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US3701625A - Process for the chemical treatment of textile goods - Google Patents

Process for the chemical treatment of textile goods Download PDF

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Publication number
US3701625A
US3701625A US819893A US3701625DA US3701625A US 3701625 A US3701625 A US 3701625A US 819893 A US819893 A US 819893A US 3701625D A US3701625D A US 3701625DA US 3701625 A US3701625 A US 3701625A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filter
treatment
chemical
treatment agent
textile goods
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Expired - Lifetime
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US819893A
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English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Helmut Sieber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boewe Boehler and Weber KG
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Boewe Boehler and Weber KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Boewe Boehler and Weber KG filed Critical Boewe Boehler and Weber KG
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Publication of US3701625A publication Critical patent/US3701625A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/90—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B9/00—Solvent-treatment of textile materials
    • D06B9/02—Solvent-treatment of textile materials solvent-dyeing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof

Definitions

  • a process for the chemical treatment of textile goods e.g. the dyeing, dressing or finishing of textile fibers, yarn, thread or fabric, wherein the chemical-treatment agent is slightly soluble in an organic solvent, especially perchlorethylene and trichloroethylene.
  • the slightly soluble chemical-treatment agent is introduced into a circulating stream of the solvent together with a filter-aid powder which is collected together with particles of the agent upon a porous wall before the liquid reaches the textile goods.
  • the chemical agent is depleted from the liquid contacting the goods, its recycling through the layer of treatment agent adsorbed upon the filter powder releases additional treatment agent to the solvent by dissolving therein. Consequently, undissolved particles of the treatment agent cannot accumulate on the fiber of other textile goods to cause blotching or irregular treatment.
  • My present invention relates to a process for the chemical treatment of textile goods and, more particularly, to a process for the treatment of fibers, yarn, thread, fabric and the like with dressing or finishing agents and to systems for dyeing such goods.
  • solvent treatment is intended to refer to the processing of the textile goods in a medium consisting predominantly of an organic solvent of the drycleaning type, usually perchlorethylene or trichloroethylene, which may be employed alone or may serve as the predominant component of a water-in-oil dispersion in which the treating agent is at least in part incorporated in emulsified water.
  • the water is suspended in the solvent without the aid of a chemical emulsifier and solely by mechanical action, the solvent and Water being present in a weight ratio of 2:1 to 50:1.
  • the solvent treatment insofar as the present application is concerned, may be a dyeing or other finishing or process treatment for such textile goods using a chemical-treatment agent which is slightly soluble in the liquid vehicle consisting predominantly of the organic solvent.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of a process for the dyeing and dressing of textile goods, e.g. yarn, fiber, thread and fabric, using a chemical-treatment agent or dyestuff which is slightly soluble in the liquid vehicle and yet which can be carried out without accumulation of insoluble treatment agent upon the textile goods.
  • a chemical-treatment agent or dyestuff which is slightly soluble in the liquid vehicle and yet which can be carried out without accumulation of insoluble treatment agent upon the textile goods.
  • Still another object of my present invention is to provide an improved process for the dyeing of textile fibers, yarns, threads and fabric.
  • the principle of the present invention is based upon the interaction of the filter powder and the insoluble chemical-treatment agent or dyestuff which is not only mechanically entrapped in the filter layer built up by the filter powder, but also is adsorbed thereon so as to remain in a fairly uniform distribution in the liquid vehicle, even when relatively large proportions of the insoluble treatment agent or dyestuff are present.
  • the filter powder introduced into the dyeing liquor appears to adsorb on the particles of the filter powder, without agglomerating at any point except the filtering layer mentioned earlier and thereby concentrates substantially all of the insoluble material at this filter layer through which the dye liquid passes to the textile goods. From the latter the dyeing liquor, partially depleted as a result of dye-pickup by the textile goods, is returned in the circulating path to the filter.
  • the filter layer appears to function as a reservoir for the dyestufi which meters the dyestufl into the dyeing liquor to compensate for the pickup by the fabric.
  • a noteworthy additional characteristic of the present system is the ability of the filter layer to ensure intimate contact between the dyeing liquor and the insoluble dyestuif stored in the filter, thereby increasing the speed of the dissolution as the dyeing liquor passes through the filter layer; it appears also that the filter layer allows passage only of particles of such microscopic or submicroscopic size that they remain uniformly suspended and, upon contact with the textile goods, do not irregularly color the latter or agglomerate in the form of blotches therein.
  • Deposition-type filters in which the porous body is formed in situ by particles entrained with the fluid to be filtered, have been proposed heretofore in numerous applications although not, to my knowledge, in connection with the dyeing and chemical treatment of fabric.
  • the filter layer serves merely to remove solid particles from the stream and thereby leaves the filtrate free from the component filtered therefrom.
  • porous plates, sieves, screens and the like serve to collect the filter-aid particles to constitute the deposition filter.
  • the filter particles only incidentally act as a solids-removing medium inasmuch as their primary function is to constitute a system for the controlled release of insoluble dyestuffs and chemical-treatment agent and a mixing medium for insuring intimate contact between the adsorbed insoluble matter and the liquid traversing the filter layer.
  • the system of the present invention appears to have an effect upon the nacure of the dyeing liquor prior to deposition of the filter particles at the porous plate or screen. It appears that the introduction of filter particles of kieselguhr or diatomaceous earth to the dyeing liquor with, and prior to the addition of the dyestulf thereto, maintains the treating agent in its finely divided form throughout the process and prevents agglomeration in the liquor.
  • the dyeing liquor contains an excess of the chemical-treatment agent beyond that which is soluble in the 'medium, the excess appears to adsorb on the filter particles and is finally locked into the filter layer so that an agglomeration to form massive particles or collection thereof in the liquor is precluded.
  • the finely divided chemical-treatment agent is available on the filter layer for rapid interaction with the medium and transfer thereto.
  • the solvent preferably perchlorethylene or trichloroethylene
  • the solvent picks up as much of the chemical-treatment agent stored in the filter layer as is soluble in the solvent which has prior to recirculation become somewhat depleted by virtue of the deposition of the treatment agent (e.g. dyestuff) on the textile goods.
  • the treatment agent e.g. dyestuff
  • the solvent will continue to take up the dyestuif from the filter layer to the limit of its solubility, i.e. until saturation with the dyestuif.
  • textile goods is intended here to include all types of fabric as Well as loose fiber, strands, rovings or sliver of fiber, twisted fiber in the form of thread and yarn, synthetic or natural fibers, and spun or extruded synthetic filaments, whether tightly wound or loose.
  • the present invention provides for the introduction of a filter powder together with the chemical-treatment agent and preferably in admixture therewith so that the association of chemical-treatment agent with the filter particles takes place prior to any agglomeration in the liquid medium.
  • the filter powder be mixed thoroughly with the chemical-treatment agent and the present invention, therefore, provides that the filter powder and treatment agent should be deposited upon the liquid-permeable surface one or more times prior to use of the liquor.
  • the invention includes the step of alternately breaking up the filter layer by backwashing the fluid-permeable wall and re-establishing the filter layer thereon, this cycle occurring at least several times prior to use of the liquid medium or during the course of treatment of the textile goods.
  • the liquor is heated prior to its passage through the filter layer, thereby increasing the solubility of the dyestutf or other chemical treatment agents in the solvent of the medium.
  • the present invention is applicable to liquid mediums consisting predominantly of organic solvents of the character described, whether the solvent is free from or contains water in suspension or emulsion form.
  • an apparatus for carrying out the aforedescribed process makes use of a treatment vessel in which the textile goods are brought into contact with the treating liquor, a pump and a deposition filter connected in series with one another and with this vessel for circulating the liquid medium through the filter before it reaches the treatment vessel.
  • the system can also include means for introducing the filter powder and chemical treatment (e.g. dyestufi?) into the circulating system upstream of the filter in the direction of circulation of the liquid and preferably upstream of the pump whose pressure side may be connected to the filter while its intake side is connected to the treatment vessel.
  • the pump thus acts as a homogenizer insuring thorough distribution of both the powder and the treatment agent in the solvent.
  • the apparatus may also include, as suggested earlier, a device for heating the liquor upstream of the filter, this means not only serving to increase the solubility of the treatment agent in the medium but also to decrease the viscosity of the latter and permit it to flow more readily through the filter.
  • the heating of the medium also provides an accurate way of controlling the proportion of slightly soluble chemical-treatment agent which will be found in the liquid medium inasmuch as solubility increases with increasing temperature.
  • the treatment vessel may be any of the systems used heretofore for the dyeing or drycleaning of textile goods, including rotary and oscillatory drum machines, beamtype dyeing apparatus, winding frame machine and the like. Best results, however, have been obtained with drum-type machines.
  • the intake or suction side of the pump may be connected with a solvent supply tank while the output side of the filter may lead to a distillation unit allowing recovery of the solvent in a pure state and removal of the filter cake from the filter.
  • Fresh solvent may also be added and I prefer to provide a bypass connectable across the fabric-treatment vessel so that the latter may be closed 01f while circulation is maintained through the bypass.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system for the dyeing of textile goods, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial section through a filter unit, in accordance with this invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of another apparatus for carrying out the invention.
  • FIG. 1 I show an apparatus for the chemical treatment of fabric and especially the dyeing of textiles which comprises a deposition-type filter 1 which is connected by a line 2 with the pressure side of a pump 6.
  • the outlet side of the filter 1 is connected via a line 5 with the treatment vessel 9, the liquid return being effected by a line 3 to the intake side of the pump 6.
  • a bypass 4 connects lines 3 and 5 so that a closed circulation path is established from pump 6 via line 2 through the filter 1 and return via lines 5, 4 and 3.
  • a pipe 11 is connected to line 4 and is provided with a valve 18 or some other closure device between this line and a hopper 12 through which filter powder, chemicaltreatment agent or dyestufi may be added upon removal of the cover 29.
  • a valve 28 is provided in a duct 28a leading from the line 5 to the hopper 12 so that, when valve 13, and valve 14 between line 5 and the treatment vessel 9, are closed valves 18 and 28 can be opened to entrain the filter powder and treatment agent with the solvent circulating in the system 6, 2, 1, 5, 28a, 11, 3 and 6.
  • I provided a needle trap 7 upstream of the pump 6 in the direction of circulation of the liquid medium (arrow A) which has a removable cover 7a through which filter powder and fabric-dressing chemicals can be introduced the circulating system.
  • the needle trap 7 can thus be constituted for the feed device 12 so that the latter and lines 11, 28a and valves 18, 28 can be eliminated
  • the system illustrated in FIG. 1 also comprises a freshsolvent supply tank 10 which may also serve as the reservoir receiving recovered solvent from a still, the tank 10 being connected by a valve 15 to line 5.
  • Line 5 is also connected to the treatment vessel 9 via a pipe 8 having a valve 14 interposed therebetween, a further valve 30 being positioned between line 3 and the treatment vessel.
  • I provide observation windows 31 and 32 through which the cloudiness, coloration or intensity of the circulated liquor can be viewed.
  • valves 13-17, 19, 28 and 30 permit of circulating the liquor through any of several circulated paths as will be apparent hereinafter. These valves may be operated remotely or by hand and may be automaticresponse valves adapted to react to a change in a parameter of the circulating medium.
  • a short circulating path is constituted from the pump 6 through the filter 1 and via the bypass 4 back to the pump, while a long circulating path extends from the pump 6 through the filter 1, the treatment vessel 9 and returns to the pump.
  • I provide a heating unit 20 along pipe 2 upstream of the filter 1.
  • a heating jacket 20' is provided around the treatment vessel 9.
  • treatment vessel 9 can be of any conventional type, e.g. a foulard-type fabric printing machine,
  • any of a number of dyeing machines such as beam-type, jigger, reel-type or paddle-dyeing machine
  • a perforated fabric-tumbling drum 21 which is rotated by a motor not shown and receives the fabric.
  • valve 15 When the valve 15 is open in the first stage in the operation of the device of FIG. 1, pure solvent from the supply tank 10 is passed either via line 8 or line 4 to the intake side of pump 6 and is circulated thereby through the filter 1. Either valve 13 or valve 14 is open together with valve 16. To form the filter layer, a solution or suspension of the fiber-dressing agent or dyestufi is mixed with filter powder and introduced into hopper 12 and is metered into the system by opening valves 18 and 28 and closing valve 14. It will be understood that addition of these components can be made through the filter 7 which is designed to remove relatively large articles to prevent them from entering the pump 6. Operation of pump 6 circulates the liquid medium and the filter powder and dyestuff entrained therein through the filter 1 whereupon it accumulates on the deposition surfaces which are of tubular configuration as represented generally at 22 so that tubular filter lines are formed.
  • FIG. 2 I have shown a typical filter built up in this manner.
  • the tubular filter element is a perforated wall 1a whose apertures 1b are connected to the suction side of the pump 6 along the exterior of the tube 1a.
  • a layer 23 of filter powder and nondissolved chemical-treatment agent forms along the interior wall of this tube to constitute the tubular filter element 22 whose inner surface 25 is represented in dash lines and receives the liquid .which passes therethrough in the direction of arrows B,
  • the chemical-treatment agent is locked into the filter layer 23 in the form of particles 24 with practically the original particle size of about several microns without any appreciable agglomeration.
  • the filter particles may be of the same particle size, but generally will be from 2 to 100 times larger.
  • the liquor passing into the vessel 9 via line is saturated with the dyestuff and transfers the dyestuff to the fabric.
  • the agitation of the fabric in the liquor insures contact of the latter with the textile goods and a uniform dyeing thereof.
  • No insoluble treatment agent is present in the circulating liquor to adversely affeet the textile goods of the form of blotches thereon.
  • the system can of course be operated with variations from the basic procedure described above. For instance, it is possible to build the filter layer while allowing the liquid medium to pass through the treatment vessel 9, e.g. prior to the introduction of the textile goods into the latter, or to circulate the medium along the shorter path via the bypass 4. Also the filling device 12 and its valves 28 and 18 can be provided in line 3 and, when it is desired to use a conventional drycleaning machine having the usual circulating system, it is merely necessary to use the filling device 12 and its valves 18, 28 or to introduce the filter powder and the treatment agent into the coarse filter 7 customarily provided ahead of the pump 6.
  • I For regeneration of the solvent, I provide a valve 17a leading to a still 17b from which the recovered solvent is returned to the tank 10, valves 16 and 17 being closed during this process.
  • the filter 1 may be backwashed by introducing fluid through line 27 and valve 17 into the filter 1 while closing valve 17c and opening valve 19 adapted to drain the filter through line 26.
  • the treatment bath toa temperature higher than ambient.
  • the fabric is found to be totally free of blotches and irregularities and, after draining of the solvent and rinsing, is dried.
  • FIG. 3 I have shown a somewhat simplified system for carrying out the present invention.
  • a pump 6' circulates the solvent via lines 33 and 34 through a vessel subdivided by a perforated partition 36 into a treatment chamber 38 in which the textile goods 37 are received and a filter compartment 35, 39 upstream of the treatment compartment.
  • the compartment 35 has a door 41 through which filter powder and dyestuff can be introduced to form a mixture which, as it deposits on the perforated Wall 36, forms a filter layer of the character previously described.
  • the mixture of filter particles and insoluble treatment agent is represented at 35.
  • the chamber 38 has a door 40 through which the textile goods may be introduced.
  • a valve 44 in line 34 permits the closure of this line to allow solvent to be introduced to the system at the beginning of the operation while a valve drain 43 permits emptying thereof.
  • a process for the dyeing of textile goods with a dyestulf comprising the steps of:
  • a dyestuif liquor prior to contacting the textile goods with a dyestuif liquor, introducing dyestuif particles into a solvent selected from the group which consists of perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene in which the dyestuff is slightly soluble at room temperature, said solvent also containing insoluble filter particles, thereby forming a dye treating liquor;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US819893A 1968-04-26 1969-04-28 Process for the chemical treatment of textile goods Expired - Lifetime US3701625A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT408568A AT287630B (de) 1968-04-26 1968-04-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Lösung zum Färben oder Ausrüsten von Fasern, Textilien od.dgl.

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US3701625A true US3701625A (en) 1972-10-31

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US819893A Expired - Lifetime US3701625A (en) 1968-04-26 1969-04-28 Process for the chemical treatment of textile goods

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US (1) US3701625A (de)
AT (1) AT287630B (de)
DE (1) DE1918309A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2007032A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1254953A (de)
SU (1) SU371706A3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3957429A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-05-18 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Process for the pretreatment or finishing of materials with application of a short liquor ratio
US4601831A (en) * 1984-10-03 1986-07-22 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Antimicrobial adjustment technique
CN112934025A (zh) * 2021-04-15 2021-06-11 上海千立自动化设备有限公司 一体式水泵双循环式搅拌器

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3957429A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-05-18 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Process for the pretreatment or finishing of materials with application of a short liquor ratio
US4601831A (en) * 1984-10-03 1986-07-22 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Antimicrobial adjustment technique
CN112934025A (zh) * 2021-04-15 2021-06-11 上海千立自动化设备有限公司 一体式水泵双循环式搅拌器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1918309A1 (de) 1969-11-20
SU371706A3 (de) 1973-02-22
FR2007032A1 (de) 1970-01-02
GB1254953A (en) 1971-11-24
AT287630B (de) 1971-01-25

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