US3593557A

US3593557A - Method and apparatus for making a rising hinge

Info

Publication number: US3593557A
Application number: US796768A
Authority: US
Inventors: Anton Uekotter; Paul Greisner
Original assignee: Aug Winkhaus GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Aug Winkhaus GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 1968-03-13
Filing date: 1969-02-05
Publication date: 1971-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 1988-07-20
Also published as: GB1166801A; DE1752040A1

Abstract

The tubular barrels of a rising hinge having a loose pin are shaped in a tubular die in which an obliquely inclined annular face of an internal shoulder divides the die bore into two portions of different uniform cross section, by inserting a metal blank into the wider bore portion and partly extruding the metal through the orifice in the annular face into the second, narrower bore portion. The wider portion of the intermediate metal body so obtained which duplicates the shape of the annular face, is drilled out to a cross section greater than that of the narrower bore portion so that the narrower metal portion is severed from the now-tubular wider portion of the metallic body.

Description

Unite States Patent Inventors Appl. No.

Filed Patented Assignee Priority METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING A RISING HINGE 6 Claims, 7 Drawing Figs.

IU.S.C1 72/254, 72/260, 29/11 lnt. Cl B21c 23/00 Field of Search 29/1 1 Primary Examiner-Charles W. Lanham Assistant Examiner-Michael J. Keenan Attorney-Low and Herman ABSTRACT: The tubular barrels of a rising hinge having a loose pin are shaped in a tubular die in which an obliquely inclined annular face of an internal shoulder divides the die bore into two portions of different uniform cross section, by inserting a metal blank into the wider bore portion and partly extruding the metal through the orifice in the annular face into the second, narrower bore portion. The wider portion of the intermediate metal body so obtained which duplicates the shape of the annular face, is drilled out to a cross section greater than that of the narrower bore portion so that the narrower metal portion is severed from the now-tubular wider portion of the metallic body.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING A RISING, HINGE This invention relates to rising hinges, and particularly to a method of forming a hinge element for such a hinge, and to a shaping arrangement for performing the method.

The two principal elements of conventional rising hinges are barrels which are connected by a pin for relative angular movement about a common axis and have abuttingly engaged annular cam faces which are obliquely inclined relative to the common axis. When the two hinge elements move relative to each other about the axis while the cam faces are held in axially abutting engagement, the barrels are also shifted axially with respect to each other. Hinges of the type described are commonly used in doors which are desired to move spontaneously into one or two stable positions relative to an associated doorframe when swung away from a stable position and then released, and the invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the making of a hinge element for such a door, but other applications will readily come to mind, and the applications of the hinge are not themselves relevant to this invention.

The cam faces on the hinge barrels are relatively complex in shape, and it has been usual heretofore to machine the hinge barrels or at least the cam faces from suitable metal stock by means ofa copying lathe or like equipment. Hinge barrels hav ing less precisely shaped cam faces have been obtained by bending an approximately chevron-shaped flat blank about a cylindrical mandrel and joining the axialedges of the bent blank. Both known methods are relatively slow and costly, and the results of the last-mentioned method are not always satisfactory unless great care is taken in preparing and bending the blank.

An object of the invention is the provision of a method of forming a hinge element of the type described which is not more or even less costly than the last-described known I method, yet produces hinge elements whose cam faces are as precisely shaped as when made onagood copying lathe.

Another object is the provision of a shaping arrangement for performing the aforedescribed method.

The shaping arrangement of the invention may consist mainly of a die body and of meansfor extruding a plastically deformable material in the die body. The latter is formed with an elongated, substantially straight bore having an open end and has a shoulder in the bore separatinga first longitudinal portion of the bore, which extends inward from the open end, from a second longitudinal portion smaller in cross-section than the first portion. The shoulder has, an annular face which is directed toward the open end of the bore and defines an orifice of the second bore portion. A circumferential part of the annular face is obliquely inclined relative to the directionof elongation of the bore.

The extruding means include a plunger member dimensioned for movement in the first bore portion in conforming engagement with the die body, and a press mechanism for forcing the plunger member inward of the bore against the re sistance of plastically deformable material introduced into the first bore portion, whereby the material is extruded through theorifice in the annular face from the first bore portion into the second bore portion.

In performing the method of the invention, a suitably dimensioned metallic blank may be introduced into" the aforementioned first bore portion, and the plunger member forced inward of the bore by the press mechanism until one portion of the metal is extruded through the orifice while another portion of the metal conformingly engages the annular face and an inner wall of the die body contiguously adjacent the annular face in the first bore portion to produce a metallic body which reproduces the shape of the bore and of the annular face.

This metallic body, if so desired, may further be formed with a passage thcrethrough in a direction corresponding to LII the elongation of the bore in which the body was formed. When the cross section of the passage is greater than that of the second bore portion in the die body, but smaller than that of the first, the wider portion of the metallic body becomes tubular, and the narrow portion is severed from the wider portion.

Other features, additional objects, and many of the attendant advantages of the invention will readily become apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments when considered in connection with the appended drawing.

In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is an exploded, elevational view of a rising hinge partly made according to this invention, a phantom view of the assembled hinge being superimposed on the exploded view;

FIG. 2 shows a first type of door provided with the hinge of FIG. 1 in plan section;

FIG. 3 shows a second type of door in a view corresponding to that of FIG. 2;

FIGS. 4 to 6 illustrate a primary shaping arrangement for making elements of the hinge of FIG. l in elevational section in three consecutive operating positions; and

FIG. 7 illustrates a secondary shaping arrangement in elevational section.

Referring initially to FIG. 1, there is shown a basically conventional rising hinge with the manufacture of which this invention is more specifically concerned. The hinge has three barrels l, 2, 4 which are normally coaxially connected by a loose, cylindrical hinge pin 3. The barrels l, 2 have respective, externally threaded,

radial mounting studs

5, 6, and a smooth stud 7 radially projects from the barrel 3.

The bore of the barrel 1 is plugged at one axial end, and-the other axial end-has an annular cam face 8. As is evident from joint consideration of FIGS. 1 and 4, the cam face has two diametrically opposite, circumferential portions which extend in two axially spaced radiallplanes and are connected by two diametrically opposite, obliquely inclined or helical face portions which connectthe two first'mentioned portions and extend between the two radial planes of the same. The oblique face portions are respective, parts of a righthanded and of a left-handed helix about the hinge axis.

The bore of the barrel 2 is open at both ends. A cam face 9 about one axial end of the bore is identical with the cam-face 8.

. and shaped to permit full area contact of the two cam faces 8,

9 in a selected angular position of the coaxial barrels l, 2. The other annular, radial end face of the barrel 2 is flat for abutting engagement with a similar end face at one axial end of the barrel 4. The other end of the barrel 4 is plugged or otherwise closed so as to retain the pin 3 in the aligned bores of the barrels in the assembled condition of the hinge indicated in chaindotted lines.

The manner of using the hinge of' FIG. I in doors is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. A door 10, of which only an upright. edge portion is seen, is inserted flush in a similarly illustrated. doorframe l 1. The gap between the door andframe is covered by a molding 12. The axis of the hinge is located in the upright plane of the gap. The stud 6 is threaded into the doorframe II, and the smooth stud 7 is received in a corresponding blind bore of the frame in a common vertical plane with the stud 6. The stud 5 is threaded into the door 10 and is offsetfrom the stud 6 relative to the hinge axis by approximately The illustrated arrangement permits the door 110 to be swung or slightly more clockwise from the illustrated position out of the frame 11. It will be appreciated that more than one hinge of the type shown in FIG. I is normally used for connecting a door and an associated frame.

FIG. 3 shows a swinging door I3 attached to a doorframe I4 by one or more hinges of the type shown; in FIG. I, whose

studs

5, 6, 7 are driven into the narrow edges of the door 13 and of the frame 14 in a common plane, thus permitting the door 13 to be swung clockwise or counterclockwise from the illustrated position through angles of more than 90.

The

studs

5 and 6 are oriented relative to the cam faces 8, 9 in such a manner that the

doors

10, 13 reach their lowest position in desired stable, angular relationships to the associated

frames

11, 14, while the cam faces 8, 9 make contact with each other over their full respective areas. The stable positions of the doors are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Angular displacement of a door from the illustrated position through an angle of less than 180 causes the door to ride upward on the cam face 9 of the associated barrel 2, and to revert by gravity to the illustrated position when released. When the door is swung fully open, it stays open.

The hinge barrels l, 2 are made as partly shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, and the barrel 4 may be prepared simultaneously, In the first barrel-shaping step illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, there is employed an upright tubular die 16 whose bore is of stepped, generally cylindrical shape. A first longitudinal portion of the bore extends inward from the open top end of the bore to a shoulder of the die whose upwardly directed annular face 17 is practically identical in shape and dimensions with the aforedescribed cam face 9. The face 17 defines the upper orifice of the second bore portion 18, also cylindrical and coaxial with the first bore portion 15, but smaller in cross section. The third or lowermost portion 22 of the bore in the die is cylindrical and smaller in diameter than the second portion 18 with which it is coaxial. The bore portion 22 extends to the lower open end of the bore, and is axially aligned with a corresponding bore or opening in the lower horizontal platen 25 of a hydraulic press, not otherwise shown, on which the die 16 rests.

In making a hinge barrel, a cylindrical metal slug or blank 19 approximately conforming to the first bore portion 15 is inserted into the same and forced inward of the bore by the flat bottom face of a cylindrical plunger 20 attached to the nonillustrated upper platen of the hydraulic press, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4. The plunger 20 is received in the bore portion 15 with'a close sliding fit. The blank 19 is too big to move as a whole through the orifice in the face 17. As the pressure of the press on the plunger 20 is increased, a portion 19' of the metal in the blank is extruded through the orifice into the bore portion 18 while the metal remaining in the first bore portion 15 conformingly engages the annular face 17 and the inner wall of the die in the bore portion 15 adjacent the annular face 17, as is seen in FIG. 5. The metallic body so produced is a negative copy or replica of the bore and particularly of the face 17, the corresponding portion of the metallic intermediate body being identical with the cam face 8.

An ejector pin 21 which is dimensioned for free axial movement in the third bore portion 22 is next introduced through the lower press platen to eject the intermediate product from the die 16 while the plunger 20 is withdrawn upward by the nonillustrated upper press platen, as shown in FIG. 6.

The intermediate product is next clamped in a chuck 26 on a lathe, not itself shown, while a drill 23 is moved coaxially against the rotating metal piece in a direction from its wider end. The drill is dimensioned to form a passage smaller in cross section than the outer diameter of the wide part in the intermediate product, but wider than the narrow extrudate 19' which is thereby severed from the now tubular wider portion. If so desired, the length of the tube so formed may be reduced simultaneously to a desired value by means of a cutting-off tool 24 in a conventional manner.

When removed from the lathe, the work piece is made identical with the hinge barrel 1 by plugging or otherwise closing the end of its bore or passage remote from the face 8. The barrel 2 which differs from the barrel 1 only by the absence of a plug at the end of its bore and by a smaller axial length, is prepared in the same manner. The barrel 4 may be made from the portion of the intermediate product cut off by the tool 24. The

studs

5, 6, 7 are attached to the associated

barrels

1, 2, 4 by resistance welding in proper angular relationship of the

studs

5, 6 to the associated angular cam faces 8,9.

If so desired, the extrudate 19' on one of two cooperating barrels may be dimensioned for insertion in the bore or passage of the other barrel as an integral or fixed hinge pin, and other modifications and variations of the method of the invention, not requiring significant changes in the illustrated and described shaping arrangement will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

The invention is not limited to the illustrated preferred shape of the cam faces 8, 9 but is equally applicable to rising hinges whose cam faces each extend in a full helix turn, the two ends of the turn being connected by a straight, axial face portion. These and more complexly shaped cam faces are readily obtained by the partial extrusion process illustrated with obvious minor changes in the die. The microstructure of the metal in and near the faces 8, 9 obtained by the extrusion is better than could be obtained by mere pressure forming in a die having a closed bottom. The face 8, 9 resist frictional wear and impact better than similar faces made in closed dies from the same metal.

When the blank 19 consists of brass and the hydraulic press supplies an adequate extrusion force, the process shown in FIGS, 4 to 6 may be performed without supplying external heating or cooling. Although some thermal energy is generated by the plastic deformation of the metal, the process is performed at temperatures near ambient or room temperature. Other metals suitable for use at room temperature include aluminum, magnesium and zinc alloys and certain mild steels.

What 1 claim is 1. A shaping arrangement comprising a. a die body formed with an elongated, substantially straight bore having an open longitudinal end and a plurality oflongitudinal portions differing in cross section,

1. a first one of said portions extending inward from said open end,

2. said body having a shoulder in said bore separating said first portion from a second longitudinal portion of said bore smaller in cross section than said first portion,

3. said shoulder having an annular face directed toward said open end and defining an orifice of said second portion,

4. a circumferential part of said annular face being obliquely inclined relative to the direction of elongation of said bore,

5. said annular face having three additional circumferential parts,

6. two of said additional parts extending from said obliquely inclined part in respective planes offset in said direction and substantially perpendicular to said direction, and

7. the third additional part connecting said two parts and extending between said planes obliquely relative to said direction; and

b. extruding means for extruding a plastically deformable material from said first portion of said bore through said orifice into said second portion, said extruding means including l. a plunger member dimensioned for movement in said first portion in conforming engagement with said die body, and

2. press means for forcing said plunger member inward of said bore against the resistance of said material.

2. An arrangement as set forth in claim 1, further comprising an ejector tool, the other longitudinal end of said bore being open and communicating with said second portion, said ejector tool being dimensioned for free longitudinal movement inward of said other end and into said second portion for ejecting extruded material therefrom.

3. An arrangement as set forth in claim 1, wherein said plunger member has a substantially flat face extending in a plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of said plunger member in said bore and facing said annular face during said forcing of said plunger member by said press means.

4. An arrangement as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first portion is substantially cylindrical.

5. A method of forming a hinge element for a rising hinge in a shaping arrangement including a die body formed with an elongated, substantially straight bore having an open longitudinal end and a plurality of longitudinal portions differing in cross section, a first one of said portions extending inward from said open end, said body having a shoulder in said bore separating said first portion from a second longitudinal portion of said bore smaller in cross section than said first portion, said shoulder having an annular face directed toward said open end and defining an orifice of said second portion, a cir cumferential part of said annular face being obliquely inclined relative to the direction of elongation of said bore; and extruding means for extruding a plastically deformable material from said first portion of said bore through said orifice into said second portion, said extruding means including a plunger member dimensioned for movement in said first portion in conforming engagement with said die body, and press means for forcing said plunger member inward of said bore against the resistance of said material, which method comprises:

a. introducing an elongated blank into the first portion of said bore,

1. said blank essentially consisting of metal and being dimensioned for longitudinal movement through said first portion, but too big for movement through said orifice;

b. forcing said plunger member inward of said bore by means of said press means until one portion of said metal is extruded through said orifice while another portion of said metal conformingly engages said annular face and an inner wall of said die body contiguously adjacent said an nular face in said first portion to produce a metallic body conforming to the shape of said bore and ofsaid face; and

. forming a passage through said metallic body in a direction from said one portion of the same toward said other portion, the cross section of said passage being greater than the cross section of said second portion of the bore in said die body, but smaller than the cross section of said first portion of said bore, until said one portion of said metallic body becomes tubular and said other portion is severed from said one p-ortionv 6. A method of forming a hinge element for a rising hinge in a shaping arrangement including a die body formed with an elongated, substantially straight bore having an open longitudinal end and a plurality of longitudinal portions differing in cross section, a first one of said portions extending inward from said open end, said body having a shoulder in said bore separating said first portion from a second longitudinal portion of said bore smaller in cross section than said first portion, said shoulder having an annular face directed toward said open end and defining an orifice of said second portion, a circumferential part of said annular face being obliquely inclined relative to the direction of elongation of said bore, said annular face having three additional circumferential parts, two of said additional parts extending from said obliquely inclined part in respective planes offset in said direction and substantially perpendicular to said direction, and the third additional part connecting said two parts and extending between said planes obliquely relative to said direction; and extruding means for extruding a plastically deformable material from said first portion of said bore through said orifice into said second portion, said extruding means including a plunger member dimensioned for movement in said first portion in conforming engagement with said die body, and press means for forcing said plunger member inward of said bore against the resistance of said material, which method comprises:

a introducing an elongated blank into the first portion of said bore,

b 1. said blank essentially consisting of metal and being dimensioned for longitudinal movement through said first portion, but too big for movement through said orifice;and

b. forcing said plunger member inward of said bore by means of said press means until onelportion of said metal 15 extruded through said orlfice WM 0 another portion of said metal conformingly engages said annular face and an inner wall of said die body contiguously adjacent said annular face in said first portion to produce a metallic body conforming to the shape of said bore and of said face.

Claims

1. A shaping arrangement comprising a. a die body formed with an elongated, substantially straight bore having an open longitudinal end and a plurality of longitudinal portions differing in cross section, 1. a first one of said portions extending inward from said open end, 2. said body having a shoulder in said bore separating said first portion from a second longitudinal portion of said bore smaller in cross section than said first portion, 3. said shoulder having an annular face directed toward said open end and defining an orifice of said second portion, 4. a circumferential part of said annular face being obliquely inclined relative to the direction of elongation of said bore, 5. said annular face having three additionaL circumferential parts, 6. two of said additional parts extending from said obliquely inclined part in respective planes offset in said direction and substantially perpendicular to said direction, and 7. the third additional part connecting said two parts and extending between said planes obliquely relative to said direction; and b. extruding means for extruding a plastically deformable material from said first portion of said bore through said orifice into said second portion, said extruding means including 1. a plunger member dimensioned for movement in said first portion in conforming engagement with said die body, and 2. press means for forcing said plunger member inward of said bore against the resistance of said material.

5. A method of forming a hinge element for a rising hinge in a shaping arrangement including a die body formed with an elongated, substantially straight bore having an open longitudinal end and a plurality of longitudinal portions differing in cross section, a first one of said portions extending inward from said open end, said body having a shoulder in said bore separating said first portion from a second longitudinal portion of said bore smaller in cross section than said first portion, said shoulder having an annular face directed toward said open end and defining an orifice of said second portion, a circumferential part of said annular face being obliquely inclined relative to the direction of elongation of said bore; and extruding means for extruding a plastically deformable material from said first portion of said bore through said orifice into said second portion, said extruding means including a plunger member dimensioned for movement in said first portion in conforming engagement with said die body, and press means for forcing said plunger member inward of said bore against the resistance of said material, which method comprises: a. introducing an elongated blank into the first portion of said bore,

5. said annular face having three additionaL circumferential parts,

6. A method of forming a hinge element for a rising hinge in a shaping arrangement including a die body formed with an elongated, substantially straight bore having an open longitudinal end and a plurality of longitudinal portions differing in cross section, A first one of said portions extending inward from said open end, said body having a shoulder in said bore separating said first portion from a second longitudinal portion of said bore smaller in cross section than said first portion, said shoulder having an annular face directed toward said open end and defining an orifice of said second portion, a circumferential part of said annular face being obliquely inclined relative to the direction of elongation of said bore, said annular face having three additional circumferential parts, two of said additional parts extending from said obliquely inclined part in respective planes offset in said direction and substantially perpendicular to said direction, and the third additional part connecting said two parts and extending between said planes obliquely relative to said direction; and extruding means for extruding a plastically deformable material from said first portion of said bore through said orifice into said second portion, said extruding means including a plunger member dimensioned for movement in said first portion in conforming engagement with said die body, and press means for forcing said plunger member inward of said bore against the resistance of said material, which method comprises: a. introducing an elongated blank into the first portion of said bore, b 1. said blank essentially consisting of metal and being dimensioned for longitudinal movement through said first portion, but too big for movement through said orifice; and b. forcing said plunger member inward of said bore by means of said press means until one portion of said metal is extruded through said orifice while another portion of said metal conformingly engages said annular face and an inner wall of said die body contiguously adjacent said annular face in said first portion to produce a metallic body conforming to the shape of said bore and of said face.

7. the third additional part connecting said two parts and extending between said planes obliquely relative to said direction; and b. extruding means for extruding a plastically deformable material from said first portion of said bore through said orifice into said second portion, said extruding means including