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US3523836A - Permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of a compound m5r - Google Patents

Permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of a compound m5r Download PDF

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Publication number
US3523836A
US3523836A US699232A US3523836DA US3523836A US 3523836 A US3523836 A US 3523836A US 699232 A US699232 A US 699232A US 3523836D A US3523836D A US 3523836DA US 3523836 A US3523836 A US 3523836A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
compound
fine particles
constituted
magnet constituted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US699232A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Heinz Juergen Buschow
Wilhelmus Antonius Johan Velge
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US3523836A publication Critical patent/US3523836A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C22C1/0441—Alloys based on intermetallic compounds of the type rare earth - Co, Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder

Definitions

  • a permanent magnet is constituted of a body composed of fine particles of a compound M R in which M is cobalt or a combination of cobalt and one of the metals Fe, Ni or Cu and R is La Ce where O x 1.
  • the invention relates to a permanent magnet constituted of fine particles having in themselves permanent magnetic properties.
  • the component of these particles which is essential to these magnetic properties is M R where R is a combination of the two rare earth elements La and Ce, and M is either Co or a combination of Co with one or more of the elements Fe, Ni and Cu
  • M R is a combination of the two rare earth elements La and Ce
  • M is either Co or a combination of Co with one or more of the elements Fe, Ni and Cu
  • M R is a combination of the two rare earth elements La and Ce
  • M is either Co or a combination of Co with one or more of the elements Fe, Ni and Cu
  • M R is La
  • Such magnets have a high nniaxial anisotropy combined with a high saturation magnetization.
  • Permanent magnets also are required to have both a high saturation moment 0', and a high intrinsic coercive force, H
  • a permanent magnet as described in the previous application has a component essential to the permanent magnetic properties a compound M 'R.
  • R now is La Ce
  • Such a permanent magnet may in particular have an H of more than 3500 oersteds (oe.) combined with a a of more than 30 erg/gauss oersted (g.-oe.) when 0 x 0.6.
  • Graph 1 shows how, in a permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of compounds of the series La Ce C0 0 x 1, the value of H depends upon x.
  • the H values plotted in this graph are always the highest obtained values of a particular compound in the series.
  • the H measured actually depends upon the size of the particles measured. By reducing these particles in size so that they increasingly show a single-domain-character, the H increases in principle. However, the reduction of the particles in size also involves a deformation. This may just have an opposite effect in various cases on the value of H however the H values from which Graph 1 was plotted have all been measured with an experimentally determined optimum average particle size.
  • Graph 2 shows the variation of the saturation magnitization 0' also as a function of x for the same series of compounds.
  • magnets are made using the process described in the aforesaid application Ser. No. 644,101, viz., a body is first manufactured by melting the component elements to form the compound of M R and subsequentially the mass is cooled. The body is if necessary homogenized by annearling in an atmosphere which protects against oxidizing influence at a temperature just below the melting point. After being cooled to room temperature the body is pulverized and the powder molded into a body in a magnetic field.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US699232A 1967-01-21 1968-01-19 Permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of a compound m5r Expired - Lifetime US3523836A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6700998A NL6700998A (fr) 1967-01-21 1967-01-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3523836A true US3523836A (en) 1970-08-11

Family

ID=19799069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US699232A Expired - Lifetime US3523836A (en) 1967-01-21 1968-01-19 Permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of a compound m5r

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3523836A (fr)
AT (1) AT280624B (fr)
BE (1) BE709654A (fr)
CH (1) CH514222A (fr)
DE (1) DE1558619B2 (fr)
DK (1) DK117514B (fr)
FR (1) FR1553242A (fr)
GB (1) GB1195333A (fr)
NL (1) NL6700998A (fr)
NO (1) NO122139B (fr)
SE (1) SE324021B (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2003749A1 (de) * 1969-01-24 1970-07-30 Philips Nv Hydride mit der Formel ABnHm
US3663317A (en) * 1969-12-20 1972-05-16 Philips Corp Method of making a permanent-magnetisable body of compressed fine particles of a compound of m and r
US3664892A (en) * 1968-01-31 1972-05-23 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3755007A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-08-28 Gen Electric Stabilized permanent magnet comprising a sintered and quenched body of compacted cobalt-rare earth particles
US3790414A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd As-CAST, RARE-EARTH-Co-Cu PERMANENT MAGNET MATERIAL
US3839102A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-10-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Permanent magnet
US3844851A (en) * 1972-05-02 1974-10-29 Sermag Pre-fitting method of manufacturing cobalt samarium permanent magnet alloy
US4063971A (en) * 1969-08-08 1977-12-20 Th. Goldschmidt Ag Method of increasing the coercive force of pulverized rare earth-cobalt alloys
US4075042A (en) * 1973-11-16 1978-02-21 Raytheon Company Samarium-cobalt magnet with grain growth inhibited SmCo5 crystals
US4174966A (en) * 1978-12-15 1979-11-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior High coercive force rare earth metal-cobalt magnets containing copper and magnesium
US4378258A (en) * 1972-03-16 1983-03-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy
US4537850A (en) * 1983-08-30 1985-08-27 Wilfred Smeiman Process and apparatus for rejuvenating electrostatic copy machine toner

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2110755A5 (fr) * 1970-10-29 1972-06-02 Sermag
DE2632126C2 (de) * 1976-07-16 1978-05-24 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Polarisiertes Miniaturrelais

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2813789A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-11-19 Glaser Louis Permanent magnet alloys
US3102002A (en) * 1960-03-25 1963-08-27 Univ Pittsburgh Ferromagnetic materials prepared from lanthanons and transition metals
US3326637A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-06-20 Ibm Ferromagnetic intermetallic compounds and method of preparation
US3342591A (en) * 1964-08-31 1967-09-19 Ibm Ferromagnetic compounds and method of preparation
US3421889A (en) * 1966-01-13 1969-01-14 Us Air Force Magnetic rare earth-cobalt alloys
US3424578A (en) * 1967-06-05 1969-01-28 Us Air Force Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2813789A (en) * 1952-04-08 1957-11-19 Glaser Louis Permanent magnet alloys
US3102002A (en) * 1960-03-25 1963-08-27 Univ Pittsburgh Ferromagnetic materials prepared from lanthanons and transition metals
US3326637A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-06-20 Ibm Ferromagnetic intermetallic compounds and method of preparation
US3342591A (en) * 1964-08-31 1967-09-19 Ibm Ferromagnetic compounds and method of preparation
US3421889A (en) * 1966-01-13 1969-01-14 Us Air Force Magnetic rare earth-cobalt alloys
US3424578A (en) * 1967-06-05 1969-01-28 Us Air Force Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3790414A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd As-CAST, RARE-EARTH-Co-Cu PERMANENT MAGNET MATERIAL
US3839102A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-10-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Permanent magnet
US3664892A (en) * 1968-01-31 1972-05-23 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US4242315A (en) * 1969-01-24 1980-12-30 U.S. Philips Corporation Hydrides of the formula ABn Hm
DE2003749A1 (de) * 1969-01-24 1970-07-30 Philips Nv Hydride mit der Formel ABnHm
US4378331A (en) * 1969-01-24 1983-03-29 U.S. Philips Corporation Hydrides of the formula AD N HM
US4063971A (en) * 1969-08-08 1977-12-20 Th. Goldschmidt Ag Method of increasing the coercive force of pulverized rare earth-cobalt alloys
US3663317A (en) * 1969-12-20 1972-05-16 Philips Corp Method of making a permanent-magnetisable body of compressed fine particles of a compound of m and r
US3755007A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-08-28 Gen Electric Stabilized permanent magnet comprising a sintered and quenched body of compacted cobalt-rare earth particles
US4378258A (en) * 1972-03-16 1983-03-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy
US3844851A (en) * 1972-05-02 1974-10-29 Sermag Pre-fitting method of manufacturing cobalt samarium permanent magnet alloy
US4075042A (en) * 1973-11-16 1978-02-21 Raytheon Company Samarium-cobalt magnet with grain growth inhibited SmCo5 crystals
US4174966A (en) * 1978-12-15 1979-11-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior High coercive force rare earth metal-cobalt magnets containing copper and magnesium
US4537850A (en) * 1983-08-30 1985-08-27 Wilfred Smeiman Process and apparatus for rejuvenating electrostatic copy machine toner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1558619A1 (de) 1970-05-06
CH514222A (de) 1971-10-15
FR1553242A (fr) 1969-01-10
SE324021B (fr) 1970-05-19
BE709654A (fr) 1968-07-19
NO122139B (fr) 1971-05-24
NL6700998A (fr) 1968-07-22
AT280624B (de) 1970-04-27
DK117514B (da) 1970-05-04
GB1195333A (en) 1970-06-17
DE1558619B2 (de) 1977-06-30

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