US355658A - Hydraulic motor -for elevators and other purposes - Google Patents

Description

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'0. mons. HYDRAULIC MOTOR -POR ELEVATORS AND OTHER PURPOSES.

Patented Jan. 4, 1887.

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C. G. O TIS. HYDRAULlG MOTORJ POR' ELEVATORS AND OTHER PURPOSES. No. 355,658, Patented Jan. 4,'18'87.

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WITNESSES: INVENTOR .MT QRJVEYS N. Pneus. Phnmumgmpmn wnmmmuA a UNITED STATES PATENT Erice.

CHARLES G. O'IIS, OF BOOKLYN, NEW' YORK.k

HYDRAULIC MOTOR-"FOR ELEVATORS ANDOTHER PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 355,658, dated January 4, 1887.

l Application lerl September 24, 1886. Serial No. 2MASS. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, CHARLES G.' Oris,- a

citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Motors for Elevatorsrand other Purposes, of which the following lis a,

specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in hydraulic motors for elevators and other purposes; and it consists in certain novel features of construction, fully pointed out in thefollowing speciiication and claims, andillustrated in the accompanyingA drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical cross-section on the line fr x, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section' on the line y y, Fig. 1.` Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on the line zz, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 2o zv x', Fig. 2. Figs. 5 and 6 are detailed views of the slide-valve. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the application of my motor to an elevator. Figs. 8 and 9 are sectional elevations of a modification, and Fig. l0 a sectional elevation showing the series of pistons secured to the rotating piston-wheel.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts. In thedrawings the letters A A designate two standards, in which are firmly mounted` a series of annular cylinders, B, each of which is provided with a stationary abutment, C, which extends across said cylinder, between the water-passages c and b, Fig. l, and abuts against the piston-wheel D, which ts closely over the cylinders B. Into each of the cylinders is fitted a piston, E, projecting from the inner surface of the piston-wheel, which, when acted upon by the water entering either of the passages c or b, will cause said piston-wheel to make part of a revolution around the stationary cylinders.

A slide-valve,'F, is fitted into the center of the series'of cylinders, and serves to control the passage ofthe water to and from the same in such a Way that its pressure may be brought to bear on one or more of the pistons E at will, so that either one or more of the cylinders may be operated, as the work required of the motor may 'make necessary. f

G is the supply-pipe, through which the water enters the motor under sufficient pressure for the work required. H is the discharge-pipe, through which the water passes as it leaves the machine. These pipes connect, respectively, with supplyand discharge passages c d, which open into the valve-chest I opposite each other, asseen in Fig. .3.

At one end of the slide-valve are formed the water in this chamber may pass into thev dischargepassage d. (See Fig. 5.)

The valve chest I communicates with each of the annular cylinders by means of passages a and b, situated, as above described, on opposite sides of the stationary abutments G. When the slide-valve is in acertain position the passages-a and b communicate, respectively, with the chambers eand'f in the slide-valve through openings 7c and Z, formed in the shell of the latter, as best seen in Fig. l.

In the drawings the position of the slidevalve in relation to the other parts is such as to admit the water from the supply-passage c into the chamber e in the valve, and then through one of the openings 7c, through the passage a. into one of theannular cylinders between its abutment@ and its piston E, as indicated by arrows in Fig. l, thereby causing the piston-wheel Dto turn in the direction of the arrow l until the piston E strikes the abut-` ment on-they side opposite to that vfrom which itstarted. While the piston is passing throughl the annular cylinder, as .above described, the air or ywater in front of said piston will pass out through thepassage b, the chamber f, andv the passage d. This motion ofthe piston-wheel I will call the forward7 motion. r

. While thepiston-wheel is being rotated, as

-above described, by means of power applied IOO a way as to permit communication between the two waterl passages a andb when these recesses are moved opposite these passages. Thev -4 relative position of these recesses and of the ,openings k andZ in the slide-valve is such that when power is admitted to any of the cylinders by these openings the recesses m will come opposite to the passages leading from the cylinders not employed, and permit the air or water which may be in front of the pistons of such unemployed cylinders to circulate freely, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 4.

If my motor is attached to an elevator, the operation just described will cause the elevator to be raised to its highestposition, in which position it will be held, the abutments C preventing any further forward movement,while thetendency to run back, caused by the weight of the elevator, will be checked by the pressure of thewaterin the cylinderbehind the -piston. 1f the slide-valve is now moved endwise, so that the solid portions thereof come opposite to the passages a b and prevent the escape or circulation of the water behind the pistons, the piston-wheel and the elevator attached to it will be held in position.

When it is desired to lower the elevator, th

slide-valve is again moved endwise, so that one of the recesses m comes opposite to each pair of passages, (designated a and b,) thereby permitting the water or airin all of the annular cylinders to circulate through the recesses m, leaving the piston-wheel free to follow the tendency imparted toit by the elevator, so that the latter will run down to its lower` position, thereby turning the piston-wheel back to its"original position, as shown in Fig. 1, the speed of the latter operation being controlled by the size of the orifice formed between the lrecesses m and the walls of the valve-chest,

, balanced by a counter-weight, so that the counter-weight is heavier than the empty or partially-loaded-elevatorcarriage-it may sometimes be necessary to turn the piston-wheel back to its normal position by power. This I accomplish by means ofvtwo chambers, n and o, Fig.- 6, formed in the end of the slide-valve opposite to the chambers e and f. The cham-Y bers n and o are provided with two openings, r and s, which can be brought opposite to the nearest pair of passages a b by moving the slide-valve in the proper direction. 1n the slide-valve are formed two auxiliary ports, p and q, which, when the slide-valve is moved so that the openings o" s come under the passages a b, will come opposite the supply andV discharge passages c d. (See Fig. 6.) The water entering through the passage c will pass into the chamber n, then through its opening 7o r into the passage b, and in front of the piston, forcing the latter back to its normal position. In the drawings IV `have shown only one pair of openings froln the chambers n o; but it is obvious that the chamber could be extended and a sucient number of such opeuings provided to operate all the pistons shown; or the recesses m might be dispensed with and the piston-wheel beV turned in either direction by means of power applied to the pistons.

The motor, when moving in either direction, may be stopped at any desired point by simply moving the slide-valve so that the solidA portions thereof come opposite the passages a b, thereby preventing the circulation or exit of the water in the annular cylinders and bringing the piston-whee1 to a stop.

The slide-valve may be moved by the rack tand pinion u, as shown in the drawings, or in any other convenient manner. l I have shown the rope J, which operates the elevator, attached directly to the piston-wheel, and have provided the latter with fianges v, to prevent the rope from slipping olf; .but I do not desire to confine myself to the use of the piston-wheel for the drum, since a drum of larger size may be secured to the piston-wheel; or the drum may be mounted separately and connected to the motor by suitable gearing.

One of the objects of my invention is to secure the greatest possible economy of water inthe operation of my motor. This I accomplish by proportioning the water used to the load to be applied to my motor. If the load is light, I use but one of the annular cylinders, as above described, and increase the number of cylinders so employed as the load increases; and as it is necessary to -fill only'those cylinders that are employed with new water, it will be obvious that much less water is used than if all the cylinders were constantly employed.

Another advantage is that the speed of the forward motion of the mot-or can be controlled by bringing more or less of the cylinders into action as more or less speed is desired, while-the speed of the return motion of the motor, when a load is attached to it, can be controlled by regulating the size of the openings through which the water is permitted to circulate; or the return motion can be produced by means of power applied to one or more of the pistons in a manner similar to its forward motion. t

Another great advantage is that after the motor has once made a forward motion the cylinders employed in causing said forward motion will always remain full of water, which Awill insure a steady and smooth action of the motor in either direction, This filling of the cylinders with water on both sides of the pistonspoccurs as follows: The normal position of the motor is, as shown in Fig. 1, with the piston against the side of the abutment `C adjacent IIO to the passage a. Asthe water enters the cyl? inder through said passage jit will cause the piston to be turned until `it strikes the abutment on the side opposite to its rst position, Where it must stop, having reached the endof its forward motion. The slide-valve is now lmoved so as to ,close up the passages c b,

thereby retaining in the cylinder .the Water which has caused thepiston to make its for ward motion. Now, to permit the piston to begin its return motion, it is necessary to move the slide-valve so that the recesses m come opposite to the passages a and b. The water which has entered the cylinder through the passage a will now begin to run out ofthe same through said passage, passingthrough the recess m and into the cylinder again through the passage b in front of the piston, and as the water behind the piston recedes the latter will follow it until it has reached its normal position against the abutment,`and thewater which was behind the piston will now be in front of the same in consequence of the circulation just described. It will be understood that during this return motion the water has acted on both sides of the piston during its whole motion and served to steady it, while the speed of its circulation, and consequently the speed of the piston-wheel,- was controlled by the size of the orifice formedbetween the recess m and the Walls of thevalvechest. Y

When the piston begins a new forward motion, the water in front of the same, and which has been used, as above described, both for the preceding forward motion and also in the return motion,will be forced out of the passage b into the chamber f of the slide-valve, and then into the discharge passage d, from where it may run into the waste or be again used, as found most convenient.

When the drum on which the rope J is wound is not formed directly on the piston-wheel, it

may sometimes be convenient to reverse 'the relative positions of the cylinders and the piston-wheelthat is, the piston-Wheel may be surrounded by the cylinders, and the former may rotate in the interior of the latter, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. In these gures the cylinders B are formed in the outer portion or shell of the motor, rWhich is firmly secured to the ground. The piston-Wheel D, carrying the pistons is fitted into the cylinders so as to rotate therein when the water enters either ot the passages a or b, which are controlled by the valve F,mpunted on the outside of the motor. In thismodiication the valve-chest is dispensed with, the supply andy discharge pipes being connected directly to the valve, which is held in place byk two guides, a', projecting from thestationary position of the motor.

When the supply and discharge .pipes are secured directly to the valve, it is necessary that they be provided with flexible connections withl the Water and Waste pipes. It will beunderstood, however, that a valve-chest may be used and provided with stationary supply and discharge passages similar to those shown in Fig.` 3.-

Vhen the motor is builtin the form shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the drum onwhich the rope J is'wound may be secured at one side ofthe piston-wheel when attached to an elevator that is notoverbalancedyor, when -attached to an elevator that is overbalnaced, a drum may -be attached to each side of the piston-wheel,

. inder, a series of pistons firmly secured to Vthe piston-Wheel, one forv each cylinder, a series of passages, a and b, arranged in pairs, each pair leading into one of the cylinders on opposite sides of its abutment, a supply-pipe and a discharge-pipe common to all the cylinders,

and a valve constructed to control the communication between the supply and discharge pipes and one or more of the pairs of passages a and b, substantially as described.

s 2. The combination of a series of annular non-rotating cylinders arranged side by side,

a piston-wheel rotatable around the cylinders,

a series of stationary abutments, one for each cylinder, a series of pistons rmly securedto the interior of the rotating piston-wheel, one for each cylinder, aseries of passages, aand b, arranged in pairs, and each pair leading into one of the cylinders on opposite sides of its stationary abutment, a supply and a discharge pipe common to all the cylinders, and a valve constructed to control the communication be- ICO tweenthe supply and discharge pipes and one Vor more of the pairs of passages, substantially as described. p

3. The combination, with a series of annular cylinders and a piston-Wheel surrounding said cylinders, of the stationary abutments C, the pistons E, firmly secured to the piston- Wheel, the valve-chest I, the passages a and.b, leading from the valve-chest to the annular r I o cylinders on opposite sides of the abutments,f

the valve F, which controls all the passages c and b, the recesses m in said valve, and the supply and discharge pipes, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with a series of annular cylinders anda piston-wheel surrounding said cylinders, of the abutments C, the pistons E, firmly secured to the piston-wheel, the

valve-chest I, the passages a and b, leadingl from the valve-chest into the annular cylinders on opposite sides of the abutments, the slide-valve F, provided with a supply and a discharge `chai'nberycommunicating with the supply and discharge pipes and with the'passages a and' b, the recessesmin the slide-valve, and the supply and discharge pipes, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with an annular cylinder and a piston-whee1 surrounding said cylinder, of a stationary abutment, C, the piston E,

.firmly secured to the piston-Wheel. the valveand with the passage b, and with a chamber, o, communicating with the discharge pipe and with the passage a, when the valve is in another position, and the supply and discharge pipes, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of' two Subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES G. oTIs. [n s.]

Witn esses: v

W. HAUFF, OTTO HUFELAND.

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