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US3556068A - Device for controlling the ignition in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Device for controlling the ignition in an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3556068A
US3556068A US799416A US3556068DA US3556068A US 3556068 A US3556068 A US 3556068A US 799416 A US799416 A US 799416A US 3556068D A US3556068D A US 3556068DA US 3556068 A US3556068 A US 3556068A
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United States
Prior art keywords
switch
voltage
engine
magnetic switch
ignition
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US799416A
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Bernard Varaut
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Compteurs Schlumberger SA
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Compteurs Schlumberger SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P7/00—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
    • F02P7/06—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of circuit-makers or -breakers, or pick-up devices adapted to sense particular points of the timing cycle
    • F02P7/067—Electromagnetic pick-up devices, e.g. providing induced current in a coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/155—Analogue data processing
    • F02P5/1553—Analogue data processing by determination of elapsed angle with reference to a particular point on the motor axle, dependent on specific conditions
    • F02P5/1555—Analogue data processing by determination of elapsed angle with reference to a particular point on the motor axle, dependent on specific conditions using a continuous control, dependent on speed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the device for controlling the ignition in an internal combustion engine comprises a circuit controlled by an electromagnetic switch coupled with the rotation of the motor and connected to the ignition coil thereof, said magnetic switch having a maintenance circuit altering the opening of the switch in dependency of the speed of the engine.
  • the present invention relates to an ignition device for the advance of which is controlled by an electromagnetic type of detector.
  • this kind of switch introduces an ignition time lag which is usually corrected by artificial mechanical means that are often complicated so as to obtain an ignition correction satisfactory at very high speeds.
  • the main object of the present invention is to produce an improved device that will prevent these disadvantages by acting directly on the response of the switch.
  • the device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it comprises an excitation circuit for the ignition coil controlled by an electromagnetic type detector by the opening of a switch coupled to the rotation of the crankshaft cam, and a maintenance circuit subjected to a voltage inversely proportional to the speed and retarding the opening of the switch for altering the ignition.
  • the energizing circuit comprises a flexible reed electromechanical relay, of the dry reed switch" type, for instance, setting up the control current of the ignition coil.
  • the maintenance circuit comprises a frequency-to-voltage converter, producing a voltage inversely proportional to the speed, said converter being controlled by the switch and the voltage being applied to a maintenance winding of said electromechanical relay.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial perspective of an internal combustion engine comprising the device of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of the ignition device and advance static correction according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of the curves of the ignition advance according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically a four cylinder engine 1 of which only one cylinder has been illustrated.
  • a piston2 slides whose connecting-rod 3 is jointed at its foot to one of the crank pins 4 of the crankshaft 5 rigidly connected to a flywheel 6 carrying a disc 101 and also to a distributing device 7 which is intended to direct in a given order the current pulses produced from the device of the invention, designated on the whole by reference numeral 8, to each spark plug 9.
  • the device 8 is, in this example, connected to a switch 102 forming part of it a and which is intended to detect the successive passage of two magnetic poles 11 and 12 carried by the disc 101.
  • Two current pulses are then produced setting off two sparks by two distinct spark plugs for each revolution of the crankshaft 5, as is the case for a four-cylinder engine operating according to a four-stroke cycle.
  • the disc 101 comprises marked or projecting magnetic poles whose number is in direct relation to the number of cylinders and cycles.
  • the disc 101 controls a magnetic switch reed relay type 102 with contacts 103, 104 so that at each passage of a pole in front of the contact, said contact is closed.
  • the switch 102 is connected between i a positive line 105 and a negative line to the earth 108 by means of a resistor 107.
  • a resistor 109 connects the point 106, common to the resistor 107 and the switch 102, to the base of a transistor 110.
  • Said transistor has its emitter earthed in 108 and its collector connected to the positive line 105 by means of the primary 111 a, of an ignition coil 111, and a diode 114 in series.
  • the circuit comprising the positive line 105 and passing through the switch 102, the resistor 109, the base and emitter of the transistor 110, and closed by the diode 114 and primary winding 111a, represents the excitation circuit of the ignition coil 111 whose coil 111 b forms high voltage output connected to the plugs, for example spark plug 9 of FIG. 1.
  • a frequency-to-voltage converter 112 is connected suppllying a voltage inversely proportional to the frequency of the signal it receives from the point 106.
  • This voltage is applied by a conductor to the terminals of the maintenance winding 113 of the switch 102, the voltage being so much the higher as the frequency of the input signal is lower, hence that the speed N of the engine is lower according to the relation:
  • FIG. 3 gives the variation curve of said voltage: V f (N).
  • the converter device 112 comprises a capacitor C and a resistor R mounted in paralleled between the conductor of the earth M and the conductor 100 below a diode D and thus forming the maintenance circuit of the excitation circuit.
  • a positive potential is then applied by means of the resistor 109 to the base of the transistor 110 which is saturated and becomes conductive thus supplying the primary winding 111 a ofthe ignition coil 111.
  • the disc 101 At the moment when the crankshaft approaches top dead center the disc 101 has revolved and no longer subjects the switch 102 to the influence of a magnetic pole.
  • the contacts 103, 104 open and as there is no current circulating in the base of the transistor 110, said transistor is blocked.
  • the primary 1 11a of the coil 111 is no longer supplied and the breaking of the circuit received on the winding lllb acts for causing a spark.
  • the working of the switch 102 described in the foregoing, corresponds to a maximal advance of the ignition.
  • the converter 112 receives a signal from the point 106, every time the switch 102 closes, that is to say, at the moment when a pole of the disc comes in front of the contact.
  • the converter is provided for delivering a voltage V F (N) inversely proportional to the speed of the disc 101 (curve 201, FIG. 3). This voltage V is applied to the winding 113 of the switch 102 and whose magnetic field opposes that produced by the pole facing disc 101.
  • the shape of the disc 101 and magnetic poles that it comprises can be modified for varying the advance correction.
  • a device in which the magnetic switch is ofa dry reed relay.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)

Abstract

The device for controlling the ignition in an internal combustion engine comprises a circuit controlled by an electromagnetic switch coupled with the rotation of the motor and connected to the ignition coil thereof, said magnetic switch having a maintenance circuit altering the opening of the switch in dependency of the speed of the engine.

Description

United States Patent lnventor Appl. No. Filed Patented Assignee Priority Bernard Varaut Draveil, France 799,416
Feb. 14, 1969 Jan. 19, 1971 Compagnie Des Compteurs Paris, France a company of France Feb. 27, 1968 France DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE IGNITION IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 3 Claims, 3 Drawing Figs.
US. Cl
[51] Int. Cl F02p 5/08 [50] FieldofSearch 123/148E, 148M,117.1;315/209,219
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,308,341 3/1967 McLaughlin 315/219 3,356,896 12/1967 Shano H 315/209 3,433,208 3/1969 Dogadko et a1 123/148E Primary ExaminerLaurence M. Goodridge AttorneyPierce, Scheffler & Parker ABSTRACT: The device for controlling the ignition in an internal combustion engine comprises a circuit controlled by an electromagnetic switch coupled with the rotation of the motor and connected to the ignition coil thereof, said magnetic switch having a maintenance circuit altering the opening of the switch in dependency of the speed of the engine.
The present invention relates to an ignition device for the advance of which is controlled by an electromagnetic type of detector.
It is known to use a disc or magnetic pole cam for actuating a reed switch in an internal combustion engine.
By its operational principle, this kind of switch introduces an ignition time lag which is usually corrected by artificial mechanical means that are often complicated so as to obtain an ignition correction satisfactory at very high speeds. The main object of the present invention is to produce an improved device that will prevent these disadvantages by acting directly on the response of the switch.
' The device according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it comprises an excitation circuit for the ignition coil controlled by an electromagnetic type detector by the opening of a switch coupled to the rotation of the crankshaft cam, and a maintenance circuit subjected to a voltage inversely proportional to the speed and retarding the opening of the switch for altering the ignition.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the energizing circuit comprises a flexible reed electromechanical relay, of the dry reed switch" type, for instance, setting up the control current of the ignition coil.
According to a development of the invention, the maintenance circuit comprises a frequency-to-voltage converter, producing a voltage inversely proportional to the speed, said converter being controlled by the switch and the voltage being applied to a maintenance winding of said electromechanical relay.
Other, characteristics of the invention will moreover be revealed by the description which follows, as well as the accompanying drawings, given by way of nonrestrictive example.
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective of an internal combustion engine comprising the device of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the ignition device and advance static correction according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the curves of the ignition advance according to the invention.
FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically a four cylinder engine 1 of which only one cylinder has been illustrated. In each cylinder a piston2 slides whose connecting-rod 3 is jointed at its foot to one of the crank pins 4 of the crankshaft 5 rigidly connected to a flywheel 6 carrying a disc 101 and also to a distributing device 7 which is intended to direct in a given order the current pulses produced from the device of the invention, designated on the whole by reference numeral 8, to each spark plug 9. The device 8 is, in this example, connected to a switch 102 forming part of it a and which is intended to detect the successive passage of two magnetic poles 11 and 12 carried by the disc 101. Two current pulses are then produced setting off two sparks by two distinct spark plugs for each revolution of the crankshaft 5, as is the case for a four-cylinder engine operating according to a four-stroke cycle.
In FIG. 2, the disc 101 comprises marked or projecting magnetic poles whose number is in direct relation to the number of cylinders and cycles. The disc 101 controls a magnetic switch reed relay type 102 with contacts 103, 104 so that at each passage of a pole in front of the contact, said contact is closed.
The switch 102 is connected between i a positive line 105 and a negative line to the earth 108 by means of a resistor 107. A resistor 109 connects the point 106, common to the resistor 107 and the switch 102, to the base of a transistor 110. Said transistor has its emitter earthed in 108 and its collector connected to the positive line 105 by means of the primary 111 a, of an ignition coil 111, and a diode 114 in series.
The circuit, comprising the positive line 105 and passing through the switch 102, the resistor 109, the base and emitter of the transistor 110, and closed by the diode 114 and primary winding 111a, represents the excitation circuit of the ignition coil 111 whose coil 111 b forms high voltage output connected to the plugs, for example spark plug 9 of FIG. 1.
Between the point 106 and earth 1108 a frequency-to-voltage converter 112 is connected suppllying a voltage inversely proportional to the frequency of the signal it receives from the point 106. This voltage is applied by a conductor to the terminals of the maintenance winding 113 of the switch 102, the voltage being so much the higher as the frequency of the input signal is lower, hence that the speed N of the engine is lower according to the relation:
FIG. 3 gives the variation curve of said voltage: V f (N).
As shown in FIG. 2, the converter device 112 comprises a capacitor C and a resistor R mounted in paralleled between the conductor of the earth M and the conductor 100 below a diode D and thus forming the maintenance circuit of the excitation circuit.
When the switch 102 is subjected to a magnetic pole of the disc 101, the contacts 103, 104 are closed.
A positive potential is then applied by means of the resistor 109 to the base of the transistor 110 which is saturated and becomes conductive thus supplying the primary winding 111 a ofthe ignition coil 111.
At the moment when the crankshaft approaches top dead center the disc 101 has revolved and no longer subjects the switch 102 to the influence of a magnetic pole. The contacts 103, 104 open and as there is no current circulating in the base of the transistor 110, said transistor is blocked. The primary 1 11a of the coil 111 is no longer supplied and the breaking of the circuit received on the winding lllb acts for causing a spark.
The working of the switch 102 described in the foregoing, corresponds to a maximal advance of the ignition.
The converter 112 receives a signal from the point 106, every time the switch 102 closes, that is to say, at the moment when a pole of the disc comes in front of the contact. The converter is provided for delivering a voltage V F (N) inversely proportional to the speed of the disc 101 (curve 201, FIG. 3). This voltage V is applied to the winding 113 of the switch 102 and whose magnetic field opposes that produced by the pole facing disc 101.
At low speeds, the voltage V (curve 201, FIG. 3) is sufficiently important to cause the winding 113 to produce a magnetic field which delays the opening of the switch 102 during the passage of the poles of the disc 101, opening which does not occur at this moment. In that which. follows, the angle a of ignition advance is the angle existing at the moment when the spark is produced between the portion of one of the crankpins of the crankshaft and that which it occupies when the piston to which it is connected is at its top dead center corresponding to the end of the compression stroke of the fuel mixture contained in the cylinder.
In FIG. 3, the curve 202 shows the variation of the angle of advance a as a function of the number N of revolutions of the engine. One sees that the origin (N 0) of the curve 202 corresponds to the maximal voltage V and to a minimal advance.
When the rotation speed of the crankshaft increases, voltage decreases (curve 201, FIG. 3) and, hence the magnetic field of the winding 113, diminishes to the same extent, which delays the opening of the switch 102 by as much.
For a maximum speed, the direct action of the poles of the disc 101 become preponderating; the opening of the contacts 103, 104, and consequently, the operating of the energizing circuit happens at the given moment settled for a maximum fixed advance (end of the curve 202, FIG. 3).
It is quite obvious that the intermediate points of the advance curve (202, FIG. 2) result from the difference between the antagonist magnetic fields produced by the winding 113 and the poles of the disc 101.
Without going outside the scope of the invention, the shape of the disc 101 and magnetic poles that it comprises can be modified for varying the advance correction.
I claim:
I. An ignition system for an internal combustion engine, comprising in combination a magnetic switch fitted with a maintenance coil, rotary magnetic member located in relationship with said magnetic switch for operation thereof, means coupling said magnetic member to the internal combustion engine for rotating said member in synchronism with the rotation speed of the engine so that said magnetic switch produces signals whose frequency depends on said speed, an electronic gate connected both to the magnetic switch and to said maintenance coil, a frequency to-voltage converter also connected both to the magnetic switch and to the maintenance coil and providing a voltage so that the product of the voltage by the frequency of the signal coming from the magnetic switch is a linear function of said frequency, whereby a voltage is applied to the maintenance coil to delay the operation of the switch and then of the gate in dependency of the speed of the engine, and an ignition coil connected on the one hand to one spark plug of said engine and, one the other hand, to said gate whereby a spark is produced in said spark plug at the moment when said gate is open, this moment being delay in dependency ofthe rotation speed of the engine.
2. An ignition system as set forth in claim 1, in which the converter frequency-to-voltage device comprises a capacitor and resistor circuit parallely mounted between the maintenance coil and earth and a diode connected between said circuit and the gate. I ,1
3. A device according to claim 1 in which the magnetic switch is ofa dry reed relay.

Claims (3)

1. An ignition system for an internal combustion engine, comprising in combination a magnetic switch fitted with a maintenance coil, rotary magnetic member located in relationship with said magnetic switch for operation thereof, means coupling said magnetic member to the internal combustion engine for rotating said member in synchronism with the rotation speed of the engine so that said magnetic switch produces signals whose frequency depends on said speed, an electronic gate connected both to the magnetic switch and to said maintenance coil, a frequency to-voltage converter also connected both to the magnetic switch and to the maintenance coil and providing a voltage so that the product of the voltage by the frequency of the signal coming from the magnetic switch is a linear function of said frequency, whereby a voltage is applied to the maintenance coil to delay the operation of the switch and then of the gate in dependency of the speed of the engine, and an ignition coil connected on the one hand to one spark plug of said engine and, one the other hand, to said gate whereby a spark is produced in said spark plug at the moment when said gate is open, this moment being delay in dependency of the rotation speed of the engine.
2. An ignition system as set forth in claim 1, in which the converter frequency-to-voltage device comprises a capacitor and resistor circuit parallely mounted between the maintenance coil and earth and a diode connected between said circuit and the gate.
3. A device according to claim 1 in which the magnetic switch is of a dry reed relay.
US799416A 1968-02-27 1969-02-14 Device for controlling the ignition in an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US3556068A (en)

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DE (1) DE1902055A1 (en)
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GB (1) GB1225096A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3951144A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Motor ignition distribution system with controllable auxiliary gaps
US5577485A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-11-26 International Machinery Corporation Ignition system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308341A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-03-07 Motorola Inc Transistorized ignition system utilizing a magnetically actuated reed switch
US3356896A (en) * 1964-12-16 1967-12-05 Motorola Inc Electronic device
US3433208A (en) * 1967-02-14 1969-03-18 Motorola Inc Triggering circuit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308341A (en) * 1964-02-10 1967-03-07 Motorola Inc Transistorized ignition system utilizing a magnetically actuated reed switch
US3356896A (en) * 1964-12-16 1967-12-05 Motorola Inc Electronic device
US3433208A (en) * 1967-02-14 1969-03-18 Motorola Inc Triggering circuit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3951144A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Motor ignition distribution system with controllable auxiliary gaps
US5577485A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-11-26 International Machinery Corporation Ignition system

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FR1563118A (en) 1969-04-11
DE1902055A1 (en) 1969-09-11
GB1225096A (en) 1971-03-17

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