-surfaced polyvinyl butyral sheet and method of forming same
WO1996003443A1 (en) * 1994-07-21 1996-02-08 Teich Aktiengesellschaft Vinyl alcohol copolymers, water-soluble films containing them and their use as packaging material
US5554659A (en) * 1991-08-06 1996-09-10 Rosenblatt; Solomon Injection molded PVA sponge
US5773495A (en) * 1995-05-11 1998-06-30 Teich Aktiengellschaft Use of plasticisers for thermo-plasticizing starch
US6004402A (en) * 1994-10-06 1999-12-21 Xomed Surgical Products, Inc. Method of cleaning silicon material with a sponge
US6080092A (en) * 1994-10-06 2000-06-27 Xomed Surgical Products, Inc. Industrial cleaning sponge
US6329438B1 (en) 1994-10-06 2001-12-11 Medtronic Xomed, Inc. High density sponge and method and apparatus for rinsing a high density sponge
US20030183962A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-02 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Processes for manufacturing polymeric microspheres
US20040037887A1 (en) * 2002-06-12 2004-02-26 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Bulking agent
US20040101564A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-05-27 Rioux Robert F. Embolization
US6887504B2 (en) 2000-10-13 2005-05-03 Stephen L. Palmer Marking pen for decorating food
US20050226935A1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-13 Kalpana Kamath Embolization
US7053134B2 (en) 2002-04-04 2006-05-30 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Forming a chemically cross-linked particle of a desired shape and diameter
US20060116711A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-01 Elliott Christopher J Embolic coils
US7131997B2 (en) 2002-03-29 2006-11-07 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Tissue treatment
US7311861B2 (en) 2004-06-01 2007-12-25 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Embolization
US20080226741A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2008-09-18 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Cross-linked Polymer Particles
US7449236B2 (en) 2002-08-09 2008-11-11 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Porous polymeric particle comprising polyvinyl alcohol and having interior to surface porosity-gradient
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US7842377B2 (en) 2003-08-08 2010-11-30 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Porous polymeric particle comprising polyvinyl alcohol and having interior to surface porosity-gradient
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US7901770B2 (en) 2003-11-04 2011-03-08 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Embolic compositions
US7947368B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2011-05-24 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Block copolymer particles
US7963287B2 (en) 2005-04-28 2011-06-21 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Tissue-treatment methods
US7976823B2 (en) 2003-08-29 2011-07-12 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Ferromagnetic particles and methods
US8007509B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2011-08-30 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Coil assemblies, components and methods
US8101197B2 (en) 2005-12-19 2012-01-24 Stryker Corporation Forming coils
US8152839B2 (en) 2005-12-19 2012-04-10 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Embolic coils
US9463426B2 (en) 2005-06-24 2016-10-11 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Methods and systems for coating particles

Cited By (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4206301A (en) * 1972-09-28 1980-06-03 Seymour Yolles Sustained flavor release composition
US4009129A (en) * 1973-08-29 1977-02-22 Union Carbide Corporation Copolymers of cyclic vinyl ethers and cyclic acetals
US4013629A (en) * 1975-02-21 1977-03-22 Krause Milling Company Art of catalyzing the reaction between a polyol and a polyaldehyde
US4098728A (en) * 1976-01-02 1978-07-04 Solomon Rosenblatt Medical surgical sponge and method of making same
US4368277A (en) * 1979-03-05 1983-01-11 Burinsky Stanislav V Porous open-cell filled reactive material
US4374204A (en) * 1980-05-19 1983-02-15 Leningradsky Ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni Institut Textilnoi I Legkoi Promyshlennosti Imeni S.M. Kirova Porous open-cell filled reactive material containing a polymeric matrix and reactive filler
US5554659A (en) * 1991-08-06 1996-09-10 Rosenblatt; Solomon Injection molded PVA sponge
US5554658A (en) * 1991-08-06 1996-09-10 Rosenblatt; Solomon Injection molded PVA Sponge
US5284468A (en) * 1991-08-19 1994-02-08 M-Pact Worldwide Management Corporation Orthopedic splinting article
WO1995007940A1 (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-23 Monsanto Company Rough-surfaced polyvinyl butyral sheet and method of forming same
US5914368A (en) * 1994-07-21 1999-06-22 Teich Aktiengesellschaft Vinyl alcohol copolymers and water-soluble films containing them
WO1996003443A1 (en) * 1994-07-21 1996-02-08 Teich Aktiengesellschaft Vinyl alcohol copolymers, water-soluble films containing them and their use as packaging material
US6235125B1 (en) 1994-10-06 2001-05-22 Xomed Surgical Products, Inc. Industrial cleaning sponge
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