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US3657059A - Quasi-isotropic sandwich core - Google Patents

Quasi-isotropic sandwich core Download PDF

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Publication number
US3657059A
US3657059A US39596A US3657059DA US3657059A US 3657059 A US3657059 A US 3657059A US 39596 A US39596 A US 39596A US 3657059D A US3657059D A US 3657059DA US 3657059 A US3657059 A US 3657059A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
winding
sheets
core
structural core
tetrahedrons
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US39596A
Inventor
Irving E Figge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
United States Department of the Army
Original Assignee
United States Department of the Army
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United States Department of the Army filed Critical United States Department of the Army
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3657059A publication Critical patent/US3657059A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
    • B64C1/12—Construction or attachment of skin panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • E04C2/18—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like with binding wires, reinforcing bars, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
    • Y10T428/24091—Strand or strand-portions with additional layer[s]
    • Y10T428/24099—On each side of strands or strand-portions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249922—Embodying intertwined or helical component[s]

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [52] us. C1 ..161/47, 156/174, 156/177, A Structural core Consisting f a winding of fibrous filaments 156/179, 156/433, 156/443, 161/57, 161/58, which are wound upon a jig, each filament being disposed 161/14l upon the preceding one whereby the winding defines parallel [51] Int. Cl. rows of tetrahedrons f point upwards the ha [58] Field Of Sear h half downwards.
  • the present invention provides a structural core of lightweight, high strength, nonporous and fail safe and having quasi-isotropic load carrying properties including tension, compression, bending rigidity and torsional rigidity.
  • the winding of the fibrous filaments is described in my co-pending application, ser. no. 39,597 filed May 20, 1970.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the jig used in fabricating the core of this invention, the core being shown therein;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the finished core of this invention
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged edge detail showing the sheets in place between the windings of the core
  • FIG. 4 is a detail perspective of the windings of the fibrous filaments without the sheets to show the tetrahedronal shape of the windings.
  • reference character 1 indicates, generally, the sandwich core of this invention.
  • the jig employed in forming the core 1 is designated generally by 2.
  • Fibrous filaments 3 are wound on jig 2 in the same manner as described in the aforesaid co-pending application in which the filaments 3 are wound to form tetrahedrons 4, half of which point upwards and half of which point downwards.
  • Sheets 5 of a material such as fiberglas are interposed among the flaments 3 in spaced, stacked relation, as shown. The number of sheets used will depend upon the strength of the core desired. Five sheets are shown in FIG. 3. Sheets 5 will be of a dimension whereby they will fit within the jig 2.
  • core 1 is shown to be a flat panel, other shapes may be obtained by use of a jig of another configuration; such as cylindrical, etc.
  • the overhanging filaments When the overhanging filaments are cut off the finished core 1 will present a compact structural member which may be trimmed for use as desired.
  • the filaments 3 and sheets 5 will be bonded as described in the co-pending application by application of an epoxy resin.
  • a unitary structural core comprising a winding of interwoven fibrous filaments and a series of sheets disposed between said windings, wherein said winding comprises a series of fibrous filaments disposed one above the other, said winding defining a series of tetrahedrons, said tetrahedrons pointing upwards and downwards in alternate sequential relation.
  • each said sheet is of a dimension equal to the completed core.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

A structural core consisting of a winding of fibrous filaments which are wound upon a jig, each filament being disposed upon the preceding one whereby the winding defines parallel rows of tetrahedrons, half of which point upwards, the other half downwards. Sandwiched, in spaced relation, between the windings of filaments are sheets of fiberglas cloth. The dimensions of the sheets are coextensive with the dimensions of the winding.

Description

nited States Patent Figge [151 3,657,059 [451 Apr. 18, 1972 [54] QUASI-ISOTROPIC SANDWICH CORE [72] Inventor: Irving E. Figge, Newport News, Va.
[73] Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army [22] Filed: May 20, 1970 [21] App1.No.: 39,596
Primary ExaminerWilliam A. Powell Att0rney-Harry M. Saragovitz, Edward J. Kelly and Herbert Berl [5 7] ABSTRACT [52] us. C1 ..161/47, 156/174, 156/177, A Structural core Consisting f a winding of fibrous filaments 156/179, 156/433, 156/443, 161/57, 161/58, which are wound upon a jig, each filament being disposed 161/14l upon the preceding one whereby the winding defines parallel [51] Int. Cl. rows of tetrahedrons f point upwards the ha [58] Field Of Sear h half downwards. Sandwiched, in spaced relation, between the 161/47, 78, 68, 84,85, 141; 156/161, 171, windings of filaments are sheets of fiberglas cloth. The dimen- 173-181, 190 sions of the sheets are coextensive with the dimensions of the winding. [56] References cued 7 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,594,693 4/1952 Smith ..161/DIG.4
QUASI-ISOTROPIC SANDWICH CORE The invention described herein may be manufactured, used, and licensed by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
Existing structural cores consist chiefly of a pair of walls, with the core material being bonded between them. This led to difficulties in bonding and the structural core lacked load carrying strength, the strength being only in a perpendicular direction to the face walls.
The present invention provides a structural core of lightweight, high strength, nonporous and fail safe and having quasi-isotropic load carrying properties including tension, compression, bending rigidity and torsional rigidity. The winding of the fibrous filaments is described in my co-pending application, ser. no. 39,597 filed May 20, 1970.
It is therefore a principal object of this invention to provide a structural core consisting of a series of sheets interposed between windings of fibrous filaments.
It is another object to provide a structural core that is lightweight and having quasi-isotropic load carrying properties including tension, compression, bending, rigidity and torsional.
Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description and drawings, in which,
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the jig used in fabricating the core of this invention, the core being shown therein;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the finished core of this invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged edge detail showing the sheets in place between the windings of the core, and
FIG. 4 is a detail perspective of the windings of the fibrous filaments without the sheets to show the tetrahedronal shape of the windings.
Referring in detail to the drawing, reference character 1 indicates, generally, the sandwich core of this invention. The jig employed in forming the core 1 is designated generally by 2. Fibrous filaments 3 are wound on jig 2 in the same manner as described in the aforesaid co-pending application in which the filaments 3 are wound to form tetrahedrons 4, half of which point upwards and half of which point downwards.
Sheets 5 of a material such as fiberglas are interposed among the flaments 3 in spaced, stacked relation, as shown. The number of sheets used will depend upon the strength of the core desired. Five sheets are shown in FIG. 3. Sheets 5 will be of a dimension whereby they will fit within the jig 2.
While the core 1 is shown to be a flat panel, other shapes may be obtained by use of a jig of another configuration; such as cylindrical, etc.
When the overhanging filaments are cut off the finished core 1 will present a compact structural member which may be trimmed for use as desired.
The filaments 3 and sheets 5 will be bonded as described in the co-pending application by application of an epoxy resin.
It will be apparent from the foregoing, that a lightweight yet strong structural core has been provided that will lend itself to a wide variety of uses, such as in aircraft, boat and like structures.
What is claimed is:
1. As an article of manufacture, a unitary structural core comprising a winding of interwoven fibrous filaments and a series of sheets disposed between said windings, wherein said winding comprises a series of fibrous filaments disposed one above the other, said winding defining a series of tetrahedrons, said tetrahedrons pointing upwards and downwards in alternate sequential relation.
2. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein said sheets are of fiberglas.
3. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein said sheets are arranged in equally spaced relation in said winding.
4. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein said sheets are disposed in said winding whereby the sheets are separated by at least one winding of said fibrous filaments.
5. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein each said sheet is of a dimension equal to the completed core.
. A structural core as set forth In claim 1 wherein said tetrahedrons are equilateral tetrahedrons.
7. The structural core of claim 6 in which the sides of the tetrahedrons defined by the winding are disposed in continuous intersecting planes.

Claims (7)

1. As an article of manufacture, a unitary structural core comprising a winding of interwoven fibrous filaments and a series of sheets disposed between said windings, wherein said winding comprises a series of fibrous filaments disposed one above the other, said winding defining a series of tetrahedrons, said tetrahedrons pointing upwards and downwards in alternate sequential relation.
2. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein said sheets are of fiberglas.
3. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein said sheets are arranged in equally spaced relation in said winding.
4. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein said sheets are disposed in said winding whereby the sheets are separated by at least one winding of said fibrous filaments.
5. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein each said sheet is of a dimension equal to the completed core.
6. A structural core as set forth in claim 1 wherein said tetrahedrons are equilateral tetrahedrons.
7. The structural core of claim 6 in which the sides of the tetrahedrons defined by the winding are disposed in continuous intersecting planes.
US39596A 1970-05-20 1970-05-20 Quasi-isotropic sandwich core Expired - Lifetime US3657059A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983281A (en) * 1973-07-16 1976-09-28 Wakeman Alfred W Tape structures
US4020205A (en) * 1975-06-13 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Structural cores
US4241117A (en) * 1979-06-14 1980-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Structural cores and their fabrication
US4348442A (en) * 1979-08-17 1982-09-07 Figge Irving E Structural panel
US5338593A (en) * 1988-06-06 1994-08-16 Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd. Multiaxial nonwoven fabric
USD420363S (en) * 1997-10-30 2000-02-08 Tracy Y Arrington Anti-bacterial treated telephone handset cover
USD589486S1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Nokia Corporation Handset
USD589505S1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Nokia Corporation Rear cover of a handset
USD589485S1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Nokia Corporation Handset
USD626528S1 (en) * 2010-01-08 2010-11-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Mobile phone
USD704686S1 (en) * 2012-03-01 2014-05-13 Fih (Hong Kong) Limited Cover of an electronic device having surface ornamentation
USD903648S1 (en) * 2019-07-25 2020-12-01 Spigen Korea Co., Ltd. Case for electronic communications device
US11365543B2 (en) 2017-04-24 2022-06-21 Rigidcore Group Llc Sheet material, mold, and methods of making and using the sheet material and mold
US12092148B2 (en) 2018-04-23 2024-09-17 Rigidcore Group Llc Fastening system, and methods of making and using the system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1014918A (en) * 1910-10-17 1912-01-16 Lawrence A Subers Belting.
US1834556A (en) * 1925-05-20 1931-12-01 Toles Justin Kay Filamentous material and method of making same
US2594693A (en) * 1948-12-07 1952-04-29 Sharples Corp Hollow circular article and method of making same
US2744043A (en) * 1950-01-23 1956-05-01 Fels & Company Method of producing pressure containers for fluids
US3083864A (en) * 1957-11-26 1963-04-02 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Filament wound vessels and methods for forming same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1014918A (en) * 1910-10-17 1912-01-16 Lawrence A Subers Belting.
US1834556A (en) * 1925-05-20 1931-12-01 Toles Justin Kay Filamentous material and method of making same
US2594693A (en) * 1948-12-07 1952-04-29 Sharples Corp Hollow circular article and method of making same
US2744043A (en) * 1950-01-23 1956-05-01 Fels & Company Method of producing pressure containers for fluids
US3083864A (en) * 1957-11-26 1963-04-02 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Filament wound vessels and methods for forming same

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983281A (en) * 1973-07-16 1976-09-28 Wakeman Alfred W Tape structures
US4020205A (en) * 1975-06-13 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Structural cores
US4241117A (en) * 1979-06-14 1980-12-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Structural cores and their fabrication
US4348442A (en) * 1979-08-17 1982-09-07 Figge Irving E Structural panel
US5338593A (en) * 1988-06-06 1994-08-16 Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd. Multiaxial nonwoven fabric
USD420363S (en) * 1997-10-30 2000-02-08 Tracy Y Arrington Anti-bacterial treated telephone handset cover
USD589486S1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Nokia Corporation Handset
USD589505S1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Nokia Corporation Rear cover of a handset
USD589485S1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Nokia Corporation Handset
USD626528S1 (en) * 2010-01-08 2010-11-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Mobile phone
USD704686S1 (en) * 2012-03-01 2014-05-13 Fih (Hong Kong) Limited Cover of an electronic device having surface ornamentation
US11365543B2 (en) 2017-04-24 2022-06-21 Rigidcore Group Llc Sheet material, mold, and methods of making and using the sheet material and mold
US12092148B2 (en) 2018-04-23 2024-09-17 Rigidcore Group Llc Fastening system, and methods of making and using the system
USD903648S1 (en) * 2019-07-25 2020-12-01 Spigen Korea Co., Ltd. Case for electronic communications device

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