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US3623853A - Method and apparatus for producing filaments from vitreous material - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing filaments from vitreous material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3623853A
US3623853A US854134A US3623853DA US3623853A US 3623853 A US3623853 A US 3623853A US 854134 A US854134 A US 854134A US 3623853D A US3623853D A US 3623853DA US 3623853 A US3623853 A US 3623853A
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United States
Prior art keywords
filament
drop
liquid
filaments
curtain
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US854134A
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English (en)
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Heinz Keib
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/03—Drawing means, e.g. drawing drums ; Traction or tensioning devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the production of filaments from molten vitreous material, and more particularly to the production of filaments from molten glass.
  • This drop descends under the influence of gravity in downward direction and draws after it a length of filament.
  • the filament Immediately upstream of the descending drop, the filament does not have its final cross-sectional area. Instead, a portion of the filament immediately upstream of the descending drop tapers in cross-sectional area in the upstream direction.
  • the drop and this tapering portion may not be incorporated with the filaments being produced for various reasons which will be discussed in more detail subsequently. They must therefore be removed from the filament, and the latter must be drawn to its desired thickness, before it can be incorporated into the filament producing process, that is before it can be allowed to admix with other filaments produced by the same apparatus.
  • the tapering portion is also often called spear.
  • a so-called dofling apparatus For this purpose there is provided a so-called dofling apparatus.
  • the known prior-art constructions of such apparatus are based on the principle of advancing the descending dro and upstream tapering portion to the circumference of a rotating dofling roller which, rotating at requisite speed, severs the drop and the tapering portion from the remainder of the filament, and draws the remainder of the filament down to the desired thickness.
  • the new filamentice which is now called a production filamentis severed from the filament portion which has been wound onto the dofler roller or a winding roller which cooperates with the doffer roller, and is automatically supplied to its proper position among the multitude of filaments which are being simultaneously produced by withdrawing molten vitreous material from the crucible or other supply of such material.
  • the tapering portion has at various different longitudinal locations a plurality of different diameters which may be as high as or higher than ten or twenty times the diameter of the production filament.
  • the tapering portion is both stiff and voluminous with reference to the production filament and will therefore adversely influence the softness and pliabllity of the intermediate product which may for instance have the form of a strand, :1 sliver, a glass fiber ribbon, a woven or non-woven web, or the like, or of the final product produced therefrom, such as glass fiber roofing, corrosion protection bandages, or the like.
  • drops and tapering filament portions which are separated from the filaments by the doffing drum are not always flung off the periphery of the doffing drum, but instead at times are carried around by the dofiing drum and are then introduced into the gap between the doffing drum and drawing drum which exists because of the close proximity of the two drums; if this occurs, they can tear at least some of the production filaments which are being drawn by the drawing drum and can also damage the surface of the drawing drum which latter is a rather expensive item to manufacture.
  • dofiing roller and associated rotary components must be precisely manufactured and balanced. To assure that they will properly operate, they must further be precisely journalled and lubricated, and they must be constantly supervised and maintained to keep them clean and to assure that they rotate at proper speed. Evidently, this constant supervision requires the constant attention of personnel, which is expensive at best.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a method of producing a filament from molten vitreous material which is not subject to the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • a concomitant object of the invention is to assure the reliable separation and removal of drops and tapering filament portions.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus capable of affording such operation which is simple in its construction and which requires at most very little maintenance.
  • one feature of the invention resides in a method of producing filaments from vitreous material.
  • This method briefly stated, comprises the steps of exuding a drop of viscous molten vitreous material from an orifice communicating with a supply of such material, so that the drop will descend under the influence of gravity while drawing behind it a length of filament of said material. Thereupon, the descending drop and proximal filament portions of the length of filament are contacted with a curtain of liquid which is being propelled transversely to the direction of descent at such velocity as to deflect, accelerate and sever the drop and proximal filament portions from the remainder of the length of filament.
  • the present invention avoids the use of any rotary components in connection with the removal of the drop and tapering filament portion from the remainder of the newly-started filament length.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic partly sectioned side view of an apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, showing the configuration of the exuded drop and the tapering filament portion upstream thereof;
  • FIG. 3 is a front view on an embodiment according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 is a partial View similar to FIG. 1, but on an enlarged scale and illustrating yet an additional embodiment.
  • reference numeral 1 identifies a drawing drum which may be of entirely conventional cosntruction and which is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the drum 1 is elongated axially in direction normal to the plane of FIG. 1 and rotates in the direction of the arrow A.
  • Supply means is diagrammatically illustrated and may be in the form of a crucible having in its bottom wall a plurality of outlet orifices (compare FIG. 2 where one such outlet is shown); the supply means may extend longitudinally of the drum 1 as illustrated and may have one or several rows of orifices from which filaments can be withdrawn.
  • the supply means will contain a body of molten vitreous material.
  • Production filaments that is filaments which have already been freed of the drop and tapering filament portion, are constantly being withdrawn from each orifice associated with the supply means, by the drawing drum 1 onto which they may be wound to be removed from its circumference in form of threads. They can also be stripped off the circumference of the drum after less than a single convolution thereabout by means of a doctor blade 3 and a reversing arrangement 4 which is diagrammatically illustrated. In the latter case, the filaments are severed into the form of glass or vitreous fibers. If so, the boundary layer of air which is carried along by rotation of the drum 1 in the direction of the arrow A,
  • the descending drop which is maintained in suitable manner at a requisite distance from the drawing drum 1 so as not to be drawn against the same by the aforementioned rotating boundary layer, and which is also maintained at a similar distance from the production filaments 2 to avoid damaging the same, contacts in the region C a liquid curtain 8 which is projected under pressure transversely of the direction of descent.
  • the width of the curtain 8 corresponds to the axial length of the drum 1, or may be selected differently in accordance with the prevailing requirements.
  • a screen 13 or analogous means may be provided for screening out the shattered particles from the liquid which may then be re-circulated in non-illustrated but conventional manner, whereas the screened-out particles may be removed and discarded, or be themselves re-circulated to the supply means for melting down. Removal of the screened-out particles may be 6 via a channel, a conduit or, as illustrated, a conveyor belt 14.
  • Reference numeral 15 diagrammatically suggests how the curtain 8 may be produced, in that it shows that a pipe or conduit can be provided which may be turnable about its longitudinal axis, the latter of course extending normal to the plane of FIG. 1.
  • the pipe 15 will be provided with a single slot-shaped outlet nozzle extending over the entire width for which the liquid curtain 8 is to be produced, or it may be provided with a plurality of individual nozzles arrayed longitudinally of the pipe 15. The construction of such nozzles is not new and does not form part of the invention.
  • the liquid curtain 8 As shown in FIG. 1, it is particularly advantageous to so direct the liquid curtain 8 that it will be propelled out of contact with the surface of the member 9 for as large a distance as possible, because its speed of propulsion is obviously the greater the less it is retarded as a result of frictional contact with the member 9.
  • the liquid curtain at least for the first third of its length-as seen with respect to the direction of movement upon issuing from the nozzles of the pipe 15-the liquid curtain should be propelled in parallelism or in substantial parallelism with the surface of the element 9 without contacting the same.
  • a cover member 16 is provided at the upper end of the element 9 which prevents decending drops which may for some reason have started a pendulum motion, from descending behin dthe pipe 15 and therefore behind the liquid curtain 8 where they would not be subjected to the intended treatment.
  • the same may be located in the space between the member 9 and the element 16 as shown in FIG. 1.
  • a method of producing filaments from vitreous material comprising the steps of exuding a drop of molten vitreous material from an orifice communicating with a supply of such material, so that the drop will descend under the influence of gravity in a plane which is laterally spaced from a rotary filament drawing surface, while drawing behind it a length of filament of said material; and propelling a curtain of liquid transversely of said plane against the descending drop and proximal filament portions at a velocity requisite for severing said drop and proximal filament portions from the remainder of said length of filament, while deflecting said remainder out of said plane and into contact with said rotary filament drawing surface.
  • first means accommodating a body of viscous molten vitreou material, and being operative for exuding a drop of such material so that such drop will descend in a downward path under the influence of gravity and draw a length of filament behind it;
  • second means including a rotary filament drawing surface, downwardly spaced from said first means and laterally spaced from said path; and third means for propelling a curtain of liquid under pressure transversely to and into said path of the descending drop at a velocity requisite for severing said drop and proximal filament portions from the remainder of said length of filament, while deflecting said remainder out of said path and into contact with said rotary filament drawing surface of said second means.
  • said third means comprises a guide surface extending transversely to said path and inclined in the direction of descent, and liquid-propelling means for propelling liquid in form of said curtain along said guide surface.
  • liquidpropelling means being operative for propelling said liquid in such a manner that said curtain is at least in part out of contact with said guide surface.
  • said liquidpropelling means comprising at least one liquid conduit provided with at least one liquid-ejecting nozzle.
  • said liquidpropelling means comprising at least one liquid conduit provided with a plurality of liquid-ejecting nozzles.
  • said liquidpropelling means comprising at least one liquid conduit provided with a plurality of liquid-ejecting nozzles at least some of which are movable.
  • said liquid- References Cited propelling means comprising at least one liquid conduit provided with a plurality of liquid-ejecting nozzles, some UNITED STATES PATENTS of said nozzles discharging in direction toward said guide 3,492,103 1/ 1970 Schuller et al. 65-10 surface and the remainder of said nozzles discharging in 5 3,506,419 4/1970, Smith et aL 5 at least substantial parallelism with said guide surface.
  • S. LEON BASHORE Primary Examiner comprising cover means covering said conduit at least in part against contact with said length of filament.
  • LINDSAY Assistant EXaminef 15.
  • said cover 10 means being upwardly spaced from and extending along U.S. Cl. X.R.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
US854134A 1968-09-07 1969-08-29 Method and apparatus for producing filaments from vitreous material Expired - Lifetime US3623853A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681796143 DE1796143B2 (de) 1968-09-07 1968-09-07 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einordnen von durch tropfenfall erzeugten faeden aus glas in eine oder mehrere aus einer vielzahl derselben bestehenden fadenebenen

Publications (1)

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US3623853A true US3623853A (en) 1971-11-30

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US854134A Expired - Lifetime US3623853A (en) 1968-09-07 1969-08-29 Method and apparatus for producing filaments from vitreous material

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US (1) US3623853A (ro)
AT (1) AT289324B (ro)
BE (1) BE738402A (ro)
BR (1) BR6912218D0 (ro)
CH (1) CH497347A (ro)
DE (1) DE1796143B2 (ro)
DK (1) DK130187B (ro)
FI (1) FI50104C (ro)
FR (1) FR2017566B1 (ro)
GB (1) GB1233809A (ro)
NL (1) NL163197C (ro)
RO (1) RO61610A (ro)
SE (1) SE348711B (ro)
YU (1) YU33441B (ro)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4252550A (en) * 1979-05-01 1981-02-24 Glaswerk Schuller Gmbh Method and apparatus for the integration of newly formed filaments into a continuous strand
US4356017A (en) * 1980-02-22 1982-10-26 Rockwool Aktiebolaget Method and apparatus for catching a partly fibrated mineral bloom

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1246937B (de) * 1961-10-21 1967-08-10 Wolfgang Schuller Vorrichtung zum Einordnen von abgerissenen, bei der Herstellung von Faeden aus Glas oder anderen anorganischen glasartigen Stoffen sich neu bildenden Faeden in einen laufenden Fadenstrang

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4252550A (en) * 1979-05-01 1981-02-24 Glaswerk Schuller Gmbh Method and apparatus for the integration of newly formed filaments into a continuous strand
US4356017A (en) * 1980-02-22 1982-10-26 Rockwool Aktiebolaget Method and apparatus for catching a partly fibrated mineral bloom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE348711B (ro) 1972-09-11
GB1233809A (ro) 1971-06-03
CH497347A (de) 1970-10-15
RO61610A (ro) 1977-01-15
FR2017566B1 (ro) 1975-03-21
BR6912218D0 (pt) 1973-01-25
DE1796143B2 (de) 1976-11-04
FI50104C (fi) 1975-12-10
YU227869A (en) 1976-08-31
YU33441B (en) 1977-02-28
BE738402A (ro) 1970-02-16
FI50104B (ro) 1975-09-01
DK130187C (ro) 1975-06-16
NL163197B (nl) 1980-03-17
FR2017566A1 (ro) 1970-05-22
NL163197C (nl) 1980-08-15
AT289324B (de) 1971-04-13
DK130187B (da) 1975-01-13
NL6913625A (ro) 1970-03-10
DE1796143A1 (de) 1972-02-17

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