US3593401A - Eccentric tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A tool for setting fasteners of the two-piece type, i.e., such as a lock bolt including a pin and a collar adapted to be swaged thereon, and having an anvil for swagging the collar onto the pin and including gripping means in line with the anvil for gripping the pin whereby a relative axial force can be applied between the anvil and the gripping means to effectuate the swagging with the relative axial force being applied on a line eccentric from the axis of the anvil and the gripping means whereby clearance is provided.

Description

United States Patent 11113,593,401

[72] inventor Peter R. Chirco. 56] References Cited In 1 A l N gg x UNITED STATES PATENTS pp o. [22] Filed 14,1969 3,479.714 11/1969 Allsop. 29/200 [45] Patented July 20, 1971 Primary Examiner-Willie G. Abercrombie [73] Assignee Huck Manufacturing Company Attorney-Harness. Dickey & Pierce Detroit, Mich.

ABSTRACT: A tool for setting fasteners of the two-piece type, i.e., such as a lock bolt including a pin and a collar adapted to be swaged thereon, and having an anvil for [54] ECCENTRIC TOOL h u h l 7 claims 4 Drawing a swagging t e co ar ento t e pin an inc ing gripping means in line with the anvil for gripping the pin whereby a relative [52] US. Cl 29/200 R axial force can be applied between the anvil and the gripping [51] Int. Cl 1323p 19/00 means to effectuate the swagging with the relative axial force [50] Field of Search 29/200, 200 being applied on a line eccentric from the axis of the anvil and B, 413 the gripping means whereby clearance is provided.

PATENTEU JUL20 |97| SHEET 1 OF 2 ECCENTRIC TOOL SUMMARY BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION imized.

It is another object to provide a novel tool for setting fasteners of the two-piece type-including a collar and pin.

BRIEF DESCRlPTlON OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the lines 33-; and

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 2 showing the tool in the position setting the fastener.

Looking now to the drawings, a tool for setting fasteners of the two-piece type such as lock bolts, including a pin and a collar, is indicated by the numeral and is adapted to be driven by a source of hydraulic fluid (not shown) via the inlet and outlet lines 12 and 14, respectively. In general the tool comprises a cylinder assembly 16-, a collet assembly 18 and an anvil assembly 20. The cylinder assembly 16 includes a generally cylindrical housing 22 which has a bore 24 in which is reciprocably located a piston 26. The piston 26 has a rearwardly extending rod support portion 28 and a forwardly extending rod actuating portion 30. The rearwardly extending portion 28 is slidably supported within a cap member 32 which is located at the rearward end of the bore 24 and is sealingly supported therein. by means of an annular seal 34. The cap- 32 is held by an annular threaded retainer member 36. An annular seal 38 located on the inside diameter of the cap 32 provides for a seal with the rearwardly extending rod portion 28. The passageway :12 is directly connected to the head end of the bore 24 so that fluid under pressure can be applied thereto from the source (not shown). The passage 14 is connected to the rod end of the bore 24 via passageway 39 whereby a return path can be provided to the-source- The piston 26 includes a head portion 40 which is slidably supported within the bore 24 and' which has an annular seal member located in its periphery to provide for a seal on opposite sides of the' head portion 40. The support rod portion 28 is located eccentrically relative to the axis of the head portion 40. A relief valve structure'44 comprising a solid pin- 46 which extends through an opening 48 inthe lower portion'of the head portion 40 provides pressure relief at the opposite ends of thestroke of the piston 26. The pin 46 has a first reduceddiameter portion 50. which at the'rearward end. of the stroke of the" piston 26. provides clearance with the bore 48 such' that'retu'rn fluid from the rodend of the bore 24' canbe communicated to the head end' of'the bore 24-andback tothe relief effect withthe piston 26'at' its extreme position at the rod 'endof the bore -24. Thus, whenthe piston head portion 40 is at either opposite-extremity of! its stroke, pressure relief-will be'pro'vided' whereby damage'tothe tool isprevented. Note that the central portion 54 of' the rod 46. isofa generally uniform diameter which is substantially equal to the diameter thepowered portion of the stroke-ofthe piston 26.

The-actuating rodportion 30 is generally in line with the supportgportion 28" and hence isI-also eccentric relative'to the head'portion 40; The forward end'of the rod'portion' 30is' of the bore 48 whereby no pressure relief is provided during I pin 113 to be securely gripped-between the fixed jaw 88 and sealed by means of an annular seal 55 which is supported within the forward end of the cylinder housing 22. The rearward support rod portion 28 is provided to react the unbalanced loads on the head portion 40 as a result of the eccentricity of the actuating rod portion 30.

The anvil housing assembly 20 is threadably secured to a threaded reduced diameter outer end portion 56 of the cylinder housing portion 22 and is held from rotation by means of an antirotation assembly including a bolt 58 and a bar member 60. j

The anvil housing assembly 20 includes an anvil housing 62 (which is secured to end portion 56 as previously noted) which is generallyU-shaped in cross section and which terminates at its forward end in an upwardly extending forward wall portion 64.

The forward wall portion 64 generally encloses the outer end of the housing 62 and terminates at its upper end in a counterbored bore 66 in which is located a swagging anvil 68 (which can be of a conventional construction). Theaxis X of the swagging anvil 68 is substantially offset from the axis'Y of the piston assembly 26.

Slidably supported within the U-shaped housing member 62 is a collet member 70 which is generally L-shaped and is threadably secured by means of a threaded portion 73 to a' threaded bore 75 at the outer end of the rod portion 30 of the piston 26. The forward end of the collet 70 terminates in a generally axially extending cavity 72 which is substantially axially in line with the axis Y of the piston 26. A support rod member 74 is fixedly supported within the bore 72 and extends into a bore 76 at the outer face of the forward wall. 64 and is held in place by a pair of roll pins 78 and 80. While the collet 70 can reciprocate in response to reciprocation of the piston 26, the support pin 74 will remain fixed. The collet 70 has an upwardly extending jaw support portion 82 which.extends generally coextensively with the upwardly extending forward wall 64 of the anvil housing 62; collet 70 has an axially extending bore 84 which is in alignment with the axis X of the anvil 68. A transversely extending cavity 86 communicates the bore 72 with the bore 84 and has located therein an upper, fixed gripping jaw member 88 and a lower movable jaw member 90. The fixed jaw member 88 has a generally semicircular portion 92 witha plurality of teeth 94 which are adapted to grip the pin of the fastener. The axis of the toothed portion 92 is generally in line with the axis X of the anvil 68 and bore 84. The movable jaw portion has a semicircular jaw portion 96. which has a plurality of teeth 98 which are adapted to grip thepin on the fastener. The bore portion 94 and the bore portion 98 generally define a diameter somewhat similar to that of the pin to be gripped but generally defining that diameterof the pin'after the teeth-94 and 98 have engaged the pin.

The movable jaw 90 is normally urged towards the fixed jaw 88 by a pair of coil spring members 100 which are located within a bore 102 within the fixed movable jaw 90 and are locatable against flat portions 104 on the fixed pin 74. The fixed pin 74 has a generally flat-upper'surface' portion-106 and has an inclined portion 108 normally located proximate to a similarly-inclined portion 110 at the rearward end of the lower end of'the movable jaw-'90: The rearward portion ofthe lower end of the jaw 90 is generally flat as indicated by the numeral 1'12. In operation, the pin 113 of the" fastener isextended through the anvil 68' and between the teeth94 and-98 of the fixed jaw '88 and movable jaw 90,- respectively. To set the fastener, the tool 10 is energized such that fluid under pressure is applied to-the rod end of the piston 26 moving it rearwardly within'the bore 24 causing-the collet-70 and the fixed jaw 88: and movable jaw 90 to bemoved rearwardly'therewith. As this occurs, the-movable jaw 90 is cammed upwardly via the engagement between the'inclined portion 110 on-the jaw 90 and the inclined portion l08'onth'e pin 74. This causes the movable jaw 90 with the teeth 94-and 98 bitinginto-thepin portion 112 of saw 90 will engage'the'flat portion 1060f the pin 74 and a relative axial force will continue to be applied between the pin 113 and the collar 115 This movement will be continued'until the axial force is such asto cause the anvil 68 to swage the collar. 115 upon the pin 113 (see FIG. 4). Further movement willresult in breakage of the pin at its breakneck groove. A tubular collar ejector 117 fixed to the upper portion 82 of collet 70 and coaxial with axis X will eject the swaged collar 115 from the anvil 68 upon the return stroke ofthe tool 10.

Note that the axis Z of the bore 24 and hence of the head portion 40 of piston 26 is offset relative to the force transmitting axis Y of the piston 26. This provides additional clearance for the tool in the area rearwardly of the pin 113 such that the tool can be used in close clearance applications where conventional tools could not-be used. Thus the construction of the present invention provides a simplified tool I having substantial clearance in the area of the fastener whereby close clearance applications can be handled.

While it will be apparent that the preferred embodiment of the invention disclosed is well calculated to fulfill the objects above stated, it will be appreciated that the invention is susceptible to modification, variation and change without departing from the proper scope or fair meaning of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. ln a tool for setting two-piece fasteners such as a lock bolt having a pin and a collar adapted to be swaged onto the pin in response to a relative axial force applied by the tool between the pin and the collar, said tool comprising swagging means for swagging the collar onto the pin, gripping means for gripping the pin, andactuating means for axially moving said swagging means and said gripping means whereby a relative axial force is applied between said swagging means and said gripping means for setting the fasteners, said gripping means comprising a collet member and a plurality of jaw members supported by said collet for movement towards and away from each other in a direction substantially solely transversely relative to said collet member, and jaw actuating means operatively connected with said jaw members for moving said jaw member in said direction in response to the relative axial movement between said gripping means and said swagging means.

2. The tool of claim 1 with said jaw actuating means comprising a pin member fixed relative to said gripping means.

3. The tool of claim 2 with said jaw members including at least one movable jaw member having a cam surface engageable with a mating cam surface on said pin member whereby relative axial movement between said gripping means and said swagging means results in movement of said one movable jaw member in said direction.

4. The tool of claim 3 with said swagging means comprising a housing member for supporting a swagging member and for slidably supporting said collet member, said pin member being secured to said housing member.

5. The tool of claim 4 with said jaw members including a fixed jaw member with an opening defined between said jaw members to receive the pin of the fastener being axially in line with an opening through said swagging member, the axis of the openings of said swagging member and said jaw members being transversely offset from the axis along which said actuating means applies said relative axial force whereby substantial clearance is provided in the area of said openings.

6. The tool of claim 5 with said collet member including a transversely extending portion having a transversely extending slot for receiving said jaw members and having a bore for supportably receiving said pin member.

7. The tool of claim 6 further comprising a piston assembly for actuating said collet member, said piston assembly having a piston member having a force transmitting axis eccentric to the axis of said piston member whereby clearance is provided at the rear of said jaw members.

Claims (7)

1. In a tool for setting two-piece fasteners such as a lock bolt having a pin and a collar adapted to be swaged onto the pin in response to a relative axial force applied by the tool between the pin and the collar, said tool comprising swagging means for swagging the collar onto the pin, gripping means for gripping the pin, and actuating means for axially moving said swagging means and said gripping means whereby a relative axial force is applied between said swagging means and said gripping means for setting the fasteners, said gripping means comprising a collet member and a plurality of jaw members supported by said collet for movement towards and away from each other in a direction substantially solely transversely relative to said collet member, and jaw actuating means operatively connected with said jaw members for moving said jaw member in said direction in response to the relative axial movement between said gripping means and said swagging means.

2. The tool of claim 1 with said jaw actuating means comprising a pin member fixed relative to said gripping means.

3. The tool of claim 2 with said jaw members including at least one movable jaw member having a cam surface engageable with a mating cam surface on said pin member whereby relative axial movement between said gripping means and said swagging means results in movement of said one movable jaw member in said direction.

4. The tool of claim 3 with said swagging means comprising a housing member for supporting a swagging member anD for slidably supporting said collet member, said pin member being secured to said housing member.

5. The tool of claim 4 with said jaw members including a fixed jaw member with an opening defined between said jaw members to receive the pin of the fastener being axially in line with an opening through said swagging member, the axis of the openings of said swagging member and said jaw members being transversely offset from the axis along which said actuating means applies said relative axial force whereby substantial clearance is provided in the area of said openings.

6. The tool of claim 5 with said collet member including a transversely extending portion having a transversely extending slot for receiving said jaw members and having a bore for supportably receiving said pin member.

7. The tool of claim 6 further comprising a piston assembly for actuating said collet member, said piston assembly having a piston member having a force transmitting axis eccentric to the axis of said piston member whereby clearance is provided at the rear of said jaw members.

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