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US3647293A - Copying system featuring combined developing-cleaning station alternately activated - Google Patents

Copying system featuring combined developing-cleaning station alternately activated Download PDF

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Publication number
US3647293A
US3647293A US94037A US3647293DA US3647293A US 3647293 A US3647293 A US 3647293A US 94037 A US94037 A US 94037A US 3647293D A US3647293D A US 3647293DA US 3647293 A US3647293 A US 3647293A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
photoconductor
developer
cleaner unit
medium
activating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US94037A
Inventor
Carl A Queener
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Publication of US3647293A publication Critical patent/US3647293A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3647293B1 publication Critical patent/US3647293B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
    • G03G15/09—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
    • G03G21/0047—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium using electrostatic or magnetic means; Details thereof, e.g. magnetic pole arrangement of magnetic devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2221/00—Processes not provided for by group G03G2215/00, e.g. cleaning or residual charge elimination
    • G03G2221/0005—Cleaning of residual toner

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Combination Of More Than One Step In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Cleaning In Electrography (AREA)

Abstract

Electrophotographic copying apparatus has charging, imaging, transferring, precleaning, and erasing facilities in a conventional sense but incorporates a combined developingcleaning unit that is operable to perform either function at the proper time during the copying sequence. A first version incorporates a photoconductor drum structure surrounded with the necessary electrophotographic elements including a single developer-cleaner unit. Another version incorporates a photoconductor belt movable forwardly and reversely. In either version, cleaning cycles may alternate with developing cycles or be activated following the production of a high number of images on the photoconductor surface. Conveniently, a magnetic brush element forms a contacting surface for conveying toner onto the photoconductor surface during developing and for scavenging residual toner from the photoconductor surface by bringing developer mixture into contact with the photoconductor surface during cleaning. Appropriate changes in biasing of the brush are made during operation.

Claims (8)

1. Electrophotographic apparatus for producing at least one copy from an original document and having the customary electrophotographic facilities for charging, imaging, transferring, precleaning, and erasing a photoconductor medium, said photoconductor medium comprising a movable member having an endless surface, comprising: a combined developer-cleaner unit positioned for engagement with said photoconductor medium at a single station for developing an image on said photoconductor medium in one mode and cleaning said photoconductor medium in another mode; and means for selectively activating said developer-cleaner unit in one or the other of said modes during operation of the said apparatus.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said photoconductor medium comprises a rotatable cylindrical drum member accommodating an image area thereon during operation of said apparatus, and further comprising: sequencing means for activating said developer-cleaner unit to develop and clean said drum member in an alternative fashion during rotation of said drum member.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising: means for rotating said drum member during successive cycles of operation of said apparatus to produce a multitude of copies; means to activate said developer-cleaner unit in a developer mode continuously during said successive cycles of operation of said apparatus and rotation of said drum member; and runout means operable upon termination of said successive cycles and production of a multitude of copies to activate said developer-cleaner unit to clean said photoconductor drum member in readiness for a succeeding multiple copy run.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: said photoconductor medium is in the form of an endless belt member mounted for movement in a preferred direction to convey an image area past the various stations in said apparatus during operation; and means operable in successive cycles and movement of said belt member for activating said developer-cleaner unit to devElop an image in one cycle and clean an image in the next cycle on said belt member.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said photoconductor medium is an endless belt member mounted for movement in a preferred direction during operation of said apparatus to convey an image area past the various stations in the course of producing copies, and further comprising: means for activating said developer-cleaner unit to develop each succeeding image on said photoconductor belt member during operation and the production of a multitude of copies; and means for activating said developer-cleaner unit to clean said photoconductor belt member upon termination of a run of said multitude of copies.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said developer-cleaner unit comprises a housing to accommodate a developer mixture including toner, and further comprising: a magnetic brush mounted within said housing and in contact with said photoconductor medium at a single station for conveying developer mixture onto said photoconductor medium in one mode for the purpose of developing images on said photoconductor medium and for cascading developer mixture onto said photoconductor medium in a scavenging mode for the purpose of cleaning said photoconductor medium; and sequencing means for activating said developer-cleaner unit and said magnetic brush member in the appropriate mode required during operation of said apparatus.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising: means for producing positive and negative biasing potentials; means connecting said magnetic brush member to said potential producing means during operation of said apparatus; and means for selectively applying one or the other of said potentials as a bias to said magnetic brush member to create the repulsion necessary to transmit toner from said magnetic brush member to said photoconductor medium during a developing mode and to create the attraction relationship to scavenge toner from said photoconductor medium to said magnetic brush member during a cleaning mode.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: means for activating said developer-cleaner unit to develop at least one image on said photoconductor member from an original document during operation; and means for activating said developer-cleaner unit when a different original document is positioned in said apparatus to clean said photoconductor belt member.
US94037A 1970-12-01 1970-12-01 Copying system featuring combined developing-cleaning station alternately activated Expired - Lifetime US3647293A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US9403770A 1970-12-01 1970-12-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3647293A true US3647293A (en) 1972-03-07
US3647293B1 US3647293B1 (en) 1987-08-18

Family

ID=22242433

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US94037A Expired - Lifetime US3647293A (en) 1970-12-01 1970-12-01 Copying system featuring combined developing-cleaning station alternately activated

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3647293A (en)
JP (3) JPS5721706B1 (en)
AU (1) AU460880B2 (en)
BE (1) BE775465A (en)
CA (1) CA944012A (en)
ES (1) ES397448A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2117089A5 (en)
IT (1) IT940700B (en)

Cited By (55)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2318839A1 (en) * 1972-04-13 1973-10-18 Canon Kk ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC DEVICE
DE2359792A1 (en) * 1972-11-30 1974-06-20 Mita Industrial Co Ltd ELECTROSTATIC COPY DEVICE
JPS5054333A (en) * 1973-09-10 1975-05-14
US3893416A (en) * 1973-12-27 1975-07-08 Xerox Corp Development and cleaning apparatus for reverse path machine
DE2424350A1 (en) * 1974-05-20 1975-11-27 Turlabor Ag METHOD FOR ELECTROGRAPHIC IMAGE GENERATION AND DEVICE FOR EXECUTING THE METHOD
US3982830A (en) * 1974-12-06 1976-09-28 International Business Machines Corporation Magnetic bead carryout reduction by altering the developer's bias voltage
FR2328993A1 (en) * 1975-10-21 1977-05-20 Elfotec Ag PROCESS FOR ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION OF AN IMAGE
US4053218A (en) * 1975-11-10 1977-10-11 Xerox Corporation Development system
JPS52141642A (en) * 1977-04-11 1977-11-26 Canon Inc Image forming device
US4077711A (en) * 1974-05-28 1978-03-07 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Electrophotographic copying apparatus of wet developing type
US4086873A (en) * 1974-07-09 1978-05-02 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic developing device incorporating a developing electrode having an insulation layer on its surface
US4087170A (en) * 1975-06-13 1978-05-02 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Electrostatic copying apparatus with combined charging transfer unit
US4136942A (en) * 1975-11-25 1979-01-30 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electrophotographic apparatus
US4178095A (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-12-11 International Business Machines Corporation Abnormally low reflectance photoconductor sensing system
US4179213A (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-12-18 International Business Machines Corporation Vector pinning in an electrophotographic machine
JPS55577A (en) * 1979-04-14 1980-01-05 Canon Inc Image former
JPS55575A (en) * 1979-04-14 1980-01-05 Canon Inc Image former
US4183657A (en) * 1978-04-10 1980-01-15 International Business Machines Corporation Dynamic reference for an image quality control system
US4185909A (en) * 1972-04-13 1980-01-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Cleaning method and device for electrophotographic machine
US4185910A (en) * 1976-06-30 1980-01-29 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Photoconductive member cleaning device using a magnetic brush for electrostatic copying machines
US4190464A (en) * 1971-06-03 1980-02-26 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for cleaning a photoconductive surface with liquid toner
US4201465A (en) * 1975-11-26 1980-05-06 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Drum cleaning process and apparatus for electrophotography
US4205912A (en) * 1975-11-11 1980-06-03 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Company Limited Electrophotographic apparatus
JPS55120070A (en) * 1979-12-01 1980-09-16 Canon Inc Image forming device
US4265998A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-05-05 International Business Machines Corporation Electrophotographic photoreceptive background areas cleaned by backcharge process
US4278342A (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-07-14 International Business Machines Corporation Xerographic charging
US4304273A (en) * 1979-12-31 1981-12-08 International Business Machines Corporation Toner container and toner dispensing apparatus
US4320958A (en) * 1980-10-27 1982-03-23 Xerox Corporation Combined processing unit
US4330199A (en) * 1972-04-13 1982-05-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electrophotographic device
US4332458A (en) * 1978-10-02 1982-06-01 Pitney Bowes Inc. Table top copy machine
US4335955A (en) * 1978-04-24 1982-06-22 Ragen Precision Industries, Inc. Electrostatic display apparatus
DE3211736A1 (en) * 1981-03-31 1982-11-11 Sharp K.K., Osaka ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC COPIER
DE3206780A1 (en) * 1981-02-27 1982-12-09 Sharp K.K., Osaka METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DEVELOPING AND FOR IMAGE CARRIER CLEANING IN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING MACHINES
US4415263A (en) * 1981-10-22 1983-11-15 Tetras S.A. Electrophotographic copier apparatus
US4487499A (en) * 1981-10-22 1984-12-11 Tetras, S.A. Synchronized document feed for electrophotographic imaging copier apparatus
US4488802A (en) * 1982-01-14 1984-12-18 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic device with single stations serving multiple functions
US4500198A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-02-19 International Business Machines Corporation Multiple roller magnetic brush developer having development electrode voltage switching
US4502778A (en) * 1982-12-27 1985-03-05 International Business Machines Corporation System for monitoring and controlling electrophotographic toner operation
US4515465A (en) * 1980-04-15 1985-05-07 Mita Industrial Company Limited Electrostatic copying apparatus
US4544260A (en) * 1984-05-25 1985-10-01 Xerox Corporation Removable processing cartridge for electrostatographic reproducing apparatus
US4547064A (en) * 1984-08-31 1985-10-15 Xerox Corporation Electrostatographic reproducing apparatus
US4556308A (en) * 1984-05-25 1985-12-03 Xerox Corporation Removable processing cartridge for electrostatographic reproducing apparatus
US4589759A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-05-20 Xerox Corporation Reproducing apparatus with optic scanning module
US4609280A (en) * 1983-10-31 1986-09-02 International Business Machines Corporation Xerographic apparatus and process with backside photoconductor imaging
US4616922A (en) * 1985-04-05 1986-10-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrophotographic copying apparatus and process
US4616919A (en) * 1985-09-05 1986-10-14 International Business Machines Corporation Non-contact developer seal
US4652114A (en) * 1985-04-05 1987-03-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrophotographic copying apparatus and process
US4736255A (en) * 1984-05-12 1988-04-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Recording apparatus
US4746950A (en) * 1985-01-09 1988-05-24 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Color copier
US4792824A (en) * 1985-11-06 1988-12-20 Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrostatic copying apparatus having reduced size and complexity
US4814822A (en) * 1987-06-08 1989-03-21 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic "two-up" copying with intermediate latent image copiers
DE3837527A1 (en) * 1987-11-02 1989-05-18 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Picture generating device
DE4105262A1 (en) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-22 Ricoh Kk IMAGE GENERATION DEVICE
US5229825A (en) * 1991-12-02 1993-07-20 Eastman Kodak Company Magnetic brush laydown/pickup apparatus
US5669044A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-09-16 Nashua Corporation Article and method for dispensing toner and the like

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62115017U (en) * 1986-01-13 1987-07-22

Citations (5)

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US2874063A (en) * 1953-03-23 1959-02-17 Rca Corp Electrostatic printing
US2911330A (en) * 1958-04-11 1959-11-03 Haloid Xerox Inc Magnetic brush cleaning
US2986442A (en) * 1956-07-19 1961-05-30 Century Geophysical Corp Electrophotographic oscillograph for observing slow recurrent signals
US3572923A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-03-30 Xerox Corp Cleaning method and apparatus for electrostatic copying machines
US3580673A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-05-25 Xerox Corp Cleaning apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2874063A (en) * 1953-03-23 1959-02-17 Rca Corp Electrostatic printing
US2986442A (en) * 1956-07-19 1961-05-30 Century Geophysical Corp Electrophotographic oscillograph for observing slow recurrent signals
US2911330A (en) * 1958-04-11 1959-11-03 Haloid Xerox Inc Magnetic brush cleaning
US3572923A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-03-30 Xerox Corp Cleaning method and apparatus for electrostatic copying machines
US3580673A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-05-25 Xerox Corp Cleaning apparatus

Cited By (63)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4190464A (en) * 1971-06-03 1980-02-26 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for cleaning a photoconductive surface with liquid toner
US4330199A (en) * 1972-04-13 1982-05-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electrophotographic device
US4185909A (en) * 1972-04-13 1980-01-29 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Cleaning method and device for electrophotographic machine
DE2318839A1 (en) * 1972-04-13 1973-10-18 Canon Kk ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC DEVICE
DE2359792A1 (en) * 1972-11-30 1974-06-20 Mita Industrial Co Ltd ELECTROSTATIC COPY DEVICE
US4012138A (en) * 1972-11-30 1977-03-15 Mita Industrial Company, Ltd. Electrostatic photographic copying apparatus
JPS5054333A (en) * 1973-09-10 1975-05-14
US3893416A (en) * 1973-12-27 1975-07-08 Xerox Corp Development and cleaning apparatus for reverse path machine
US4240723A (en) * 1974-05-20 1980-12-23 Elfotec A.G. Process for electrographic image production and an apparatus for carrying out this process
DE2424350A1 (en) * 1974-05-20 1975-11-27 Turlabor Ag METHOD FOR ELECTROGRAPHIC IMAGE GENERATION AND DEVICE FOR EXECUTING THE METHOD
US4077711A (en) * 1974-05-28 1978-03-07 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Electrophotographic copying apparatus of wet developing type
US4086873A (en) * 1974-07-09 1978-05-02 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic developing device incorporating a developing electrode having an insulation layer on its surface
US3982830A (en) * 1974-12-06 1976-09-28 International Business Machines Corporation Magnetic bead carryout reduction by altering the developer's bias voltage
US4087170A (en) * 1975-06-13 1978-05-02 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Electrostatic copying apparatus with combined charging transfer unit
FR2328993A1 (en) * 1975-10-21 1977-05-20 Elfotec Ag PROCESS FOR ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTION OF AN IMAGE
US4053218A (en) * 1975-11-10 1977-10-11 Xerox Corporation Development system
US4205912A (en) * 1975-11-11 1980-06-03 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Company Limited Electrophotographic apparatus
US4136942A (en) * 1975-11-25 1979-01-30 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electrophotographic apparatus
US4201465A (en) * 1975-11-26 1980-05-06 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Drum cleaning process and apparatus for electrophotography
US4185910A (en) * 1976-06-30 1980-01-29 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Photoconductive member cleaning device using a magnetic brush for electrostatic copying machines
JPS5646598B2 (en) * 1977-04-11 1981-11-04
JPS52141642A (en) * 1977-04-11 1977-11-26 Canon Inc Image forming device
US4178095A (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-12-11 International Business Machines Corporation Abnormally low reflectance photoconductor sensing system
US4179213A (en) * 1978-04-10 1979-12-18 International Business Machines Corporation Vector pinning in an electrophotographic machine
US4183657A (en) * 1978-04-10 1980-01-15 International Business Machines Corporation Dynamic reference for an image quality control system
US4335955A (en) * 1978-04-24 1982-06-22 Ragen Precision Industries, Inc. Electrostatic display apparatus
US4332458A (en) * 1978-10-02 1982-06-01 Pitney Bowes Inc. Table top copy machine
JPS562341B2 (en) * 1979-04-14 1981-01-19
JPS5620545B2 (en) * 1979-04-14 1981-05-14
JPS55575A (en) * 1979-04-14 1980-01-05 Canon Inc Image former
JPS55577A (en) * 1979-04-14 1980-01-05 Canon Inc Image former
US4278342A (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-07-14 International Business Machines Corporation Xerographic charging
US4265998A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-05-05 International Business Machines Corporation Electrophotographic photoreceptive background areas cleaned by backcharge process
JPS55120070A (en) * 1979-12-01 1980-09-16 Canon Inc Image forming device
US4304273A (en) * 1979-12-31 1981-12-08 International Business Machines Corporation Toner container and toner dispensing apparatus
US4515465A (en) * 1980-04-15 1985-05-07 Mita Industrial Company Limited Electrostatic copying apparatus
US4320958A (en) * 1980-10-27 1982-03-23 Xerox Corporation Combined processing unit
DE3206780A1 (en) * 1981-02-27 1982-12-09 Sharp K.K., Osaka METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DEVELOPING AND FOR IMAGE CARRIER CLEANING IN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC COPYING MACHINES
US4754304A (en) * 1981-02-27 1988-06-28 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Drum cleaning in an electrophotographic copying machine
DE3211736A1 (en) * 1981-03-31 1982-11-11 Sharp K.K., Osaka ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC COPIER
US4465360A (en) * 1981-03-31 1984-08-14 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Electrophotographic copying machine
US4415263A (en) * 1981-10-22 1983-11-15 Tetras S.A. Electrophotographic copier apparatus
US4487499A (en) * 1981-10-22 1984-12-11 Tetras, S.A. Synchronized document feed for electrophotographic imaging copier apparatus
US4488802A (en) * 1982-01-14 1984-12-18 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Electrophotographic device with single stations serving multiple functions
US4500198A (en) * 1982-12-10 1985-02-19 International Business Machines Corporation Multiple roller magnetic brush developer having development electrode voltage switching
US4502778A (en) * 1982-12-27 1985-03-05 International Business Machines Corporation System for monitoring and controlling electrophotographic toner operation
US4609280A (en) * 1983-10-31 1986-09-02 International Business Machines Corporation Xerographic apparatus and process with backside photoconductor imaging
US4736255A (en) * 1984-05-12 1988-04-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Recording apparatus
US4544260A (en) * 1984-05-25 1985-10-01 Xerox Corporation Removable processing cartridge for electrostatographic reproducing apparatus
US4556308A (en) * 1984-05-25 1985-12-03 Xerox Corporation Removable processing cartridge for electrostatographic reproducing apparatus
US4589759A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-05-20 Xerox Corporation Reproducing apparatus with optic scanning module
US4547064A (en) * 1984-08-31 1985-10-15 Xerox Corporation Electrostatographic reproducing apparatus
US4746950A (en) * 1985-01-09 1988-05-24 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Color copier
US4616922A (en) * 1985-04-05 1986-10-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrophotographic copying apparatus and process
US4652114A (en) * 1985-04-05 1987-03-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Electrophotographic copying apparatus and process
US4616919A (en) * 1985-09-05 1986-10-14 International Business Machines Corporation Non-contact developer seal
US4792824A (en) * 1985-11-06 1988-12-20 Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrostatic copying apparatus having reduced size and complexity
US4814822A (en) * 1987-06-08 1989-03-21 Xerox Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic "two-up" copying with intermediate latent image copiers
DE3837527A1 (en) * 1987-11-02 1989-05-18 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Picture generating device
DE4105262A1 (en) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-22 Ricoh Kk IMAGE GENERATION DEVICE
US5182601A (en) * 1990-02-20 1993-01-26 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Image forming apparatus having toner handling units which are alternatively usable as a developing device or a cleaning device
US5229825A (en) * 1991-12-02 1993-07-20 Eastman Kodak Company Magnetic brush laydown/pickup apparatus
US5669044A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-09-16 Nashua Corporation Article and method for dispensing toner and the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5721706B1 (en) 1982-05-08
IT940700B (en) 1973-02-20
AU460880B2 (en) 1975-05-08
JPS6055830B2 (en) 1985-12-06
FR2117089A5 (en) 1972-07-21
BE775465A (en) 1972-03-16
JPS58130369A (en) 1983-08-03
AU3515171A (en) 1973-05-03
JPS6213663B2 (en) 1987-03-27
JPS57104166A (en) 1982-06-29
ES397448A1 (en) 1974-05-16
US3647293B1 (en) 1987-08-18
CA944012A (en) 1974-03-19

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RR Request for reexamination filed

Effective date: 19830309

B1 Reexamination certificate first reexamination