US353747A - Regenerative hot-blast stove - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. M. HARTMAN.

REGENERATIVE HOT BLAST STOVE,

No. 353,747. Patented Dee. 7 1886.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

. the division -wall.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. HARTMAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

REGENERATIVE HOT-BLAST STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 353,747, dated December '7, 1886.

Application filed November 17, 1884.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN M. HARTMAN, of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Regenerative Hot-Blast Stoves, of which the following is a specification reference being had to the accompanying drawlngs.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section through the stove on a plane at right angles to the division-wall. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken upon several planesviz., as to the quadrant (indicated by X) the section is on the line 00 at, Fig. 1, as to the quadrant Y on the line 3 y, Fig. 1, and as to the remainder of the figure (being the quadrants Z Z) on the line 2 z of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partial vertical section through the side wall and adjacent portion of the checker-work on an enlarged scale. Figs. 4 and 5 are partial horizontal sections on the lines o e and w w, respectively, of Fig. 1.

My invention relates, chiefly, to stoves containing more than one regenerator, and its principal objects are to permit the placing of the combustionchamber beneath one of the regenerators, to prevent the tearing of the side and division walls and strengthen the roof, to equalize the distribution of the currents while increasing the heating-surface therein, to properly set and support the checker-work, to arrange and work the valves in the most advantageous manner, and to lessen the accumulation and facilitate the removal of dust.

In the drawings, A represents the shell of the stove, inclosing the outer or side wall, 13, and stayed at top by the cross-girder a.

G is the combustion-chamber, arranged under one regenerator, D, which is separated from the other regenerator, D, by the divisionwall E. The division-wall E is built solid only to the level of the tops of the regenerators, and is pierced above that point by a series of arched openings, e e. The roof of each regenerator is constructed in a separate arch, as shown at b b, theinner end of each arch being supported upon the transverse arches of The roof of the combustionchamber 0 consists of a series of arches whose vertical height is more than half their span,and which may appropriately be termed Gothic or pointed arches F, arranged parallel to one another and Serial No. 148,171. (No model.)

having intermediate passage-ways. These arches have horizontal tops extending entirely across the chamber, and upon them are supported short transverse brick girders 20, upon which the filling of the regenerator D rests.

The tendency of semicircular arches, even when used to support the brace-walls of a combustion-chamber, is to soften and settle in the middle when highly heated, and as, in the arrangement of the regenerator above the combustion-chamber, amuch greater weight has to be supported, it is necessary to use the Gothic arch, which is .not liable to settle at its center under the effects of heat. To insure, however, the thorough support of the filling in the first regenerator, D, incase the arches F become weakened, it is bonded in with the side and division walls, and as the combustion-chamber is built high and the division-wall does not extend solid above the regenerator, the difference in upward expansion of the first regenerator and wall is very slight. The girders to form the intermediate support between the arches and the regenerator.

The second regenerator, D, being the full height of the stove, 1- construct it separate from the side and division walls, so that there is no tendency to tear them by unequal expansion. Instead, however, of constructing the bottom of the regenerator D at one continuous level and supporting it upon a wall or walls parallel to'the division-wall E, a. is usually the case, I build a wall, G, at right angles to the division-wall, and spring arches h therefrom on each side, said wall G and its side arches being stepped, so that while the bottom of the regenerator D is in the parts adjacent to the chimney-valve H sufficiently raised to permit access to said valve the inner portions descend as far as possible, leaving only space for the free passage of the gas, &c.' The ascending current in the first regenerator is so strong when the foregoing combination and arrangement is used that the gas ICO to support the center of the second regener ator permits the use of much thinner walls andarchcs than where the wholesupporting structure is built parallel to the division-walls, and thus affords more ready access to the bottom of the regenerator for cleaning pur- Poses. T

It is usual in lining the shell A to place the bricks forming the side walls radially, and as the checker-work is composed of square or polygonal pieces it does not fit the circular inner surface of the wall, but leavesirregular openings where the checker-work has no lat eral support. To avoid this I lay the bricks of one course radially, as shown at f, Figs; 3, 4, and 5, and those of the next'succeeding course, g, either at right angles to or parallel with the division-wall E, and so on, allowing the non-radial courses to project i'nwardlyand abut against the sides of the checker-work d,

which is thus effectively stayed throughout,

I the bonding of the wall itself being also imcleaning. In laying the bricks d of theproved by these alternate courses.

In the use of hollow brick to form checker-work it is found impossible to get them'all of uniform size, owing to differences in shrinkage, caused by'the peculiaritiesof the clay itself and by irregularities in the burning. It is of great importance, however, that the openings of the regenerator should be in line, as any offsets catch the dust and hinder checker-work I therefore leave a spa'ce on all sides of each brick, as indicated in Figs. .4 and 5, sufficient to compensate irregularities insizer-esay one-sixth of an inch-..andgu ide the bricks vertically, by means of the central openings alone, thus insuring a true alignment ot the passages. Aftereach' course of bricks, fire-clay is spread around the top, so as to flow into the spaces between the'bricks and maintain them in position.

The chimney-valve H, I place within the stove itself, by simply bolting the valveface to the bottom thereof, thus dispensing with theusual outside T- connections, the wall G and outer wall, B, being arched over the valve, as shown, in Fig. 1, at 1'. As the heat at this point is not very great, the shell A of the stove suffices to cover the opening of the arch t.

In order to control the temperature of the blast I introduce a passover-valve near the bottom of the division-wall E, thus permitting I a portion of the blast to pass directly across without traversing the reg'enerator. vantage of this construction is that it prevents explosions from the backing of gas into the air-blast pipe and air-receiver when blast is shut off, a danger which was alwaysincident to the use of a branch pipe extending between the hot-blast and cold-blast pipes and a valve placed at a point between the furnace and stove as formerly used.

p The T-connection I at the entrance to the combustion-chamber is controlled by butterfly-valves J. As these valve-disks weigh the The adi some five hundred pounds the scraping upon the bottom of the valve-body isv apt to cause so much friction that the valve will not close tight, a difficulty which is increased by the.

I therefore sus"-.

sides of the regenerator that they cannot be blown out by the direct currentof blast. I i a have found, however, that by dropping a ball down throughthe passages of the regenerator while the blast is passing up the current is deflected sidewise against the ashes, &c., with i great force, and they are readily detached. I therefore provide a removable spider, q, i

which rests upon the periphery of the openings cor c, said spiderhaving a depending hinged trough, p, by means of which the balls r (of cast iron or other suitable material) can be discharged into the several passages of the regenerator. v

I am aware that it is not newto bind the filling of a regenerato'r to its walls, and I do not claim this mode of construction; but when the filling is of great height, or when thereis I unequal expansion in the sides, the walls are liable to be torn; hence my improvement differs from former methods of constructiomin .that while the short regenerator is bonded (thus relieving the strain upon the roof of combustion-chamber to some extent) the long or high reg'enerator-filling is free to expand,

and there is no danger of tearing the walls.

Iam also aware, of course, that a Gothic arch is a-very old form, and I make no claim to its use, save as'one element of the particular com bination hereinafterclaimed. I believe that I am the first to apply it to a structure whose roof consists of a series of open passages and is required to support a great weight under a very high temperature. Insuch combination I have discovered that it will not sag or settle in the center as does the arch of semicircular form, and I hence desire to claim this new combination.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim- A 1. In a single-surface regenerative stove, the combination of the following elements, arranged substantially in the manner specified, viz: a combustion-chamber, a regenerator above the same, a second regenerator equal in height to the combined height of the firSt'regeneratOr and chamber, and a solid di vision-wall extending between said regenerators from the bottom of the stove to the level of their tops, the checker-work of the first regenerator being tied or bonded in with the Q stove-lining and division-Wall and the checker-work of the second being built separate from the adjacent walls.

2. In a single-surface regenerator-stove, the combination, with a regenerator, of a subjacent combustion-chamber, a series of Gothic arches with intermediate passage-ways arranged at the top of said combustion-chamber, and a series of transverse girders resting upon said arches and supporting the filling of the said regenerator.

3. In a single-surface regenerative stove of cylindrical form containing two regenerators, the combination of a division-wall between said regenerators, but extending only to the level of their tops, a series of open arches built upon said division-wall, and a doublearched roof the inner ends of whose arches rest upon the arches of the division-wall, substantially as set forth.

4. In a stove of substantially circular horizontal section and having a checker-work of square or polygonal bricks, the combination, with said checker-work, of an inclosing-wall built of alternating courses of bricks, the

brick of one course being laid radially to the circumference of the stove, and those of the next in the direction of chords to said circumference, substantially as set forth.

5. Ina regenerative stove containing two 30 regenerators, the combination of a divisionwall, E, separating said regenerators, a central wall, G, at right angles to said divisionwall, and a series of open arches arranged on each side of and perpendicular to said central 3 5 wall, said central Wall and its side arches forming the support of the second regenerator.

6. The combination, with the regenerator D, of the chimney-valve H, opening downward in the floor of the .stove, the central 40 wall, G, having a half-arch, 1', over said Valve, and the arch in the stove-lining adjacent to said valve.

7. The cold-blast valve arranged at the bottom of the division-wall E, substantially as 45 and for the purposes set forth.

JOHN M. HARTMAN.

\Vitnesses:

WM. HI MYERs, THOMAS M. SMITH.

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