US371903A - stevens - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets Sheet 1. LE ROY WMSTEVENS.

SPRING TOOTHED HARROW. No; 371,903. Patented O0t. 18,1887.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. LE ROY W. STEVENS.

SPRING TDOTHED HARROW. No. 871,903. Patented Oct. 18, 1887.

LE nov w. srnvnns, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

SPRING-TOOTHED HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371.903. dated October 18, 11.887.

Original application filed July 18, 1887, Serial No. 244,669. Divided and this application filed September 21, 1887. Serial No- No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LE ROY W. STEVENS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spring-Toothed Harrows; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to the class of devices known as spring-tooth harrows; and it consists in certain improvements in construction, whereby a number of desirable results are accomplished.

In barrows of this class as heretofore made there has been little or no provision for giving the frame elasticity in the planethereof, or means for turning the points of the springteeth away from any heavy obstruction, or those having a firm hold in the soil in advance of the operative portions of the teeth in aline with such obstructions.

The most common form of frame is composed of intersecting draft and cross bars, which yield only in vertical directions, and the amount of this yield, especially at the parts to whichare attached the outer teeth of the harrow, has been such that the teeth were not held down to their work under all circum stances in such manner as to produce the best results, and in passing over large stones,either loose or embedded in the soil, the harrow would follow the line of draft and the teeth in line with the obstructions'would receive the full force of the blow from such obstructions and receive a heavy sidewise wrench or be bent out horizontally, often breaking them.

By my improved construction the frame is provided with a certain degree of elasticity in the plane thereof, and in my preferred construction a guarded seat or pocket is formed at the point where the tooth is connected, whereby not only is the base or connecting end of the tooth protected, but the point of the same is carried to one side and away from obstructions, thus obviating or almost entirely avoiding the liability of the tooth coming in contact or catching fast to obstructions. This leaves the teeth of the harrow to operate freely in the soil, and the liability of the harrow be ing thrown away from its work is greatly reduced, if not entirely obviated. The construction whereby these results are secured also performs other functions which tend to increase the efficiency and durability of the har minimum.

In my application filed July 18, 1887, of which this is a division, I have shown substantially the same form of barrow-frame; but this application is limited to such a construction in a springtooth harrow.

In the drawings, Figure This a perspective view of a harrow embodying one form in which I have contemplated embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of part of a frame of modified construction. Figs. 3, 4., and 5 are partial sections of modified constructions. the barrow shownin Fig. 1 folded for shipment. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are views of spring harroW-teeth with different forms of guarding and attaching devices.

In these figures the harrow-frame is shown as composed of two parts hinged together. Each of these parts is formed of draft-bars A and intersecting bars B, the said cross-bars being rigidly attached to each other at the points of intersection. Between these points of intersection the draft and cross bars are diverged out of the main plane of the frame. The particular form of frame between these points 'of intersection may be greatly varied and yet the same results secured.

In Fig. 1 the draft and cross bars at these points are given a single upward curve, and the teeth 0 are attached to the bars at the points of intersection by clamps or otherwise. The depending portions of the frame adjacent to the seats of the teeth serve as guards for the teeth as they are in advance of the same, and come in contact with obstructions in line with them and throw the base portion of the teeth on one side of said obstruction; or where this is not possible they raise the teeth above the same, so that they will not catch upon the obstruction, but will pass over or around the same without the undue strain resulting from forcible contact with such obstruction. These depending portions or pockets may be made Fig. 6 is a perspective view of row and to reduce the draft of the same to a in the construction. In the old constructions,

in transporting the harrow from one place to another the two parts are folded together face to face and the harrow drawn upon the ground upon the curved portions of the springteeth. This gradually wears the teeth at the bearing-points, whereby they are materially weakened and their effectiveness impaired.

- By raising the frame or portions thereof above the seats of the teeth the frame is made to receive a portion of the wear, thereby protecting the teeth and adding to the durability of the harrow. This position of the harrow is shown in Fig. 6, and is the position in which the barrows are ordinarily shipped, and the curved or upwardly-diverging portions of the frame,when in this position,act to protect boththe points and the bowed portions of the teeth. The portions of the frame between the pockets or depending portions afford clearancespaces for the passage of stones, clods, and other materials lying on the ground through the harrow without clogging.

In Fig. 2 the draft-bars are of the same form as those shown in Fig. 1; but the cross-bars B are of a slightly different contour, the highest parts of the upward-curved portions being nearer the rear draft-bar. This form of crossbar gives a clearance-space beneath the same which increases in height rearwardly, so that when the bar comesin contact with any object on the ground or embedded in it as the harrow is drawn forward an increased space is given for it to pass under the bar, thereby giving a more effective clearance.

In Figs. 3, 4, and 5 I have shown different forms of draft-bars. The forms shown in Figs. 3 and 5 may be combined with cross bars of corresponding form, or they may be combined with Crossbars B, (shown in Fig. 2,) as may be preferred. In the form shown in Fig. 4 the teeth may be attached to the points of intersection, or to a plate connected to the bars at a a, or inthe other ways herein described.

The guard constructions I prefer to so construct as to leave openings for passage of fine or loose earth to pass between them, thus relieving unnecessary strain, which would be added if such guard were of a cone shaped body and with little or no space between the guards; yet with this latter the object of protecting the free end of the tooth from catching fast to or receiving the blow of obstructions would be accomplished.

It will be seen that in case the tooth-guards strike an immovable obstruction there will also be a lateral yielding of the frame to permit it to pass to one side of the same, and in case the engagement with the obstruction is such that no lateral yielding of the frame will be possible there will be a yielding of the frame in line with the draft. In case a tooth comes in contact with an obstruction there will be .a like yielding of the frame, relieving the tooth from strain.

Ihave shown, and design in most cases to have, the teeth attached to the lowest parts of the frame. I do not desire, however, to be limited to teeth so attached, as I may attach them to other points of the frame and secure advantageous results over the old constructions.

In Figs. 7, 8, and9 Ihave shown spring harrow teeth provided with attaching means whereby myinvention maybe cheaply applied to ordinary forms of barrow-frames made of straightintersecting draft and cross bars orin other ways. In the first of these figures the tooth G is provided with attaching means, which is the full equivalent of the deflected portion of the barrow-frame shown in Fig. 1. This attaching means consists of two short intersecting bars, I) b, the said bars extending outwardly and upwardly from the point of intersection, which is the point at which the two bars are connected and which forms the seat of the tooth. The outer ends of the four arms formed by these two bars are each provided with means for connecting it to a harrowframe-such as an aperture or other means.

In Fig. 8 the construction is the same, except that the bar b is shorter, extending only on one side of the seat of the tooth, and in Fig. 9 the two bars b b are each of half the length of those in Fig. 7. This last form possesses great elasticity, and may be employed where an unusual amount of yield for the teeth is desired. It can also be used for the outer teeth where the otherforms are used for the inner teeth of the harrow. While these forms are more especially designed for attach ing spring-teeth to old forms of harrow-frames, they may be employed with a frame constructed substantially as herein shown and de scribed.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A. spring-tooth harrow provided with a frame consisting of intersecting draft and cross bars elastic in all directions in the plane of the frame, whereby the spring-teeth are relieved from excessive strain, substantially as described.

2. A spring-tooth harrow provided with a frame having intersecting draft and cross bars rigidly connected at the points of intersection, the said draft-bars having adjacent to the teeth bracing portions deflected out of the horizontal plane of the frame, substantially as described.

3. A spring-tooth harrow provided with a frame having intersecting draft and cross bars, said draft and cross bars having adjacent to the teeth portions deflected out of a horizontal plane, substantially as described.

4. In a spring-tooth harrow, the combination with intersecting draft and cross bars rigidly eonnected,of spring-teeth connected therewith, the said bars being provided adjacent to the teeth with portions deflected out of the horizontal plane of the frame, substantially as described.

5. In a spring-tooth harrow, the combination, with intersecting draft and cross bars rigidly connected at the points of intersection, of spring-teeth connected to said bars at the points of intersection, said bars being provided adjacent to said teeth with portions deflected from a horizontal plane, substantially as described.

6. In a spring-tooth harrow, the combination, with intersecting draft and cross bars, of springteeth connected to said harrow, said harrow being also provided with teethguards which extend in an upwardly-disposed direction from a point adjacent to the point where said teeth are connected to said harrow, sub stantially as described.

7. In a spring-tooth harrow, the combination, with intersecting draft and cross bars rigidly joined at the point of intersection, of spring-teeth connected to said harrow at a point adjacent to the intersection of said bars,

said bars forming arms or guards which extend outward and upward from a point adjacent to the point of intersection of said bars, substantially as described.

8. In a harrow, the combination, with inter- 'secting draft and cross bars rigidly connected at the points of intersection, of spring-teeth connected to the frame, said teeth extending 3 5 upwardly and rcarwardly from the point of attachment and having a portion or portions of the same protected by guards or arms extending outwardly and upwardly from a point adjacent to the seats of said teeth, substan tially as described.

9. As a new article of manufacture, :a springtooth for a harrow and its attaching devices, consisting of the tooth, a seat for the same, and two or more diverging and upwardly and outwardly extending attaching-arms, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LE ROY W. STEVENS.

Witnesses:

W. M. BRINKERHOFF, JAMES E. ELDER.

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