US3681101A - Method of preparing pigment composition - Google Patents
Method of preparing pigment composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3681101A US3681101A US79708A US3681101DA US3681101A US 3681101 A US3681101 A US 3681101A US 79708 A US79708 A US 79708A US 3681101D A US3681101D A US 3681101DA US 3681101 A US3681101 A US 3681101A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pigment
- silicate
- composition
- added
- sulfate
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/40—Compounds of aluminium
- C09C1/405—Compounds of aluminium containing combined silica, e.g. mica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/90—Other properties not specified above
Definitions
- This invention relates to a new composition of matter which is useful as a pigment composition for the paper industry.
- the composition comprises an intimate mixture of TiO-,,, Al O -SiO -H O and CaSO BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
- pigment materials have been used in the paper industry for opacifying .the paper. Among those most commonly used are opacifiers such as TiO and zinc oxide pigments and extenders such as clays, silicates, carbonates and the like.
- the instant invention is concerned with the use of titanium dioxide pigment used in conjunction with silicate extenders such as calcium silicate and aluminum silicate.
- the paper pulp is admixed with the opacifiers and extenders and to the mixture is added resins for sizing and alum for flocculating the size.
- the opacifiers and extenders have been used in the past as the extender in conjunction with TiO' pigment, it has been found that some of the calcium silicate reacts with the alum present thus reducing the amount of alum available for flocculation.
- composition of matter is prepared as follows:
- step (2) Adding aluminum sulfate to said reaction products to form a slurry of aluminum silicate and calcium sulfate having a pH of 4.0 to 6.0, the amount of aluminum sulfate added being suflicient to react with all of the calcium silicate formed in step (1) and in addition the amount of aluminum sulfate to react with all of the remaining sodium silicate which was unreacted in step (1);
- the amount of aluminum sulfate needed to react with the calcium silicate and the sodium silicate present in the reaction mixture is /3 mole of aluminum sulfate for each mole of calcium silicate plus /3 mole of aluminum sulfate for each mole of sodium silicate.
- Example 1 In this example 1000 parts of a gypsum slurry containing 4.4% CaS O were prepared. To this slurry was added a sodium silicate solution diluted to 92 g.p.l. SI'Og- The amount of sodium silicate added was 256 parts of N- Brand sodium silicate (Na O'3.33-'SiO which is a 9% excess of sodium silicate over the theoretical amount to form the following reaction:
- the sodium silicate solution was added to the gypsum slurry over a period of 25 minutes. After all of the sodium silicate solution was added, the mixture was agitated for an additional 30 minutes.
- the slurry was then deliquored and washed with 6 liters of demineralized water heated to 60 C. which was equivalent to 3 volumes of water for each volume of slurry. After washing, 714 g. of wet filter cake containing 21% solids were mixed with 350 g. titanium dioxide pigment slurries in 1 liter of water. The mixture was agitated for 20 minutes. The slurry mixture was then deliquored and dried at 110 C. overnight. The dried composition was then thoroughly milled.
- the milled product had the following properties:
- the opacity was determined in a 5% pigment handsheet described in TAPPI-I-425 test in which the pigment in the hand-sheet consisted of varying amounts of Ti0 and the extender composition of the instant invention. The opacity is recorded as percent contrast ratio.
- the milled product contained 66.6% TiO and when tested in the 5% pigment handsheet, the contrast ratio was 86%.
- the opacity was also determined in a 5% pigment handsheet in which the amount of TiO was 50% instead of 66.6% and the opacity measured as percent contrast ratio was This is recorded in the table as Example 1a.
- the opacity was measured in a 5% pigment hand-sheet in which the pigment was titanium dioxide (no extender) and the percent contrast ratio was only 85%.
- titanium dioxide pigment may be added at any stage in the process after the calcium silicate has been formed but before the final milling step.
- Example 2-4 In these examples the procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that various amounts of sodium silicate and aluminum sulfate were employed. The titanium dioxide pigment was also added at various stages.
- step (1) the amount of aluminum sulfate to react with all of the remaining sodium silicate which was unreacted in step (1);
- a method for preparing an intimate and homogeneous composition of matter which comprises:
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Abstract
THIS INVENTION RELATES TO A NEW COMPOSITION OF MATTER WHICH IS USEFUL AS A PIGMENT COMPOSITION FOR THE PAPER INDUSTRY. THE COMPOSITION COMPRISES AN INTIMATE MIXTURE OF TIO2, AL2O3.SIO2.H2O AND CASO4.
Description
United States Patent 3,681,101 METHOD OF PREPARING PIGMENT COMPOSITION Thomas S. Grifiin, Webster Groves, Warren Rodgers, St. Louis, and Charles R. Trampier, Jr., Webster Groves, Mo., assignors to N. L. Industries, Inc., New York,
No brawing. Filed Oct. 9, 1970, Ser. No. 79,708 Int. Cl. C09c 1/00, 1/02, N36 US. Cl. 106-299 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to a new composition of matter which is useful as a pigment composition for the paper industry. The composition comprises an intimate mixture of TiO-,,, Al O -SiO -H O and CaSO BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Many types of pigment materials have been used in the paper industry for opacifying .the paper. Among those most commonly used are opacifiers such as TiO and zinc oxide pigments and extenders such as clays, silicates, carbonates and the like. The instant invention is concerned with the use of titanium dioxide pigment used in conjunction with silicate extenders such as calcium silicate and aluminum silicate.
In preparing paper, the paper pulp is admixed with the opacifiers and extenders and to the mixture is added resins for sizing and alum for flocculating the size. Although calcium silicate has been used in the past as the extender in conjunction with TiO' pigment, it has been found that some of the calcium silicate reacts with the alum present thus reducing the amount of alum available for flocculation.
[It would therefore be desirable to produce a new composition of matter which contains the opacifying agent and an extender which does not adversely effect the chemical reagents used in the paper making process while at the same time produce a paper which has high opacity, particularly dry hiding power.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A new composition of matter has been produced which comprises an intimate and homogeneous mixture of the following constituents:
Percent where x in said Al O -xSiO is 3-12 moles SiO for each mole of A1 0 and where y is 20*% of said A1 O -xSiO all percentages in said composition expressed on a weight basis.
The composition of matter is prepared as follows:
(1) Reacting an aqueous slurry of calcium sulfate with a sodium silicate solution to form an aqueous slurry of calcium silicate containing soluble sodium sulfate, the amount of silica in said sodium silicate being from 0.7 to 4.0 moles of silica for each mole of Na O and the amount of sodium silicate added being from 1.1 to 2.0 moles for each mole of calcium sulfate present;
(2) Adding aluminum sulfate to said reaction products to form a slurry of aluminum silicate and calcium sulfate having a pH of 4.0 to 6.0, the amount of aluminum sulfate added being suflicient to react with all of the calcium silicate formed in step (1) and in addition the amount of aluminum sulfate to react with all of the remaining sodium silicate which was unreacted in step (1);
3,681,101 Patented Aug. 1, 1972 (3) Washing the reacted products with water to remove the sodium sulfate therefrom;
(4) Adding a titanium dioxide pigment to said mixture; and thereafter drying and milling said products.
The amount of aluminum sulfate needed to react with the calcium silicate and the sodium silicate present in the reaction mixture is /3 mole of aluminum sulfate for each mole of calcium silicate plus /3 mole of aluminum sulfate for each mole of sodium silicate.
Example 1 In this example 1000 parts of a gypsum slurry containing 4.4% CaS O were prepared. To this slurry was added a sodium silicate solution diluted to 92 g.p.l. SI'Og- The amount of sodium silicate added was 256 parts of N- Brand sodium silicate (Na O'3.33-'SiO which is a 9% excess of sodium silicate over the theoretical amount to form the following reaction:
With rapid agitation the sodium silicate solution was added to the gypsum slurry over a period of 25 minutes. After all of the sodium silicate solution was added, the mixture was agitated for an additional 30 minutes.
An aluminum sulfate solution containing 0.05 g. Al O ml. was added with agitation to the calcium silicate sodium sulfate mixture at the rate of 1 0 mL/minute until a pH of 5.0 was reached. A total of 11.2 grams of aluminum sulfate calculated as A1 0 were added. After the aluminum sulfate has been added the agitation was continued for 60 minutes.
The slurry was then deliquored and washed with 6 liters of demineralized water heated to 60 C. which was equivalent to 3 volumes of water for each volume of slurry. After washing, 714 g. of wet filter cake containing 21% solids were mixed with 350 g. titanium dioxide pigment slurries in 1 liter of water. The mixture was agitated for 20 minutes. The slurry mixture was then deliquored and dried at 110 C. overnight. The dried composition was then thoroughly milled.
The milled product had the following properties:
TiO Volatile matter pH Oil absorption 48.0 Opacity in paper hand sheets, percent contrast ratio 86 The oil absorption was determined by the standard ASTM-D28131 test.
The opacity was determined in a 5% pigment handsheet described in TAPPI-I-425 test in which the pigment in the hand-sheet consisted of varying amounts of Ti0 and the extender composition of the instant invention. The opacity is recorded as percent contrast ratio.
In this particular example the milled product contained 66.6% TiO and when tested in the 5% pigment handsheet, the contrast ratio was 86%.
The opacity was also determined in a 5% pigment handsheet in which the amount of TiO was 50% instead of 66.6% and the opacity measured as percent contrast ratio was This is recorded in the table as Example 1a.
For comparison, the opacity was measured in a 5% pigment hand-sheet in which the pigment was titanium dioxide (no extender) and the percent contrast ratio was only 85%.
It has also been discovered that the titanium dioxide pigment may be added at any stage in the process after the calcium silicate has been formed but before the final milling step.
Examples 2-4 In these examples the procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that various amounts of sodium silicate and aluminum sulfate were employed. The titanium dioxide pigment was also added at various stages.
In all cases the results were substantially the same as that described in Example 1.
The operational details and results obtained are recorded in the following table along with those of Example 1.
addition the amount of aluminum sulfate to react with all of the remaining sodium silicate which was unreacted in step (1);
(3) washing the reacted products with water to remove the sodium sulfate therefrom;
(4) adding a titanium dioxide pigment to said mixture,
the amount of titanium dioxide pigment being sulfi- After calcium silicate formation.
It has clearly been shown that the new composition of matter which contains only 40 to 85% TiO possesses opacities in paper hand-sheets (at 5% pigment level) equal to or better than hand-sheets containing 100% TiO as the pigment employed.
While this invention has been described and illustrated by the examples shown, it is not intended to be strictly limited thereto, and other variations and modifications may be employed within the scope of the following claims.
We claim:
1. A method for preparing an intimate and homogeneous composition of matter which comprises:
(1) reacting an aqueous slurry of calcium sulfate with a sodium silicate solution to form an aqueous slurry of calcium silicate containing soluble sodium sulfate, the amount of silica in said sodium silicate being from 0.7 to 4.0 moles of silica for each mole of Na O and the amount of sodium silicate added being from 1.1 to 2.0 moles for each mole of calcium sulfate present;
(2) adding aluminum sulfate to said reaction products to form a slurry of aluminum silicate and calcium sulfate having a pH of 4.0 to 5.5, the amount of aluminum sulfate added being sufficient to react with all of the calcium silicate formed in step (1) and in References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,786,758 3/1957 Taylor 106-306 X 2,786,776 3/ 1957 Allen 106306 X 2,786,777 3/1957 Allen 106--306 2,943,971 7/1960 Taylor 106-306 X 3,528,836 9/1970 Craig 106300 3,567,480 3/1971 Craig.
TOBIAS E. LEVOW, Primary Examiner H. M. S. SNEED, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 106-300, 306
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US7970870A | 1970-10-09 | 1970-10-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3681101A true US3681101A (en) | 1972-08-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79708A Expired - Lifetime US3681101A (en) | 1970-10-09 | 1970-10-09 | Method of preparing pigment composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US3681101A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3883470A (en) * | 1971-08-31 | 1975-05-13 | Ncr Co | TiO{HD 2 {B pigmented coatings, credit cards and processes relating thereto |
| US4735973A (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1988-04-05 | Brander John J | Additive for sand based molding aggregates |
| WO1993001883A2 (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-02-04 | Industrial Progress, Inc. | Structural aggregate-tio2 pigment products |
| US20080187563A1 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2008-08-07 | Ehud Levy | Oxygen delivery compositon |
-
1970
- 1970-10-09 US US79708A patent/US3681101A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3883470A (en) * | 1971-08-31 | 1975-05-13 | Ncr Co | TiO{HD 2 {B pigmented coatings, credit cards and processes relating thereto |
| US4735973A (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1988-04-05 | Brander John J | Additive for sand based molding aggregates |
| WO1993001883A2 (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-02-04 | Industrial Progress, Inc. | Structural aggregate-tio2 pigment products |
| WO1993001883A3 (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-04-01 | Ind Progress Inc | Structural aggregate-tio2 pigment products |
| US20080187563A1 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2008-08-07 | Ehud Levy | Oxygen delivery compositon |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NL CHEMICALS, INC., A CORP. OF DE., NEW YORK Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NL INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004661/0323 Effective date: 19861118 Owner name: NL CHEMICALS, INC., 1230 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, N Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:NL INDUSTRIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004661/0323 Effective date: 19861118 |