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US3589250A - Reinforced concrete slab resting on soft ground - Google Patents

Reinforced concrete slab resting on soft ground Download PDF

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Publication number
US3589250A
US3589250A US841521A US3589250DA US3589250A US 3589250 A US3589250 A US 3589250A US 841521 A US841521 A US 841521A US 3589250D A US3589250D A US 3589250DA US 3589250 A US3589250 A US 3589250A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
slab
projections
reinforced concrete
soil
meters
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US841521A
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English (en)
Inventor
Radan M Sedijatmo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTRAPORT AMSTERDAM NV
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INTRAPORT AMSTERDAM NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INTRAPORT AMSTERDAM NV filed Critical INTRAPORT AMSTERDAM NV
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Publication of US3589250A publication Critical patent/US3589250A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
    • E01C7/14—Concrete paving
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
    • E01C3/006—Foundations for pavings made of prefabricated single units

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a reinforced concrete slab formed to provide a rugged support when resting on soil to form a roadway for vehicles, a runway for aircraft or a foundation for a machine or building.
  • the layer of sand beneath the actual runway is of a thickness of 1.50 to 2.0 meters and serves to distribute the wheel pressures of the aircraft over such a large area of the soft soil beneath the layer of sand that the permissible pressure on the soil-which is of the order of 0.2 to 0.3 kgJcm. is not exceeded. To satisfy this requirement, the layer of sand has to be kept dry by means ofa good drainage system.
  • the earthmoving requires a considerable amount of heavy equipment, so that first of all the required access roads have to be constructed over the said poor soils. After the required soil stabilization and sand filling have been provided an extensive and good system of drainage pipes is fitted to keep the sand course dry.
  • the construction of the actual runway cannot start until this has been done, and the runway consists of a hard course about 0.50 meters thick ofsand and rock with a surfacing of about 30 cm. cement concrete. The said thicknesses of the courses depend upon the maximum aircraft load.
  • the object of the invention is considerably to reduce the costs for material transport and construction time by completely eliminating all the preparatory and associated work, such as soil stabilization by means of sand filling and the construction of an extensive and good drainage system to keep the sand course dry.
  • the invention provides a reinforced concrete slab formed to provide a rugged support when resting on soft soil to form a runway for aircraft or the like, said slab being formed of reinforced concrete and provided with reinforced concrete projections shaped to form pockets for the reception of soil, said projections being resistant to bending and being secured rigidly to the underside of the slab, said slab having a thickness of the order 8 to 25 centimeters, said projections having a width of about I to 2 meters and a length of about 1 to meters and being spaced apart about L2 to 4 meters.
  • the function of the said sand course is taken over completely by a relatively thin slab of reinforced concrete provided with an efficient stiffening system formed by the projections, so that the relatively thin slab of reinforced concrete, which can be 8 to cm. thick, can properly carry out its pressure-distributing function.
  • This stiffening system is distinguished by its simple form and composition, and also by the simplicity and convenience ofits construction. This simplicity and convenience of construction are at a maximum in soft soils where the soil water level is high.
  • the quantity of concrete to be used for constructing a slab according to the invention is small. This small quantity can be decreased by applying projections deriving their stiffness in all vertical planes substantially from their form.
  • the projections preferably consist of tubes.
  • the projections it is advantageous for the projections to extend to a greater depth at the edges of the slab than the projections at the center thereof.
  • the invention also provides a method for constructing a slab according to the invention. This method is characterized by the following successive steps:
  • the lefabricated projections can easily be inserted even in very soft soil, particularly in morass.
  • the projections may consist of prefabricated round tubes of reinforced concrete.
  • the outside diameter, length and spacing will depend upon the nature of the soft soil and the maximum loading expected on the slab, which will be explained in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
  • FIG. I is a top plan view of part of a runway according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section on the line lI-II in FIG. ll.
  • FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically a plan view of a slab according to the invention.
  • FIG. Si is a side view ofthe slab according to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 is a side view on larger scale of the part V of FIG. 5.
  • prefabricated reinforced concrete tubes 3 are recessed into the soft soil 2.
  • Each tube 3 is recessed into the soil as follows: the soil within the upright tube is first excavated in layers either manually or mechanically. As the excavation of the soil advances, the tube is advanced into the soil until the required depth has been reached. The excavated soil, which during excavation was temporarily piled around the circumference of the tube, is then completely returned to the original plane inside the tube and tamped down well until the tube is completely embedded rigidly and immovably in. the ground to the depth shown in FIG. 2. In some cases, for example in very soft soil, the relatively lightweight and short tubes can easily be driven into the ground,
  • the steel reinforcement of the slab 4 is twisted in known manner and the concrete is then poured as for an ordinary floor slab. It must be expressly pointed out that care must be taken to ensure a rigid and immovable connection between the slab and the tube so as to prevent any angular turning between the tube and the slab, To this end, the reinforcing wires of the tubes can project at the top, form the prefabricated concrete and act as anchors or hooks in the slab 4. The top edges of the tubes 3 may also project somewhat above the soil in these tubes.
  • the tubes 3 are not intended to transmit the wheel pressures of the aircraft on the slab to the firm soil via the tubes as is the case with well foundations. In actual fact the tubes 3 are as it were suspended in the soft soil from the slab 4. No further explanation is necessary to show that this new method of applying stiffened reinforced concrete slabs to soft soilsparticularly when the water level is high-can be carried out much more simply and quickly than in the conventional manner using main and bridging joists of reinforced concrete.
  • the stiffening action of the tubes 3 on the slab 4 is due to the fact that when the soil beneath the slab is loaded it is so compressed by the tubes that it cannot escape laterally, so that the slab remains stiff as it were.
  • the above-described runway or road has the very important advantage that it requires no reinforcing or stiffening for increasing wheel loads, since the heavier wheel pressure simply has to be transmitted by the same slab over a larger area to the soft soil while with conventional runways and roads a complete reinforcement or thickening of the pressure'distributing sand course and of the roadway itself is necessary.
  • round tubes are preferably, square or other tubes having angular cross sections can be used as projections.
  • the invention also covers slabs for which the projections are not formed by tubes.
  • FIG. 3 shows a number of examples of cross sections of formations of such projections.
  • the projections derive their stiffness substantially from their form preferably not only in one vertical plane, like the projections of FIG. 3e but in all vertical planes, like the projections of FIGS. 3a. 3b. 3a and 3f and particularly like the pro jections'ofFlGS. l and 2.
  • FIG. 6 shows the part Vl ofthe slab of FIG. 5.
  • the load is for example an equally distributed load p.
  • the security factor n l .5.
  • the pitch distance a 2.5 m.
  • the wall thicknesses of the tubes are so computed. that they are rigid enough to withstand bending load.
  • the specific loadp is l ton/m
  • the internal friction angle of the soil d 25.
  • the pitch distance 11 4 m. and the length li l m.
  • the specific load p is 5 ton/mi
  • the specific weight of the soil c l .7.
  • the internal friction angle of the soil 1 9A.
  • the distance a l .5 rn. and the width IF] .2 in.
  • the specific load p is 1 ton/ml.
  • the internal friction angle ofthe soil 1 25".
  • the slab thickness d 25 cm.
  • the specific load p 5 ton/mi
  • the specific weight of the soil c l .7.
  • the slab according to the invention is practically stiff the slab can be loaded by a point load P which is equal to the product ofthe specific load 2 and the slab area RL.
  • a reinforced concrete slab formed to provide a rugged support when resting on soft soil to form a runway for aircraft or the like, said slab being formed of reinforced concrete and provided with reinforced concrete projections shaped to form pockets for the reception of soil, said projections being resistant to bending and being secured rigidly to the underside of the slab.
  • said slab having a thickness of the order 8 to 25 centimeters, said projections having a width of about 1 to 2 meters and a length of about l to 5 meters and being spaced apart about 1.2 to 4 meters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
US841521A 1965-06-17 1969-07-14 Reinforced concrete slab resting on soft ground Expired - Lifetime US3589250A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6507747A NL6507747A (xx) 1965-06-17 1965-06-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3589250A true US3589250A (en) 1971-06-29

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ID=19793405

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US841521A Expired - Lifetime US3589250A (en) 1965-06-17 1969-07-14 Reinforced concrete slab resting on soft ground

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3589250A (xx)
BE (1) BE682680A (xx)
DK (1) DK125029B (xx)
GB (1) GB1146003A (xx)
NL (1) NL6507747A (xx)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5082393A (en) * 1987-05-29 1992-01-21 Ringesten Bjoern Method for forming road and ground constructions
US20070059107A1 (en) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Van Riper Edwin D Slab-on-ground foundation design method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US176573A (en) * 1876-04-25 Improvement in pavements
US1453261A (en) * 1921-02-16 1923-05-01 Amies Joseph Hay Highway and similar foundation
GB734106A (en) * 1953-07-03 1955-07-27 Stanley Robert Mullard Improvements in and relating to surfaces particularly for use on sports grounds
US3138078A (en) * 1961-02-28 1964-06-23 Nojima Takeo Road substructure construction

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US176573A (en) * 1876-04-25 Improvement in pavements
US1453261A (en) * 1921-02-16 1923-05-01 Amies Joseph Hay Highway and similar foundation
GB734106A (en) * 1953-07-03 1955-07-27 Stanley Robert Mullard Improvements in and relating to surfaces particularly for use on sports grounds
US3138078A (en) * 1961-02-28 1964-06-23 Nojima Takeo Road substructure construction

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5082393A (en) * 1987-05-29 1992-01-21 Ringesten Bjoern Method for forming road and ground constructions
US20070059107A1 (en) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Van Riper Edwin D Slab-on-ground foundation design method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6507747A (xx) 1966-12-19
DK125029B (da) 1972-12-18
BE682680A (xx) 1966-12-19
GB1146003A (en) 1969-03-19

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