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US3661328A - Pulp refining system and process - Google Patents

Pulp refining system and process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3661328A
US3661328A US23592A US3661328DA US3661328A US 3661328 A US3661328 A US 3661328A US 23592 A US23592 A US 23592A US 3661328D A US3661328D A US 3661328DA US 3661328 A US3661328 A US 3661328A
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Prior art keywords
segment
refining
refiner
fibers
raw
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US23592A
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Raymond A Leask
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Bauer Brothers Co
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Bauer Brothers Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/30—Disc mills
    • D21D1/303—Double disc mills
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam

Definitions

  • the first stage refining is conducted under controlled conditions providing a moderate elevated pressure and subsequent disc refining is effected under atmospheric pressure conditions.'
  • the unique result is a bright fiber yield equal to that available in straight atmospheric refining. More importantly, the yield is achieved with a minimum of power.
  • a most significant result of the invention process is an unexpected reduction in bulk of the fiber furnished.
  • pressurized double disc refining has produced some uniquely advantageous results particularly beneficial in the manufacture of end products such ashardboard or pressed type boards, there has been no satisfactory procedure for producing fibers which are amenable to further treatment and refining after a first pressurized refining, as required to enable use of the fibers for quality paper products.
  • pressurized double disc refining has been recognized to some degree, no one has previously been able to fully exploit the potential of this relatively new concept.
  • the present invention substantially advances the benefits available in the practice of pressurized double disc refining. It provides a unique system and process which produces several unexpected results. It enables the successful retention of the benefits of pressurized double disc refining while overcoming the previously known disadvantages. By virtue of the invention one may now apply pressurized double disc refining in a multistage refining process to result in a yield equivalent to that afforded by straight atmospheric refining and in a fiber product of reduced bulk, wherein the fibers are longer and stronger and adequately bright to enable their application not only to improved newsprint but even higher quality paper products.
  • the first stage disc refiner preferably, will be included in a segment of the system which is pressurized.
  • the pressure in this segment will be elevated but moderate, as will be further described, and within the pressurized segment raw materials will be moved to and through the first stage refiner in a condition characterized by the exclusion of liquid except that embodied in the raw material per se.
  • the period the raw materials will be within the pressurized segment will be extremely limited, for example to a time interval of approximately oneminute.
  • the pressurized double disc refining will be followed, normally, by at least one atmospheric refining stage.
  • An important object of the invention is to produce a refiner groundwood having reduced bulk and one in which the fibers are predominantly individual and have improved physical characteristics lending themselves to use in a variety of quality paper products.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a system and process for producing refiner groundwood utilizing pressurized double disc refining whereby to make the resultant fiber product more susceptible to further treatment and refining for high grade paper products.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a system and process for producing improved fibers possessing the advantageous features, the inherent meritorious characteristics and the means and mode of application herein described.
  • FIG. 1 is a generally diagrammatic view demonstrating the invention system in a preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a crosssectional view of a double disc refiner such as utilized in the first refining stage of the system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fiow diagram representing the invention system of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 present modifications of the system as illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 3.
  • the continuous flow system of the invention is shown to include a chip bin 10 having at its bottom a crossscrew feeder 11.
  • a discharge outlet 12 of the feeder 11 opens directly to the top of a downwardly convergent hopper 13.
  • the latter discharges directly to the inlet 14 of a rotary valve 15, the outlet 16 of which is in open communication with the inlet to a horizontal conditioning tube 17.
  • Within and extending the length of the tube 17 is a feed screw 18, the shaft 19 of which bears in the respective closure plates to the ends of the tube.
  • One end of the shaft 19 projects to mount a pulley 20 through the medium of which the screw 18 is driven from a power source in the form of a variable speed motor 21.
  • the inlet of the tube 17 is to one end thereof and to its top.
  • the outlet or discharge opening of the tube 17 is at its opposite end and to its bottom. This last is connected by a tubular chute 22 to the inlet at one end of a tube housing a cross-feed screw 23.
  • the screw 23 discharges directly to the inlet 24 of the double disc refiner 25.
  • material passing through the inlet 24 will be conventionally directed to and through divergent passages 26 in the refiner disc 27 which positions most adjacent the inlet 24.
  • the passages 26 are circularly spaced about the hub of the disc which mounts on one end of the drive shaft 27'.
  • a fiinger which on rotation thereof will function on the delivered material to direct the same outwardly for refining between the relatively rotating operating surfaces of the opposed refiner discs 27 and 28.
  • the housing 29 for the discs 27 and 28 has a discharge opening defined by one end of a discharge conduit 30.
  • a V" type valve 31 is a valve which may be automatically controlled in a conventional manner to maintain, as required, a pressure seal across the outlet from the housing 29.
  • the valve 15 is also of the nature to fonn a pressure seal, in this case across the inlet to conditioning tube 17. Accordingly, between the valves 15 and 31 there is a segment of the invention system the components of which are in direct and open communication and such segment is thereby conditioned to be pressurized, as required.
  • the efiect of the open communication in said segment is that the temperature and pressure therein will be substantially the same throughout. The conditions applied in accordance with the invention will be further described.
  • the discharge end of the conduit 30 connects with and opens to the tangential inlet 32 of a cyclone separator 33.
  • the latter has a generally conical shape and is provided in the top or base thereof with an overflow tube 34 defining an outlet for discharge of steam and with an underflow opening formed at its dependent apex. Through this underflow opening are discharged the fiber products resulting from the pressurized refining procedure carried out in the double disc refiner 25. Attention is directed to the fact that there is connected into the separator 33, at the point where the tangential inlet merges with the body of the separator 33, nozzle means 37.
  • the latter are connected to a suitable source of supply to direct a shower of water under pressure, or other suitable fluid, in a sense across the tangential inlet and at right angles to the inflow therefrom.
  • the shower functions to wet and cool down the fiber products and by the nature of its direction will produce therein an added separation.
  • the fiber discharge from the apex opening of the separator is directed to a cross-screw feeding device 38, of a conventional nature, which directs the fiber products issuing from the separator to a further double disc refiner 39.
  • This last may be similar to the refiner 25 with the exception that it is open to the atmosphere and there is produced therein a condition for atmospheric refining.
  • valve 15 is a conventional rotary valve embodying a vaned rotor 41 which includes peripheral and circumferentially spaced pockets 42.
  • each pocket 42 successively presents itself to receive from the hopper 13 a charge of raw material, which charge it then carries to the inlet to the tube 17 for delivery therein to one end of the feed screw 18.
  • the discharged pocket then returns to receive another charge from the hopper 13.
  • the vaned rotor turns in a counter-clockwise direction and it will be observed that there is connected in the periphery of its valve housing a conduit to relieve from each pocket, as it approaches the valve inlet to receive a fresh charge of raw material, the steam which exists therein as a result of its communication with the tube 17.
  • This exhaust conduit identified as 43, connects to the tangential inlet of an exhaust cyclone separator 44.
  • the latter includes an overflow pipe 45 for discharge of any gas or steam delivered to the separator, while the open apex of the cyclone 44 delivers from the separator any fibers which are transmitted from the rotary valve and directs the same to the bin to re-enter the system with the fresh raw material.
  • a steam header 46 from which steam header leads two lines identified, respectively, as 47 and 48.
  • the one line 47 is a conventional purge line in connection with the end bells of the rotary valve 15.
  • the line 48 carries steam at system pressure and has a branch in connection with the rotary valve to pressure the charge in each valve pocket immediately prior to discharge to the tube 17 and a second branch 49 connecting into the tube 17 to provide therein the desired elevated pressure and conditioning environment.
  • a balance line 51 the respective ends of which inter-connect with and open to the discharge ends of the tube 17 and the cross-feed tube 23.
  • the object of this last line is to insure a maintenance of a substantially uniform pressure in the pressurized portion of the invention system between the valves and 31.
  • the process is conducted by the continuous delivery of the Pinus Radiata in the chip, shavings and sawdust form into the bin 10.
  • the material is fed from the bottom of the bin 10 by the feeder screw 11 which, in accordance with the control of its speed, meters the same to drop into the hopper 13.
  • the latter functions to successively fill the pockets 42 of the vaned rotor of the valve 15 which successively present themselves to align with the valve inlet 14.
  • the vaned rotor turns the raw materials in the pockets are discharged in their natural raw state to the feed screw 18 in the pressurized segment of the system.
  • the degree of temperature and the pressure is so established to provide a moderate elevation thereof which is insufficient to irreversibly change the nature of the bonding agents in the raw materials. In reference to wood it is so limited to produce only some slight degree of softening of the lignin content. This is important to the practice of the invention.
  • the extremely rapid movement of the raw material into and out of the pressurized segment of the invention system insures the conditioning time is so controlled that there is insufficient exposure of the raw materials which would induce, in any way, any degradation of the material fibers or their brightness by reason of the pressurized environment and elevated temperature.
  • the level and condition of the environment as specified is such that there is essentially no change in the moisture content of the raw material.
  • the raw material enters the housing 29 of the pressurized double disc refiner 25, it is characterized by a lack of attendant fluid or any moisture other than that contained in the body of the material per se.
  • the material moves into the eye of the refiner, it is inherently and quickly flung outwardly between the operating surfaces of the refiner discs 27 and 28 and almost instantaneously flung into the pressurized chamber defined by the housing 29 and caused to exit to the discharge conduit 30, its passage therethrough being controlled by the automatically functioning valve 31 which is set to function as needs require.
  • the fiber structure is said to be serrated.
  • Pit border failure and irregularities at the ray crosssings derive in the first instance from failure of the hollow wall structure of a fiber and in the second instance in the course of the breaking of the fiber bundles which are normally wrapped in rays which form a tie about the body thereof.
  • the type of surface irregularities produced in the fibers exposes microfibrillar surface which is rich in cellulose and contains smaller amounts of hemicellulose and lignin.
  • the reduced raw material together with the embodied moisture content is at substantially the elevated temperature of the pressurized segment of the system.
  • This material discharge which is in the form of fibers and fiber bundles as previously described is blown through valve 31 and to the tangential inlet of the cyclone separator 33. There is some temperature reduction immediately after the valve. At the point of entry the incoming material is hit crosswise by a quenching spray of water directed at right angles to the direction of its inflow. This wets down the fiber product consisting predominantly of fibers together with fiber bundles and reduces its consistency.
  • any system steam is directed for discharge through its overflow nozzle while the cooled fiber product is directed through the apex of the separator in the course of a swirling motion thereof from the tangential inlet to the apex. It is noted that this procedure prevents the fiber product from being exposed, before cooling, to atmospheric conditions which would degrade its brightness. By this means, therefore, one avoids premature contact of the fiber product of the pressurized segment of the system with oxygen which would darken and degrade the fibers.
  • the wet down fiber product is directed by way of a screw feeder 38 to an atmospheric double disc refiner 39.
  • the latter will further refine the fiber product of the pressurized segment to increase the single fiber content.
  • the refiner 39 is preferably a double disc refiner of the character described previously in reference to the double disc pressurized refiner 25.
  • the invention contemplates two refiners 39 in series for producing an extremely high quality newsprint.
  • Another feature of the invention system is that the fiber product which comes out of the pressurized segment of the system here disclosed can have essentially the same moisture content as the natural raw material which is fed into the system to produce thefiber products.
  • the pressure may be varied up to 10 p.s.i.g. with similar benefits and the conditioning time to the eye of the refiner varied by a minute more or less without departing from the basic concept of the invention and retaining its advantages.
  • the I-IPD/T on may vary but in preferred environmental conditions will not exceed from about 15 to 20 HPD/Ton.
  • the system of FIG. 1 may be advantageously modified to eliminate the conditioning tube 17.
  • the outlet 16 of rotary valve 15 will be coupled directly to the inlet of the tube housing the cross feed screw 23.
  • the pressurized segment of the system between valves 15 and 31 will now be limited to include the housing for feed screw 23 and the double revolving disc refiner 25.
  • the use and end result of the system will be essentially as previously described, the conditioning period from the valve 15 to the eye of refiner 25 being generally capable of being shortened to less than 1 minute. Brightness of the end product can be somewhat improved by this change.
  • the further advantage is that where the material so permit there is a savings in capital investment and an added savings in power.
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and S of the drawings Further modifications of the invention system and process are illustrated diagrammatic and in flow sequence in FIGS. 3, 4 and S of the drawings.
  • FIG. 3 there is a second double disc refining procedure under atmospheric conditions to refine further the product of the first atmospheric double disc refining as previously described with reference to the system of FIG. 1.
  • This additional atmospheric refining decreases the freeness of the fiber product previously described but produces the unexpected ability and capacity of the individual fibers discharged to interlock and interlace as incorporated in and forwarded for the creation of fiber products of a quality nature.
  • FIG. 4 of the drawings A modification of a different nature is exhibited in FIG. 4 of the drawings.
  • a press 60 preferably of the type known in the trade as a Pressafiner.
  • this screw press or Pressafiner there is a continuing feed from the source of supply to the chip bin 10, in the process of which feed there is a controlled pressing and squeezing of the raw materials.
  • the net effect is to mechanically loosen, to a limited degree, the fibers of the raw materials and to simultaneously extract some of its resinous content and color bodies.
  • a primary advantage of the addition of the Pressafiner is a power saving and a reduction of the wear factor on the disc refining surfaces due to the reduced load resulting.
  • FIG. 5 here in place of the Pressafiner, shown in FIG. 4, there is substituted what is known in the trade as an Impressafiner" 61.
  • the latter functions not only to squeeze and press but as a medium to incorporate in the body of the raw material itself, some fluid which may be either water or chemical solution. It is noted that in this system the pressurized environment between the valves 15 and 31 is again as previously described.
  • the natural raw material as here diagrammatically shown is delivered into and through the screw type press constituting the lmpressafiner," there is a pressing and squeezing action on the material which tends to machanically effect some separation of the fibers and to open up the raw material.
  • a limited amount of fluid which may be water or chemical solution as above noted is metered into the housing of the Impressafiner" to provide that the same will enter the body of the fragments of the raw material to increase somewhat their moisture content.
  • a chemical application may be used to introduce into the raw material, for example, about l to 2 percent Sodium Sulphite based on oven dry wood.
  • the present invention concept has produced unexpected and unobvious results. It provides means for utilization of the new found advantages of refining in a double revolving disc refiner to the end of producing a quality refiner ground wood product with minimal bulk. Unique aspects reside also in the discovery of a method whereby to condition materials in their natural state without appreciably changing their moisture content, and in a double disc pressurized refining procedure which has proven to separate fibers so as to render them much more receptive and readily adaptable for a great variety of treatments for a great variety of purposes.
  • the expansion of the market for refiner groundwood which is provided by the invention is unmeasurable. It opens new avenues for reducing the cost of high quality paper products including improved newsprint. It further provides means whereby power requirements for a system of pulp refining may be minimized with optimal advantages resulting.
  • a pulp refining process comprising the steps of maintaining a refining segment ofa pulping system under seal, moving through said segment, in the initial portion thereof, raw fibrous material substantially exclusive of attendant liquid except that contained in the body thereof, during said movement subjecting said material to a conditioning fluid in a substantially gaseous state under conditions which inhibit addition to the moisture content of said raw material, in the final portion of said refining segment subjecting the raw material, which is still maintained substantially exclusive of attendant liquid except for its moisture content, to a separating action under the influence of opposed refining surfaces, one of which rotates relative the other, to produce elongate fibers and fiber bundles wherein outer surface portions are roughened to break their wall structure, said raw material being introduced into said segment in a high consistency form ranging from 30-92 percent solids, and controlling addition of the conditioning fluid to subject said raw material in said refining segment to pressure in the range of 25-35 p.s.i.g.
  • a process as in claim 1 characterized by maintaining steam in said segment under a pressure of about 30 p.s.i.g. while maintaining the separation of said opposed refining surfaces under 0.040 inches.
  • a process as in claim 2 characterized bylimiting the time interval of said raw material in said refining segment of the pulping system to a period of from approximately 5% minute to about 2 minutes.
  • a process as in claim 3 characterized by limiting the conditioning interval to about 1 minute.
  • a pulp refining process comprising the steps of maintaining a refining segment of a pulping system under seal, establishing therein an elevated pressure under 50 p.s.i.g., moving through said segment, in the initial portion thereof, raw fibrous material substantially exclusive of attendant liquid except that contained in the body thereof, during said movement subjecting said material to a conditioning fluid in a substantially gaseous state under conditions which inhibit addition to the moisture content of said raw material, and in the final portion of said refining segment subjecting the raw material, which is still maintained substantially exclusive of attendant liquid except for its moisture content, to a separating action under the influence of opposed refining surfaces, one of which rotates relative the other, to produce elongate fibers and fiber bundles wherein outer surface portions are roughened to break their wall structure, said process as applied to wood and like substance in the form of chips, shavings and sawdust separating the raw materials so as to produce in the separated fibers irregularities of a nature to expose their microfibrillar surface which is rich in cellulose, continuously forwarding the fiber
  • a pulp refining process comprising the steps of maintaining a refining segment of a pulping system under seal, establishing therein an elevated pressure under 50 p.s.i.g., moving through said segment, in the initial portion thereof, raw fibrous material substantially exclusive of attendant liquid except that contained in the body thereof, during said movement subjecting said material to a conditioning fluid in a substantially gaseous state under conditions which inhibit addition to the moisture content of said raw material, in the final portion of said refining segment subjecting the raw material, which is still maintained substantially exclusive of attendant liquid except for its moisture content, to a separating action under the influence of opposed refining surfaces, one of which rotates relative the other to produce elongated fibers and fiber bundles wherein outer surface portions are roughened to break their wall structure, and mechanically loosening the fibers of the raw material prior to said refining segment.
  • a process as in claim 6 characterized by introducing conditioning fluid in the body of the raw material having loosened fibers to the extent it will accommodate the same, immediately prior to the said refining segment, and inhibiting in the process free liquid attending the raw material in moving to and between the opposed refining surfaces.
  • a system for refining fibrous materials comprising a double revolving disc refiner, means for feeding raw fibrous material to said refiner in fragment, shavings and dust form and means for directing said materials from said disc refiner for further treatment characterized by means sealing therebetween at least a portion of said feeding means and said disc refiner to provide in said system a pressurized segment thereof, and, applied to said pressurized segment, means to provide a controlled and limited weakening of said raw material in an environment wherein there is essentially an absence of free liquid, said refiner receiving the weakened material and providing means for a breaking and fibrillation of surface portions of the separated fibers.
  • a system as in claim 8 characterized by said weakening means including steam delivery means for establishing in said pressurized segment a pressure not greater than 50 p.s.i.g. and a correspondingly moderate elevated temperature.
  • a system as in claim 9 characterized by an initial portion of said feeding means including means for pressing and squeezing said raw material to partially loosen the bond between fibers thereof prior to the material entering said pressurized segment and moving to and between the double revolving discs therein, thereby providing in part said weakening means.
  • a system as in claim 9 characterized by means connected to said pressurized segment for mechanically loosening fibers of said raw material prior to entering said pressurized segment and applying in the body of said material conditioning fluid in a manner to inhibit the creation of free liquid attendant the raw material as fed to said pressurized segment.
  • a system as in claim 8 characterized in that the double revolving discs of said refiner are opposed and have the operating surfaces thereof spaced apart a distance not greater than about 0.040 inches.
  • a system as set forth in claim 12 characterized by said operating surfaces being spaced apart a distance between about 0.005 to 0.040 inches.
  • a system as set forth in claim 14 characterized by said quenching and cooling means being embodied in a cyclone separator in connection with said double revolving disc refiner to receive its discharge, said quenching and cooling means being positioned at the entrance to said cyclone separator.
  • a system as set forth in claim 15 characterized by said quenching and cooling means being arranged to direct fluid directly across the inflow of the discharge from said double revolving disc refiner to said cyclone separator.
  • a system as set forth in claim 16 characterized by at least one atmospheric double revolving disc refiner connected with said cyclone to receive the fiber products discharge therefrom and to apply thereto a secondary atmospheric refining whereby to produce elongate strong fibers having a tendency to interlace and interlock and to achieve a reduced bulk form.
  • Apparatus as set forth in claim 17 characterized by a second atmospheric double revolving disc refiner in series connection with said secondary refiner.
  • a pulp refining system comprising means for conditioning raw fibrous material to only partially weaken the agents which bond its fibers, further means to act thereon to reduce the same to elongate fibers and fiber bundles and means to control the pressure of the environment of said conditioning and refining means providing that said fibers and fiber bundles issue from said refiner with surface portions thereof lamellated and fibrillated.
  • a pulp refining process comprising the steps of defining a closed refiner segment including a treatment chamber and beyond said chamber a disc refiner comprised of opposed counter rotating double discs, putting raw fibrous material through said segment first through said chamber and then between the discs of said double disc refiner, admitting steam to said segment to maintain pressure and temperature conditions therein of such elevation to be insutficient to irreversibly change the nature of the bonding agent in the raw materials and in the case of wood to produce a limited degree of softening of the lignin content, cooling the fibrous material after its discharge from said refiner, and establishing a brevity of time and closed condition of confinement of the fibrous material in its movement through said segment and to and through said cooling step to obviate degradation of the material fibers and their brightness.
  • a pulp refining process according to claim 21 wherein the step of defining a closed refiner segment includes the provision of valves at opposite ends of said segment, at least one of said valves being a rotary valve containing supply pockets communicating successively with said segment in response to rotation of the valve.
  • a pulp refining process wherein said rotary valve is positioned at an input end of said refiner segment intermediate said segment and a supply bin containing dry raw fibrous material, further characterized by the steps of utilizing pressure fluid to scavenge pockets of said rotary valve after communicating with said segment and of returning scavenged material to said supply bin under conditions inherently separating pressure fluid from the returned material and discharging separated pressure fiuid away from said supply bin.
  • a pulp refining system comprising means defining a closed refiner segment including a treatment chamber and beyond said chamber a disc refiner having opposed counter rotating double discs, means for putting raw fibrous material through said segment first through said chamber and then between the discs of said double disc refiner, means for admitting steam to said segment to maintain pressure and temperature conditions therein of such elevation to be insufficient to irreversibly change the nature of the bonding agent in the raw materials and in the case of wood to produce a limited degree of softening of the lignin content, means for cooling the fibrous material after its discharge from said refiner, means establishing a brevity of time and closed condition of confinement of the fibrous material in its movement through said segment and to and through said cooling step to obviate degradation of the material fibers and their brightness, and means operable in the double disc refiner to break and fibrillate surface portions of the natural fibers in said fibrous material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US23592A 1970-03-30 1970-03-30 Pulp refining system and process Expired - Lifetime US3661328A (en)

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AT (1) AT332723B (fi)
CA (1) CA969794A (fi)
DE (1) DE2053419A1 (fi)
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Cited By (25)

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US3891497A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-06-24 Beloit Corp Non-aqueous defiberizing process of waste paper in the presence of steam and a liquid nonmiscible in water, e.g., tetrachlorethylene
US3910505A (en) * 1973-04-27 1975-10-07 Rolf Bertil Reinhall Method of producing fiber pulp from vegetable of fibrous material
US3915959A (en) * 1974-03-15 1975-10-28 Crown Zellerbach Corp Activated alkali cellulose and derivatives formed therefrom and a process for making the same
US3948449A (en) * 1972-03-03 1976-04-06 Logan Kenneth C Apparatus for the treatment of lignocellulosic material
US4009835A (en) * 1975-04-04 1977-03-01 Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat Oy Jylhavaara Procedure and apparatus for preparation of hot groundwood
US4036679A (en) * 1975-12-29 1977-07-19 Crown Zellerbach Corporation Process for producing convoluted, fiberized, cellulose fibers and sheet products therefrom
US4072274A (en) * 1977-02-08 1978-02-07 Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat Osakeyhtio Jylhavaara Procedure and apparatus for preparing hot groundwood
US4136831A (en) * 1976-08-06 1979-01-30 Isel S.A. Method and apparatus for minimizing steam consumption in the production of pulp for fiberboard and the like
US4235665A (en) * 1976-06-30 1980-11-25 American Defibrator, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing fiber pulp in a steam pressurized grinding system
US4236959A (en) * 1971-12-20 1980-12-02 Reinhall Rolf Bertil Method of producing fiber pulp by grinding fibrous material in a steam environment
US4298425A (en) * 1978-05-03 1981-11-03 Defibrator Aktiebolag Method and apparatus for refining lignocellulose-containing material to produce fiber pulp
USRE31862E (en) * 1970-10-01 1985-04-09 Sunds Defibrator, Inc. Apparatus for the treatment of lignocellulosic material
US5076892A (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-12-31 Sprout-Bauer Inc. Apparatus for pressurized refining of lignocellulose material
US5568896A (en) * 1994-02-22 1996-10-29 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Methods for preparing pulpwood for digestion
US5879510A (en) * 1994-06-15 1999-03-09 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Light drainability, bulky chemimechanical pulp that has a low shive content and a low fine-material content
US6073865A (en) * 1997-03-26 2000-06-13 Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh Process and devices for manufacturing a hot friable material
US6165317A (en) * 1995-06-12 2000-12-26 Andritz Sprout-Bauer, Inc. Control of refined pulp quality by adjusting high temperature pre-heat residence time
US20010050151A1 (en) * 1997-08-08 2001-12-13 Marc J. Sabourin Method of pretreating lignocellulose fiber-containing material for the pulp making process
US6651839B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2003-11-25 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Device for hot dispersing fibrous paper stock and a method hot dispersing the stock
US20050045298A1 (en) * 2003-08-29 2005-03-03 Jack T. Baker Chip bin
DE102007022020A1 (de) 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von lignozellulosehaltigem Aufgabegut
WO2010079263A3 (en) * 2009-01-08 2010-08-26 Upm-Kymmene Corporation A refiner and a method for refining pulp
US11549214B2 (en) * 2018-10-24 2023-01-10 IFG Technologies, LLC Processes, methods, and systems for chemo-mechanical cellular explosion and solid and liquid products made by the same
WO2024028410A1 (en) * 2022-08-02 2024-02-08 Zelfo Technology Gmbh Fibre processing apparatus and an associated method

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AT374U1 (de) * 1994-11-29 1995-09-25 Peter Mueller Ges M B H & Co K Durch aufmahlen von holzstuecken erhaltene faseraggregate mit aufgerauhter oberflaeche
FI121887B (fi) * 2009-08-07 2011-05-31 Upm Kymmene Corp Mekaaninen massa sekä järjestelmä ja menetelmä mekaanisen massan valmistamiseksi

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USRE31862E (en) * 1970-10-01 1985-04-09 Sunds Defibrator, Inc. Apparatus for the treatment of lignocellulosic material
US4236959A (en) * 1971-12-20 1980-12-02 Reinhall Rolf Bertil Method of producing fiber pulp by grinding fibrous material in a steam environment
US3948449A (en) * 1972-03-03 1976-04-06 Logan Kenneth C Apparatus for the treatment of lignocellulosic material
US3847363A (en) * 1972-10-20 1974-11-12 Reinhall Rolf Device in grinding apparatus for vegetable or fibrous material
US3891497A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-06-24 Beloit Corp Non-aqueous defiberizing process of waste paper in the presence of steam and a liquid nonmiscible in water, e.g., tetrachlorethylene
US3910505A (en) * 1973-04-27 1975-10-07 Rolf Bertil Reinhall Method of producing fiber pulp from vegetable of fibrous material
US3915959A (en) * 1974-03-15 1975-10-28 Crown Zellerbach Corp Activated alkali cellulose and derivatives formed therefrom and a process for making the same
US4009835A (en) * 1975-04-04 1977-03-01 Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat Oy Jylhavaara Procedure and apparatus for preparation of hot groundwood
US4036679A (en) * 1975-12-29 1977-07-19 Crown Zellerbach Corporation Process for producing convoluted, fiberized, cellulose fibers and sheet products therefrom
US4235665A (en) * 1976-06-30 1980-11-25 American Defibrator, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing fiber pulp in a steam pressurized grinding system
US4136831A (en) * 1976-08-06 1979-01-30 Isel S.A. Method and apparatus for minimizing steam consumption in the production of pulp for fiberboard and the like
US4072274A (en) * 1977-02-08 1978-02-07 Yhtyneet Paperitehtaat Osakeyhtio Jylhavaara Procedure and apparatus for preparing hot groundwood
US4298425A (en) * 1978-05-03 1981-11-03 Defibrator Aktiebolag Method and apparatus for refining lignocellulose-containing material to produce fiber pulp
US5076892A (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-12-31 Sprout-Bauer Inc. Apparatus for pressurized refining of lignocellulose material
US5568896A (en) * 1994-02-22 1996-10-29 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Methods for preparing pulpwood for digestion
US5879510A (en) * 1994-06-15 1999-03-09 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Light drainability, bulky chemimechanical pulp that has a low shive content and a low fine-material content
US6165317A (en) * 1995-06-12 2000-12-26 Andritz Sprout-Bauer, Inc. Control of refined pulp quality by adjusting high temperature pre-heat residence time
US6073865A (en) * 1997-03-26 2000-06-13 Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh Process and devices for manufacturing a hot friable material
US6899791B2 (en) 1997-08-08 2005-05-31 Andritz Inc. Method of pretreating lignocellulose fiber-containing material in a pulp refining process
US20010050151A1 (en) * 1997-08-08 2001-12-13 Marc J. Sabourin Method of pretreating lignocellulose fiber-containing material for the pulp making process
US6651839B2 (en) 2001-01-19 2003-11-25 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Device for hot dispersing fibrous paper stock and a method hot dispersing the stock
US20050045298A1 (en) * 2003-08-29 2005-03-03 Jack T. Baker Chip bin
US7060162B2 (en) * 2003-08-29 2006-06-13 Jack T. Baker Chip bin
DE102007022020A1 (de) 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von lignozellulosehaltigem Aufgabegut
DE102007022020B4 (de) * 2007-05-08 2013-08-01 Pallmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von lignozellulosehaltigem Aufgabegut
WO2010079263A3 (en) * 2009-01-08 2010-08-26 Upm-Kymmene Corporation A refiner and a method for refining pulp
US11549214B2 (en) * 2018-10-24 2023-01-10 IFG Technologies, LLC Processes, methods, and systems for chemo-mechanical cellular explosion and solid and liquid products made by the same
US11885069B2 (en) 2018-10-24 2024-01-30 IFG Technologies, LLC Processes, methods, and systems for chemo-mechanical cellular explosion and solid and liquid products made by the same
WO2024028410A1 (en) * 2022-08-02 2024-02-08 Zelfo Technology Gmbh Fibre processing apparatus and an associated method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO144073C (no) 1981-06-17
CA969794A (en) 1975-06-24
NO144073B (no) 1981-03-09
FI56985B (fi) 1980-01-31
AT332723B (de) 1976-10-11
DE2053419A1 (de) 1972-01-05
FI56985C (fi) 1980-05-12
ATA979370A (de) 1976-01-15
JPS5627637B1 (fi) 1981-06-25
FR2069521A5 (fi) 1971-09-03

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