US3722574A - Process of making magnesium oxide cores - Google Patents
Process of making magnesium oxide cores Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3722574A US3722574A US00158128A US3722574DA US3722574A US 3722574 A US3722574 A US 3722574A US 00158128 A US00158128 A US 00158128A US 3722574D A US3722574D A US 3722574DA US 3722574 A US3722574 A US 3722574A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- core
- magnesium oxide
- slurry
- magnesium
- investment casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].ClOCl IQYKECCCHDLEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloridooxygen Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGTMMNSEFNCSMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L P(=O)([O-])([O-])O.[Ca+2].[O-2].[Mg+2] Chemical group P(=O)([O-])([O-])O.[Ca+2].[O-2].[Mg+2] GGTMMNSEFNCSMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/105—Salt cores
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the production of hollow, superalloy parts by investment casting techniques and more particularly to the production of metal parts formed of cobalt or nickel superalloys and containing small and narrow apertures and passages in the castings.
- a disposable pattern which is a replica of the part to be cast and which includes any necessary gates and risers, is usually dipped in a refractory slurry which hardens to form a smooth coating that serves as the mold face.
- the precoating or dipcoating of the pattern usually is carried out by immersing the pattern in a suspension of a fine refractory powder in a suitable liquid binder that is capable of hardening during drying at room conditions. Following dipping, the excess slurry is drained from the pattern and the coating is stuccoed while wet with coarser refractory particles which help to set the coating.
- a ceramic shell mold is usually prepared by repeating the dipping and stuccoing operations described above until a shell having a sufficient thickness to resist the stresses occuring in subsequent operations is built up around the pattern.
- the usual thickness range is from one-eighth of an inch to one-half of an inch, although thinner or heavier shells may be formed for special situations.
- the disposable pattern is removed from the mold which is then prepared for the casting operation.
- the typical pattern materials used in the process have been either wax blends or plastics such as polystyrene and, occasionally, polyethylene.
- a ceramic core usually formed of pressed silica, is disposed within the mold at an appropriate location. While these silica cores are quite useful, they are difficult to remove with a non-corrosive leaching media after the casting has been made. It can be appreciated that when very small or fine apertures or interstices are filled with an insoluble core material that difficulty can be encountered when attempting to totally remove the material with a non-corrosive leaching medium.
- an aqueous solution of 12 to 30 w/o magnesium chloride is mixed with w/o magnesium oxide powder to form a thick slurry.
- the slurry is poured into a plastic or rubber die having the configuration which is desired.
- the components react to form a complex magnesium oxychloride cement which is relatively rigid, even in the unfired state.
- the body is fired to convert the oxychloride to the oxide, generally at temperaturesbetween about 2,200 to 2,700 F.
- a solid, rugged magnesium oxide core is produced which can be subsequently incorporated in an investment casting process.
- the core which was formed is generally coated by dipping it in a slurry of finely divided zirconium oxide (having an average particle size below. microns) to prevent the reaction of the magnesium with any silicates from the exterior shell of the investment casting.
- the core of magnesium oxide may be removed by playing a jet of live steam upon it or placing the part in an autoclave filled with water at a relatively high temperature. The magnesium oxide dissolves in the steam and other leaching agents need not be added for its removal.
- the apertures or interstices are disposed within it.
- magnesium chloride MgCl 6H O
- magnesium oxide were added to 55 grams of solution and a magnesium oxychloride cement (plus MgO) was formed. This cement was poured into a plastic die to solidify. When solid, it was removed from the die and fired at a temperature of 2,700F. to convert the oxychloride to the oxide.
- a method of forming a water-soluble core for use in the manufacture of hollow articles in investment casting processes said core being adapted to be disposed within the casting so that, upon removal, hollow passages remain, said method including the steps of: admixing an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride with magnesium oxide powder to form a slurry; pouring said slurry into a die of the desired shape and allowing said slurry to harden to form a body corresponding to the shape of said die; thing said body at a temperature of 2,2002,70()F. to oxidize said magnesium chloride and form a solid magnesium oxide core, said core being useful in said investment casting process.
- a method of forming a water-soluble core for use in the manufacture of hollow articles in investment casting processes said core being adapted to be I disposed within the casting so that, upon removal, hollow passages remain, said method including the steps of: admixing an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride with magnesium oxide powder to form a slur-
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Magnesium oxide is utilized as a water soluble core for producing hollow superalloy parts by investment casting techniques. The core can be formed by mixing slurries of magnesium oxide and magnesium oxychloride, allowing the mixture to harden and then firing the body to form the corresponding oxide.
Description
United States Patent 1 Anderson et a1.
1541 PROCESS OF MAKING MAGNESIUM OXIDE CORES [75] Inventors: John R. Anderson, Bloomfield, N.J.;
James S. Perron, Deep River, Conn.
[73] Assignee: United Aircraft Corporation, East Hartford, Conn.
22 Filed: June29, 1971 21 Appl.No.: 158,128
[52] US. Cl. ..164/4l, 164/72, 164/132, 106/383 [51] Int. Cl ..B22c 1/02 [58] Field of Search .....164/4l, 42, 132;167/72, 138
[5 6] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,643,728 2/1972 Hulse ..164/l32 1 1 Mar. 27, 1973 Rose ..l64/132 X Anderko ..164/41 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,306,572 9/1962 France 164/41 Primary Examiner-J. Spencer Overholser Assistant Examiner-John E. Roethel Attorney-Richard N. James 57 ABSTRACT 3 Claims, No Drawings PROCESS OF MAKING MAGNESIUM OXIDE CORES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1 Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the production of hollow, superalloy parts by investment casting techniques and more particularly to the production of metal parts formed of cobalt or nickel superalloys and containing small and narrow apertures and passages in the castings.
2. Description of the Prior Art In investment casting, a disposable pattern, which is a replica of the part to be cast and which includes any necessary gates and risers, is usually dipped in a refractory slurry which hardens to form a smooth coating that serves as the mold face. The precoating or dipcoating of the pattern usually is carried out by immersing the pattern in a suspension of a fine refractory powder in a suitable liquid binder that is capable of hardening during drying at room conditions. Following dipping, the excess slurry is drained from the pattern and the coating is stuccoed while wet with coarser refractory particles which help to set the coating.
A ceramic shell mold is usually prepared by repeating the dipping and stuccoing operations described above until a shell having a sufficient thickness to resist the stresses occuring in subsequent operations is built up around the pattern. The usual thickness range is from one-eighth of an inch to one-half of an inch, although thinner or heavier shells may be formed for special situations. After forming the refractory shell, the disposable pattern is removed from the mold which is then prepared for the casting operation. The typical pattern materials used in the process have been either wax blends or plastics such as polystyrene and, occasionally, polyethylene.
It is sometimes desirable to form hollow articles and particularly ones with very small and narrow passages by these investment casting techniques. Commonly, to make such articles, a ceramic core, usually formed of pressed silica, is disposed within the mold at an appropriate location. While these silica cores are quite useful, they are difficult to remove with a non-corrosive leaching media after the casting has been made. It can be appreciated that when very small or fine apertures or interstices are filled with an insoluble core material that difficulty can be encountered when attempting to totally remove the material with a non-corrosive leaching medium.
Other cores used for forming hollow cast articles have included soluble metal halide salts mixed with borax, magnesium oxide or talc. Such compositions have been disclosed in the United States Pat. to Anderko, No. 3,407,864. Rose discloses in the United States Pat. No. 3,473,599, the use of a mixture of magnesium oxide and calcium phosphate. In the case of the halide-containing core, we have found that the halogen can react undesirably with the superalloy during casting. In the case of the magnesium oxide-calcium phosphate core, we have found that it is gassy, brittle and difficult to use when making castings of superalloys.
SUMNIARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention we have discovered a method of successfully producing ceramic cores for investment casting processes. These cores, made of magnesium oxide, can easily withstand the temperatures encountered when casting superalloys, do not react with the alloy systems and can be easily formed into complex shapes. Quite advantageously, magnesium oxide, formed according to the present process, can be removed easily from the casting through the use of non-corrosive leaching medium, particularly water.
In the present process an aqueous solution of 12 to 30 w/o magnesium chloride is mixed with w/o magnesium oxide powder to form a thick slurry. The slurry is poured into a plastic or rubber die having the configuration which is desired. The components react to form a complex magnesium oxychloride cement which is relatively rigid, even in the unfired state. When solid, the body is fired to convert the oxychloride to the oxide, generally at temperaturesbetween about 2,200 to 2,700 F. A solid, rugged magnesium oxide core is produced which can be subsequently incorporated in an investment casting process.
The core which was formed is generally coated by dipping it in a slurry of finely divided zirconium oxide (having an average particle size below. microns) to prevent the reaction of the magnesium with any silicates from the exterior shell of the investment casting. After the casting is made according to conventional techniques, the core of magnesium oxide may be removed by playing a jet of live steam upon it or placing the part in an autoclave filled with water at a relatively high temperature. The magnesium oxide dissolves in the steam and other leaching agents need not be added for its removal. When the core is removed from the casting, the apertures or interstices are disposed within it.
As a specific example of the present invention, we dissolved 167 grams of magnesium chloride (MgCl 6H O) in 100 grams water to form a solution. To this solution grams of magnesium oxide were added to 55 grams of solution and a magnesium oxychloride cement (plus MgO) was formed. This cement was poured into a plastic die to solidify. When solid, it was removed from the die and fired at a temperature of 2,700F. to convert the oxychloride to the oxide.
It is apparent that modifications and changes may be made within the spirit and scope of the present invention but it is our intention, however, only to be limited by the scope of the appended claims.
As our invention, we claim:
1. A method of forming a water-soluble core for use in the manufacture of hollow articles in investment casting processes, said core being adapted to be disposed within the casting so that, upon removal, hollow passages remain, said method including the steps of: admixing an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride with magnesium oxide powder to form a slurry; pouring said slurry into a die of the desired shape and allowing said slurry to harden to form a body corresponding to the shape of said die; thing said body at a temperature of 2,2002,70()F. to oxidize said magnesium chloride and form a solid magnesium oxide core, said core being useful in said investment casting process.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said slurry contains between about 12 and 30 w/o magnesium chloride and 60 and 80 w/o magnesium oxide.
3. A method of forming a water-soluble core for use in the manufacture of hollow articles in investment casting processes, said core being adapted to be I disposed within the casting so that, upon removal, hollow passages remain, said method including the steps of: admixing an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride with magnesium oxide powder to form a slur-
Claims (2)
- 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said slurry contains between about 12 and 30 w/o magnesium chloride and 60 and 80 w/o magnesium oxide.
- 3. A method of forming a water-soluble core for use in the manufacture of hollow articles in investment casting processes, said core being adapted to be disposed within the casting so that, upon removal, hollow passages remain, said method including the steps of: admixing an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride with magnesium oxide powder to form a slurry; pouring said slurry into a die of the desired shape and allowing said slurry to harden to form a body corresponding to the shape of said dIe; firing said body to oxidize said magnesium chloride and form a solid magnesium oxide core, and coating the core with zirconium oxide having a particle size less than about 100 microns, the coated core being useful in said investment casting process.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15812871A | 1971-06-29 | 1971-06-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3722574A true US3722574A (en) | 1973-03-27 |
Family
ID=22566794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00158128A Expired - Lifetime US3722574A (en) | 1971-06-29 | 1971-06-29 | Process of making magnesium oxide cores |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3722574A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5524982B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU464359B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE785335A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA972920A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH538434A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2220060C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2143646B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1325412A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL39070A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT956344B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE399371B (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4073662A (en) * | 1977-03-09 | 1978-02-14 | General Electric Company | Method for removing a magnesia doped alumina core material |
| US4604140A (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1986-08-05 | Societe Nationale De L'amiante | Foundry sands derived from serpentine and foundry molds derived therefrom |
| US5335717A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1994-08-09 | Howmet Corporation | Oxidation resistant superalloy castings |
| US6776219B1 (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2004-08-17 | Metal Matrix Cast Composites, Inc. | Castable refractory investment mold materials and methods of their use in infiltration casting |
| US20060243421A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-02 | United States Of America, Represented By Secretary Of The U.S. Army | Soluble casting core for metal matrix composite components and method of producing thereof |
| WO2008125351A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-23 | Innovaris Gmbh & Co. Kg | Carrier material for the production of workpieces |
| WO2008125352A1 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-23 | Innovaris Gmbh & Co. Kg | Carrier material for producing workpieces |
| US7461684B2 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2008-12-09 | The Ex One Company, Llc | Casting process and articles for performing same |
| US8087450B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2012-01-03 | Evonik Degussa Corporation | Fumed metal oxides for investment casting |
| CN112222363A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 淄博建宗复合材料有限公司 | Ceramic salt core formed by one-step die-casting through molten liquid and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2900429A1 (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1980-07-17 | Klepsch Kunstgalerie | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DOUBLE-WALLED, HOLLOW ITEM, IN PARTICULAR A CUP-SHAPED ITEM, MADE OF GLASS OR THE LIKE, MOLD FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD, AND IN PARTICULAR ARTICLES PRODUCED THEREOF |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1306572A (en) * | 1961-11-21 | 1962-10-13 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Improvements in the production of foundry cores and molds |
| US3407864A (en) * | 1965-06-12 | 1968-10-29 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | Forming hollow cast articles |
| US3473599A (en) * | 1965-01-19 | 1969-10-21 | Doulton & Co Ltd | Production of metal castings |
| US3643728A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1972-02-22 | United Aircraft Corp | Process of casting nickel base alloys using water-soluble calcia cores |
-
1971
- 1971-06-29 US US00158128A patent/US3722574A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-02-02 CA CA133,814A patent/CA972920A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-03-21 GB GB1317872A patent/GB1325412A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-03-24 IL IL39070A patent/IL39070A/en unknown
- 1972-03-28 FR FR7211411A patent/FR2143646B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-04-14 AU AU41149/72A patent/AU464359B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-04-14 SE SE7204854A patent/SE399371B/en unknown
- 1972-04-21 CH CH599272A patent/CH538434A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-04-24 DE DE2220060A patent/DE2220060C3/en not_active Expired
- 1972-06-08 IT IT25385/72A patent/IT956344B/en active
- 1972-06-23 BE BE785335A patent/BE785335A/en unknown
- 1972-06-24 JP JP6361772A patent/JPS5524982B1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1306572A (en) * | 1961-11-21 | 1962-10-13 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Improvements in the production of foundry cores and molds |
| US3473599A (en) * | 1965-01-19 | 1969-10-21 | Doulton & Co Ltd | Production of metal castings |
| US3407864A (en) * | 1965-06-12 | 1968-10-29 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | Forming hollow cast articles |
| US3643728A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1972-02-22 | United Aircraft Corp | Process of casting nickel base alloys using water-soluble calcia cores |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4073662A (en) * | 1977-03-09 | 1978-02-14 | General Electric Company | Method for removing a magnesia doped alumina core material |
| US4604140A (en) * | 1984-04-26 | 1986-08-05 | Societe Nationale De L'amiante | Foundry sands derived from serpentine and foundry molds derived therefrom |
| US5335717A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1994-08-09 | Howmet Corporation | Oxidation resistant superalloy castings |
| US6776219B1 (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2004-08-17 | Metal Matrix Cast Composites, Inc. | Castable refractory investment mold materials and methods of their use in infiltration casting |
| US7461684B2 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2008-12-09 | The Ex One Company, Llc | Casting process and articles for performing same |
| US20060243421A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-02 | United States Of America, Represented By Secretary Of The U.S. Army | Soluble casting core for metal matrix composite components and method of producing thereof |
| US20070131374A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2007-06-14 | U.S. Government, Represented By Secretary Of The Army | Soluble Casting Core For Metal Matrix Composite Components and Method of Producing Thereof |
| US8087450B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2012-01-03 | Evonik Degussa Corporation | Fumed metal oxides for investment casting |
| WO2008125351A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-23 | Innovaris Gmbh & Co. Kg | Carrier material for the production of workpieces |
| US20100304178A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2010-12-02 | Hermle Maschinenbau Gmbh | Carrier material for producing workpieces |
| US20110091660A1 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2011-04-21 | Hermle Maschinenbau Gmbh | Carrier material for producing workpieces |
| WO2008125352A1 (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-23 | Innovaris Gmbh & Co. Kg | Carrier material for producing workpieces |
| DE102007017754B4 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2016-12-29 | Hermle Maschinenbau Gmbh | Method for producing a workpiece with at least one free space |
| CN112222363A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 淄博建宗复合材料有限公司 | Ceramic salt core formed by one-step die-casting through molten liquid and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA972920A (en) | 1975-08-19 |
| DE2220060C3 (en) | 1975-07-31 |
| DE2220060A1 (en) | 1973-01-18 |
| SE399371B (en) | 1978-02-13 |
| IL39070A0 (en) | 1972-05-30 |
| GB1325412A (en) | 1973-08-01 |
| FR2143646B1 (en) | 1976-06-11 |
| AU464359B2 (en) | 1975-08-01 |
| AU4114972A (en) | 1973-10-18 |
| CH538434A (en) | 1973-06-30 |
| IL39070A (en) | 1976-10-31 |
| IT956344B (en) | 1973-10-10 |
| JPS5524982B1 (en) | 1980-07-02 |
| DE2220060B2 (en) | 1974-12-05 |
| FR2143646A1 (en) | 1973-02-09 |
| BE785335A (en) | 1972-10-16 |
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